Most of the recognized phyla of Protostoma:
Protostoma (alkusuiset)
Aschelmithes [Pseudocoelomata] (valeruumiinonteloiset)
Tardigrada (karhukaiset; water bears)
Chaetognatha [incl. †Protoconodonta] (nuolimadot)
Nematomorpha (jouhimadot)
Nemata [Nematoda] (sukkulamadot)
Gastrotricha (sukaspintaiset)
Rotifera (rataseläimet)
Acanthocephala (väkäkärsämadot)
Entoprocta (pikarimadot)
Bryozoa [Ectoprocta] (sammaleläimet)
Cycliophora Funch & Kristensen, 1995
Mesozoa [see Basal Metazoa]
Arthropoda (arthropods; niveljalkaiset) [polyphyletic???]
†Coeloscleritomorpha Bengtson & Missarzhevsky, 1981 [paraphyletic phylum of Mollusc-like protostomes?]
“Molluscamorpha”
†Tullimonsterida
Mollusca (molluscs; nilviäiset)
Bivalvia (shellfishes; simpukat)
Gastropoda (kotilot)
Cephalopoda (caphalopods; pääjalkaiset)
†Hyolitha
Sipuncula [Sipunculoidea] (ruiskumadot)
“Annelidamorpha”
Nemertea [Nemertinea] (limamadot)
Lobatocerebrida
†Banffida
Echiura [Echiuroidea] (tähtimadot)
Myzostomida (norkomadot)
Annelida [incl. Vestimentifera & Pogonophora sensu Rouse, 2001] (nivelmadot)
Lophophorata
Phoronida (tupsumadot)
†Tommotiida Missarzhevsky, 1970
Brachiopoda (lonkerojalkaiset)
†Palaeoscolecida
Kinorhyncha (okakaulamadot)
Loricifera
Priapulida [Priapuloidea] (makkaramadot)
Reference(s):
- Conway Morris, S., 1993: The fossil record and early evolution of the Metazoa.
–Nature, vol. 361, 21 January, pp. 219-225 - Funch, P. & Kristensen, R. M., 1995: Cycliophora is a new phylum with affinities to Endoprocta and Ectoprocta.
–Nature: Vol. 378, 14 December, pp. 711-714 - Hou & Bergström, 1997: Arthropods of the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, southwest China.
–Fossils & Strata, Number 45, 22nd December 1997, pp. 1-116 - Kazlev, M. A., 2002-: The “Procoelomates”
–iNet: The Palaeos: http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Procoelomates/Procoelomates.html - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company - Szaniawski, H., 2002: New evidence for the protoconodont origin of chaetognaths.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 47, #3, pp. 405-419
iNet: Tree of Life: http://tolweb.org/tree/