Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Neosuchia – modern crocodiles and their closest fossil relatives

After Clark, 1994, Wu, Russell & Cumbaa, 2001, Rogers, 2003, and Holliday & Gardner, 2012

Family -level taxonomy of all crocodylomorphs [Crocodylia sensu lato]

Alternative phylogeny of Neosuchia [Metasuchia sensu stricto] after Sereno, Larsson, Sidor & Gado, 2001.

<==o Neosuchia Benton & Clark, 1988
   |?- †Deltasuchus motherali dams, Noto & Drumheller, 2017; L.Cret. SWNAm.
   |--o †Peirosauridae Gasparini, 1981 [advanced crocodyliforms sensu Ortega, Gasparini, Buscalioni & Calvo, 2000, and Turner & Calvo, 2005]
   |  |-- †Peirosaurus torminni Price, 1955
   |  |-- †Lomasuchus palpebrosus Casparini, Chiappe & Fernandez, 1991
   |  |-- †Uberabasuchus terrificus Carvalho, Ribeiro & Avilla, 2004; U.cret. ESAm.
   |  |-- †Moltealtosuchus arrudacamposi Carvalho, Vasconcellos & Tavares, 2007; L.Cret. ESAm.
   |  `-- †Gasparinisuchus peirosauroides Martinelli, Sertich, Garrido & Praderio, 2012 [Peirosaurus torminni Casparini, 1982; Casparini, Chiappe & Fernandez, 1991], L.Cret. SESAm.
   `--+-- †Comahuesuchus brachibuccalis Bonaparte, 1991 [is a ziphosuchine? (Tykoski, Rowe, Ketcham & Colbert, M. W., 2002)]
      |-- †Itasuchus jesuinoi Price, 1955
      |-- †Atoposauridae Broili, 1932? sensu Buscalioni & Sanz, 1988
      `--+--o †Tethysuchia Buffetaut, 1982 [Pholidosauridae + Dyrosauridae + Elosuchidae]
         |  |-- †Eutretauranosuchus delfsi (Mook, 1967) Mook, 1967 [is a goniopholidid? (Tykoski, T. B. Rowe, Ketcham & M. W. Colbert, 2002)]
         |  `--+?-o †Tethysuchia Buffetaut, 1982 sensu stricto?
         |     |  |-- †Dyrosauridae de Stefano, 1903
         |     |  `--o †Elosuchidae de Lapparent de Broin, 2003
         |     |     |--o †Elosuchidae de Lapparent de Broin, 2003 sensu De Andrade, Edmonds, Benton & Schouten, 2011
         |     |     |  |-- †Vectisuchus leptognathus Buffetaut & Hutt, 1980 
         |     |     |  |?- †Stolokrosuchus lapparenti Larsson & Godo, 2000
         |     |     |  `--o †Elosuchus de Lapparent de Broin, 2003
         |     |     |     |-- †E. cherifiensis (Lavocat, 1955) [Thoracosaurus cherifiensis Lavocat, 1955; "Eleiosuchus africanus" Broin, 1965 (nomen nudum)]
         |     |     |     `-- †E. felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2003
         |     |     `--+--o †Sarcosuchus Broin & Taquet, 1966
         |     |        |  |-- †S. imperator Broin & Taquet, 1966
         |     |        |  `-- †S. hartii (Marsh, 1869) Broin & Taquet, 1966 [Crocodilus hartii Marsh, 1869; “Goniopholis” hartti (Marsh, 1869) Mawson & Woodward,1907]
         |     |        `--o †Terminonaris Osborn, 1904 [Teleorhinus]
         |     |           |-- †T. robusta Mook, 1934 [Terminonaris robustus; Teleorhinus robusta; Teleorhinus robustus; Teleorhinus mesabiensis Erickson, 1969]
         |     |           |-- †T. sp. cf. T. browni 
         |     |           `-- †T. browni (Osborn, 1904) [Teleorhinus]
         |     `--+--o †Pholidosauridae Zittel & Eastman, 1902
         |        |  |?-o †Anglosuchus Mook, 1942
         |        |  |  |-- †A. geoffroyi (Owen, 1884) [Steneosaurus geoffroyi Owen, 1884] (type)
         |        |  |  `-- †A. laticeps (Owen, 1884) [Steneosaurus laticeps Owen, 1884]
         |        |  |?- †Crocodilaemus robustus Jourdan, 1857
         |        |  |?- †Meridiosaurus vallisparadisi Mones, 1980
         |        |  |?- †Peipehsuchus teleorhinus Young, 1948
         |        |  |?- †“Narynsuchus freganensis” Nesov, 1990 [nomen nudum]
         |        |  |?- †Oceanosuchus boecensis Hua, Buffetaut, Legall & Rogron, 2007
         |        |  `--o †Pholidosaurus Meyer, 1841 [Macrorhynchus Dunker, 1844; Petrosuchus Owen, 1878]
         |        |     |-- †P. schauburgensis Meyer, 1841 (non? Koken, 1887)
         |        |     |-- †P. meyeri (Dunker, 1843-44) Lydekker, 1887 (Macrorhynchus meyeri Dunker, 1843-44)
         |        |     |?- †P. laevis (1913)
         |        |     |?- †P. laevidens (Owen, 1878) [Petrosuchus laevidens Owen, 1878]
         |        |     `-- †P. purbeckensis () Salisbury, 2002 [Steneosaurus purbeckensis; Pholidosaurus decipiens]
         |        `--o †Thalattosuchia Fraas, 1901 sensu Young et al., 2012 (sea crocodiles; merikrokotiilit)
         |           |-- †Teleosauridae [Mystriosauridae Fitzinger, 1843; Steneosauridae Owen, 1843] [Teleosauroidea Geoffroy, 1831 sensu Young & de Andrade, 2009]
         |           `--o Metriorhynchoidea Fitzinger, 1843 sensu Young & de Andrade, 2009
         |              |-- †Pelagosuchus typus Bronn, 1841 [Pelagosaurus lapsus calami??]
         |              `--+-- †Teleidosaurus calvadosi (J.A. Deslongchamps, 1866) E. Deslongchamps, 1896 [Teleosaurus calvadosi J.A. Deslongchamps, 1866; Teleidosaurus joberti J.A. Deslongchamps, 1869]
         |                 `--+--o †Eoneustes Young, Brusatte, Ruta & de Andrade, 2010
         |                    |  |-- †E. bathonicus (Mercier, 1933) [Metriorhynchus bathonicus Mercier, 1933; ?Machimosaurus bathonicus]
         |                    |  `-- †E. gaudryi (Collot, 1905) [Teleidosaurus gaudryi Collot, 1906; Metriorhynchus gaudryi (Collot, 1906) Mercier, 1933]
         |                    `-- †Metriorhynchidae Fitzinger, 1843
         `--+-- †Goniopholididae Cope, 1875
            `--+--o †Stomatosuchidae Stromer, 1925 sensu Holliday & Gardner, 2012
               |  |-- †Stomatosuchus inermis Stromer, 1925; L.Cret. NEAf.
               |  |?- ?†Chiayusuchus cingulatus Bohlin, 1953; E.Cret. EAs.
               |  `--o †Laganosuchus Sereno & Lasson, 2009; L.Cret. WNAf.
               |     |-- †L. thaumastos Sereno & Lasson, 2009
               |     `-- †L. maghrebensis Sereno & Lasson, 2009
               `--+--o †Bernissartiidae Dollo, 1883
                  |  |-- †Bernissartia fagesii Dollo, 1883
                  |  `-- †Koumpiodontosuchus aprosdokiti Sweetman, Pedreira-Segade & Vidovic, 2015 [published online 2014]
                  `--+-- “Las Hoyas neosuchi”
                     |-- †Gilchristosuchus palatinus Wu & Brinkman, 1993
                     |-- †Rugosuchus nongenensis Wu, Cheng & Russell, 2001
                     |-- †Susisuchus anatoceps Salisbury, Frey, Martill, Buchy, 2003; L.Cret. ESAm.
                     |?- †Paralligatoridae Konzhukova, 1954
                     `-- Eusuchia Huxley, 1875 (nykykrokotiilit)

