Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Diplopoda – centipedes

After Parker, 1982, Wilson & Anderson, 2004, Wilson & Hannibal, 2005, Wilson, 2006, and Shear & Edgecombe, 2010

<==o Diplopoda Blainville, in Cervais, 1844 (centipedes; kaksoisjalkaiset)
   |?- †Eileticus anthracinus Scudder, 1882
   |--o Penicillata [Pselaphognatha]
   |  `-- Polyxenida
   `--o Chilognatha Latreille, 1802-03
      |--o †Arthropleuridea Waterlot, 1934
      |  |--o †Eoarthropleura Størmer, 1976 [Eoarthropleuridea Shear & Selden, 1995: Eoarthropleuridae Størmer, 1976]
      |  |  |-- †E. ludfordensis
      |  |  `== other 2 species
      |  `--o †Arthropleura Meyer, 1853 [Arthropleuridae Zittel, 1848]
      |     |-- †A. armata Meyer, 1853 [incl.? Arthropleura moyseyi Calman, 1914]
      |     |-- †A. britannica Andrée, 1910
      |     |-- †A. cristata Richardson, 1959
      |     |-- †A. maillieuxi Pruvost, 1930
      |     `-- †A. mammata (Salter, 1863)
      `--+-- †Microdecemplex [Microdecemplicida]
         `--+--+?-o †Zosterogrammida Wilson, 2005
            |  |  `--o †Zosterogrammidae Wilson, 2005
            |  |     |-- †Zosterogrammus stichostethus Wilson, 2005
            |  |     |-- †Casiogrammus ichthyeros Wilson, 2005
            |  |     `-- †Purkynia lata Fritsch, 1899b [Purkynia lata Fritsch, 1899a (nomen nudum); Purkynia lata Fritsch, 1899b; Purkynia lata Fritsch; Wilson, 2005]
            |  `-- Pentazonia
            `--+-- †Archipolypoda Scudder, 1882 [Macrosterni Fritsch, 1899; Palaeocoxopleura Verhoeff, 1928]
               `--o Helminthomorpha Pocock, 1887
                  |--o †Pleurojulida Schneider & Werneburg, 1998 sensu Wilson & Hannibal, 2005 [Eurysterna Verhoeff, 1926 (in partim)]
                  |  `--o †Pleurojulidae Schneider & Werneburg, 1998
                  |     |--o †Pleurojulus Fritsch, 1899 [Pleuroiulus Verhoeff, 1910-14; Verhoeff, 1926-28; Laurentiaux, 1953]
                  |     |  |-- †P. biornatus Fritsch, 1899 sensu Hoffman, 1969
                  |     |  |-- †P. levis Fritsch, 1899
                  |     |  `-- †P. sp. cf. P. biornatus Fritsch, 1899 [Mazon Creek Fm., NA.]
                  |     `--o †Isojulus Fritsch, 1899 [Isoiulus Verhoeff, 1910-14; Laurentiaux, 1953]
                  |        `-- †I. constans Fritsch, 1899 sensu Hoffman, 1969
                  `--+--o Colobognatha [paraphyletic??]
                     |  |--o Ommatophora
                     |  |  `-- Polyzoniida
                     |  `--o Typhlogena
                     |     |-- Siphonophorida
                     |     `-- Platydesmida
                     `--o Eugnatha
                        |--+-- Polydesmida [Merocheta]
                        |  `--o Nematophora
                        |     |?- †Hexecontasoma carinatum Hannibal, 2000
                        |     |--o Monocheta Cook, 1895
                        |     |  `-- Stemmiulida Pocock, 1894
                        |     `--o Coelocheta
                        |        |-- Callipodida
                        |        `-- Chordeumatida
                        `--o Diplocheta
                           |?- Siphoniulus [Siphoniulida: Siphoniulidae] [not recognized by Wilson, 2006]
                           `--o Juliformia Attems, 1926
                              |?-o †Xyloiuloidea Cook, 1895 sensu Wilson, 2006
                              |  |--o †Xyloiulidae Cook, 1895
                              |  |  `-- †Xyloiulus Cook, 1895 [non Xylobius Dawson, 1860, preoccupied [Insecta: Coleoptera]]
                              |  |--o †Nyraniidae Hoffman, 1969
                              |  |  `-- †Nyranius Hoffman, 1969; U.Carb. ENA.
                              |  |--o †Plagiascetidae Hoffman, 1969
                              |  |  `-- †Plagiascetus lateralis Hoffman, 1969
                              |  `--o †Gaspestriidae Wilson, 2006
                              |     |-- †Gaspestria genselorum Wilson, 2006; L.Dev. ENA.
                              |     `-- †Sigmastria  dilata Wilson, 2006; L.Dev. WEu.
                              |-- Spirostreptida
                              |-- Spirobolida [Anocheta]
                              `-- Julida

