After Cutler, 1994
<==o Sipuncula Rafinesque, 1814 [Sipunculida Rafinesque, 1814; Sifunculacei Delle Chiaje 1823; Gephyrea de Quatrefage 1847; Sipunculacea Hatschek 1881; Podaxonia Lankester 1885; Prosopygia Lang 1888; Sipunculoidea Sedgwick 1898] (ruiskumadot) |--o Sipunculidea Rafinesque, 1814 | |--o Sipunculiformes Gibbs & Cutler, 1985 | | `-- Sipunculidae Rafinesque 1814 | `--o Golfingiiformes Cutler & Gibbs, 1985 | |-- Golfingiidae Stephen & Edmonds, 1972 | |-- Phascolionidae Cutler & Gibbs, 1985 [Phascoliidae Cutler & Gibbs, 1985] | `-- Themsitidae Cutler & Gibbs, 1985 `--o Phascolosomatidea Cutler & Gibbs, 1985 [Phascolosomida Cutler & Gibbs, 1985] |--o Phascolosomatiformes Cutler & Gibbs, 1985 [Phascolosomaformes Cutler & Gibbs, 1985] | `-- Phascolosomatidae Stephen & Edmonds, 1972 `--o Aspidosiphoniformes Cutler & Gibbs, 1985 `-- Aspidosiphonidae Baird, 1868
Alternative (older) taxonomy after Parker, 1982
<==o Sipuncula Rafinesque, 1814 [Sipunculoidea] (ruiskumadot) |-- Aspidosiphonidae |-- Golfingiidae |-- Phascolosomatidae `-- Sipunculidae
Reference(s):
- Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company - Cutler, E. B., 2007–: Sipuncula Taxa with Synonyms.
iNet: http://www.mcz.harvard.edu/Departments/InvertZoo/as.fldr/cutler/siptaxa.htm
[based on: Cutler, E. B. 1994: The Sipuncula – Their systematics, biology, and evolution.
–Cornell University Press, 512 East State St., Ithaca, NY 14850, USA]
Special thanks to:
Jos H. M. Dols, for gathering taxonomic information and species of these animals.