Alternative Phylogenies of Neosuchia

<==o Neosuchia
   |--o †Atoposauridae
   |  `-- †Theriosuchus
   `--+--+-- †Rugosuchus
      |  `--+-- †Bernissartia
      |     `-- Eusuchia
      `--+-- †Stolokrosuchus
         `--+-- †Goniopholididae
            `--+-- †Thalattosuchia
               `--o †Tethysuchia
                  `==o †Pholidosauridae
                     |--+-- †Sarcosuchus
                     |  `--o †Elosuchidae
                     |     |-- †Vectisuchus
                     |     `-- †Elosuchus
                     `--+-- †Pholidosaurus
                        `-- †Dyrosauridae

<==o Metasuchia sensu Sereno, Larsson, Sidor & Gado, 2001
   |?- †Itasuchus
   |?- †Uruguaysuchus [Uruguaysuchidae Gasparini, 1981]
   |--o †Notosuchia
   |  |-- †Comahuesuchidae Bonaparte, 1991
   |  `--+-- †Simosuchus
   |     `--+-- †Araripesuchus
   |        `-- †Ziphosuchia sensu Ortega, Gasparini, Buscalioni & Calvo, 2000
   `--+-- †Atoposauridae
      `--+-- †Peirosauridae Gasparini, 1982 sensu Sereno, Larsson, Sidor & Gado, 2001, and Sereno, Sidor, Larsson & Gado, 2003
         `--o Neosuchia sensu Sereno, Larsson, Sidor & Gado, 2001 (modernit krokotiilit)
            |--o †Tethysuchia
            |  |?- †Eutretauranosuchus
            |  `--+-- †Goniopholididae
            |     `--+-- †Pholidosauridae
            |        `--+-- †Dyrosauridae
            |           `--+-- †Sarcosuchus
            |              `-- †Terminonaris Osborn, 1904 [Teleorhinus]
            `--+-- †Bernissartia [Bernissartiidae]
               `--+-- "Las Hoyas neosuchi"
                  |-- †Gilchristosuchus
                  |?- †Paralligatoridae Konzhukova, 1954
                  `-- Eusuchia Huxley, 1875 (nykykrokotiilit)