<==o Diplopoda
   |--o Penicillata
   |  `-- Polyxenida
   `--+--o Pentazonia
      |  |-- Glomeridesmida
      |  `--+-- Glomerida
      |     `-- Sphaerotheriida
      `--o Helminthomorpha
         |--o Colobognatha
         |  |-- Platydesmida
         |  |-- Siphonocryptida
         |  |-- Polyzoniida
         |  `-- Siphonophorida
         `--o Eugnatha
            |?- Siphoniulida
            |--o Merochaeta
            |  `-- Polydesmiida
            |--o Nematophora
            |  |-- Chordeumatida
            |  |-- Callipodida
            |  `-- Stemmiulida
            `--o Juliformia
               |-- Spirosteptida
               |-- Spirobolida
               `-- Julida

<==o Diplopoda
   |--o Penicillata
   |  `-- Polyxenida
   `--+--o Pentazonia
      |  |-- Glomeridesmida
      |  `--+-- Glomerida
      |     `-- Sphaerotheriida
      `--o Helminthomorpha
         |--o Colobognatha
         |  |-- Platydesmida
         |  |-- Polyzoniida
         |  `-- Siphonophorida
         `--o Eugnatha
            |--o Juliformia
            |  |-- Spirosteptida
            |  `--+-- Spirobolida
            |     `-- Julida
            `--+--o Merochaeta
               |  `-- Polydesmiida
               `--o Nematophora
                  |-- Stemmiulida
                  `--+-- Callipodida
                     `-- Chordeumatida

<==o Diplopoda
   |--o Penicillata
   |  `-- Polyxenida
   `--+--o Pentazonia
      |  |-- Sphaerotheriida
      |  `--+-- Glomerida
      |     `-- Glomeridesmida
      `--o Helminthomorpha
         |-- Siphoniulida
         |--+--o Nematophora
         |  |  |-- Callipodida
         |  |  `-- Chordeumatida
         |  `--o Juliformia
         |     |-- Spirobolida
         |     `--+-- Spirosteptida
         |        `-- Julida
         `--+--o Merochaeta
            |  `-- Polydesmiida
            `--o Colobognatha
               |-- Polyzoniida
               `--+-- Siphonophorida
                  `--+-- Siphonocryptida
                     `-- Platydesmida

<==o Diplopoda
   |--o Penicillata
   |  `-- Polyxenida
   `--o Chilognatha
      |?- †Zosterogrammida
      |--o †Arthropleurida
      |  |-- †Microdecemplicida
      |  |-- †Eoarthropleurida
      |  `-- †Arthropleurida
      `--+--o Pentazonia
         |  |-- Sphaerotheriida
         |  `--+-- Glomerida
         |     `-- Glomeridesmida
         `--o Helminthomorpha
            |--o †Archipolypoda
            |  |-- †Cowiedesmida
            |  |-- †Euphoberiida
            |  `-- †Archidesmida
            `--+-- †Pleurojulida
               |-- Colobognatha
               `--o Eugnatha
                  |-- Juliformia
                  `--+-- Merochaeta
                     `-- Nematophora

Reference(s):

• Shear, W. A. & Edgecombe, G. D., 2010: The geological record and phylogeny of the Myriapoda.
  –Arthropod Structure & Development: Vol. 39, #2–3, pp. 174-190 [doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2009.11.002]
• Enghoff, H. & Desmond Kime, R., 2004: Order Julida [updated: 2005-03-07]
  –iNet: Fauna Europaea Version 1.2: http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=11583
• Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 6: Selkärangattomat.
  –Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
  Original work [in French]: Beaut, Du Monde Animal XI & XII Invertébrés.
  –Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968.
• Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
  –McGrew-Hill Book Company
• Wilson, H. M., 2005: Zosterogrammida, a new order of millipedes from the middle Silurian of Scotland and the upper Carboniferous of Euramerica.
  –Palaeontology: Vol. 48, #5, pp. 1101-1110
• Wilson, H. M., 2006: Juliformian millipedes from the Lower Devonian of Euramerica: implications for the timing of millipede cladogenesis in the Paleozoic.
  –Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 80, #4, pp. 638-649
• Wilson, H. M. & Anderson, L. I., 2004: Morphology and taxonomy of Paleozoic millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Archipolypoda) from Scotland.
  –Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 78, #1, pp. 169-184
• Wilson, H. M. & Hannibal, J. T., 2005: Taxonomy and trunk-ring architecture of pleurojulid millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Pleurojulida) from the Pennsylvanian of Europe and North America.
  –Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 79, #6, pp. 1105-1119