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These are the major classes or groups of Chordates.
Some groups in this presentation are in stricly sense paraphyletic.
<==o CHORDATA (selkäjänteiset; chordates)
|?- †CALCICHORDATA [problematic, possibly echinodermats]
|-- UROCHORDATA (vaippaeläimet; seasquids)
`--+-- CEPHALOCHORDATA (kallottomat selkäjänteiset)
`--o CRANIATA (kallolliset; craniates)
|-- MYXINI (limanahkiaiset; hagfishes)
`--o VERTEBRATA (selkärankaiset; vertebrates)
|-- HYPEROARTIA (nahkiaiskalat)
`--+-- †EUCONODONTA (konodontit; conodonts)
`--+-- †PTERASPIDOMORPHI [Diplorhina] ("kaksisieraimiset")
`--+-- †ANASPIDA
`--+-- †GALEASPIDA
|-- †OSTEOSTRACI
`--+-- †THELODONTI (telodontit; thelodonts)
`--o GNATHOSTOMATA (leualliset selkärankaiset; jawed vertebrates)
|-- †PLACODERMI (panssarikalat)
`--+-- CHONDRICHTHYES (rustokalat)
`--o TELEOSTOMI ()
|-- †ACANTHODII (piikkieväkalat)
`--o OSTEICHTHYES (bonefishes, luukalat)
|-- ACTINOPTERYGII (viuhkaeväiset luukalat; ray-finned fishes)
`--o SARCOPTERYGII (lihaseväiset luukalat; flesh-finned fishes)
`--o TETRAPODA (four-legged vertebrates, maaselkärankaiset)
|-- LISSAMPHIBIA (nykysammakkoeläimet; modern amphibians)
`--o AMNIOTA (vesikalvolliset; amniotes)
|--o SYNAPSIDA [Theropsida] (synapsidit eli nisäkäsmäiset matelijat; synapsids i.e. mammal-like reptiles)
| `-- MAMMALIA (mammals, nisäkkäät)
`--o REPTILIA (matelijat; reptiles)
|--o ANAPSIDA (ohimoaukottomat matelijat)
| `-- TESTUDINATA [Chelonia, Testudines] (kilpikonnat; turtles)
`--o DIAPSIDA (kaksiohimoaukkoiset matelijat)
|-- †ICHTHYOSAURIA [Ichthyopterygia] (kalaliskot; ichthyosaurs, fishlizards)
|--+-- †SAUROPTERYGIA (joutsenliskomaiset merimatelijat; incl. plesiosaurs)
| `-- LEPIDOSAURIA (lepidosaurit, suomumatelijat; incl. squamates)
`--o ARCHOSAURIA (arkosaurit; archosaurs)
`-- AVES (linnut; birds)
Reference(s):
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Conway Morris, S., 1993: The fossil record and early evolution of the Metazoa.
–Nature, vol. 361, 21 January, pp. 219-225
Janvier , P., 1997: Vertebrata: Animals with backbones.
--iNet : Tree of Life; http://tolweb.org/tree/
Lundberg, J. G., 1995, 1997: Chordata
--iNet : Tree of Life; http://tolweb.org/tree/
Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223
Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600