Reference(s):

• Adams, T. L., Noto, C. R. & Drumheller, S. K., 2017: A Large Neosuchian Crocodyliform from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Woodbine Formation of North Texas.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 37, #4, Art.nr. e1349776 [doi: 10.1080/02724634.2017.1349776]
• Averianov, A. O., 2000: Sunosuchus sp. (Crocodylomorpha, Goniopholidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Kirghisia.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #4, pp. 776-779
• Buscalioni, A. D. & Sanz, J. L., 1990: Montsecosuchus depereti (Crocodylomorpha, Atoposauridae), new denomination for Alligatorium depereti Vidal, 1915 (Early Cretaceous, Spain): Redescription and phylogenetic relationships.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 10, #2, pp. 244-254
• Brochu, C. A. 1997: A review of “Leidyosuchus” (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia) from the Cretaceous through Eocene of North America.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: vol. 17, #4, pp. 679-697
• Brochu, C. A., Bouaré, M. L., Sissoko, F., Roberts, E. M. & O'Leary, M. A., 2002: A dyrosaurid crocodyliform brancase from Mali.
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• Carvalho, I. d. S., Ribeiro, L. C. B. & Avilla, L. d. S., 2004: Uberabasuchus terrificus sp. nov., a new Crocodylomorpha from the Bauru Basin (Upper Cretaceous), Brazil.
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• Carvalho, I. d. S., Vasconcellos, F. M. d. & Tavares, S. A. S., 2007: Moltealtosuchus arrudacamposi, a new peirosaurid crocodile (Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of Brazil.
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• Clark, J. M. 1994: Patterns of evolution in Mesozoic Crocodyliformes. 84-97
  in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
  –Cambridge University Press, New York, 1994
• Hua, S. & de Buffrénil, V., 1996: Bone histology as a clue in the interpretation of functional adaptations in the Thalattosuchia (Reptilia, Crocodylia).
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #4, pp. 703-717
• Hua, S., Buffetaut, E., Legall, C. & Rogron, P., 2007: Oceanosuchus boecensis n. gen, n. sp., a marine pholidosaurid (Crocodylia, Mesosuchia) from the Lower Cenomanian of Normandy (western France).
  –Bulletin de la Société Geologique de France: Vol. 178, #6, pp. 503-513 [doi: 10.2113/gssgfbull.178.6.503]
• Holliday, C. M. & Gardner, N. M., 2012: A New Eusuchian Crocodyliform with Novel Cranial Integument and Its Significance for the Origin and Evolution of Crocodylia.
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• de Lapparent de Broin, F., 2003: Elosuchus, a new genus of crocodile from the Lower Cretaceous of the North of Africa.
  –Comptes Rendus Palevol: Vol. 2, #2, pp. 275-285
• Lauprasert, K., Laojumpon, C., Saenphala, W., Cuny, G., Thirakhupt, K. & Suteethorn, V., 2010: Atoposaurid crocodyliforms from the Khorat group of Thailand: first record of Theriosuchus from Southeast Asia.
  –Paläontologische Zeitschrift: in press [doi:10.1007/s12542-010-0071-z]
• Martin, J. E., Rabi, M. & Csiki, Z., 2010: Survival of Theriosuchus (Mesoeucrocodylia: Atoposauridae) in a Late Cretaceous archipelago: a new species from the Maastrichtian of Romania.
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• Martinelli, A. G., Sertich, J. J. W., Garrido, A. C. & Praderio, Á. M., 2012: A new peirosaurid from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina: Implications for specimens referred to Peirosaurus torminni Price (Crocodyliformes: Peirosauridae).
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• Ortega, F., Gasparini, Z., Buscalioni, A. D. & Calvo, J. O., 2000: A new species of Araripesuchus (Crocodylomorpha: Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Lower Cretaceous of Patagonia (Argentina).
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #1, pp. 57-76
• Rogers II, J. V., 2003: Pachycheilosuchus trinquei, a new procoelous crocodyliform from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Glen Rose Formation of Texas.
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• Sereno, P. C., Larsson, H. C. E., Sidor, C. A. & Gado, B., 2001: The giant crocodyliform Sarcosuchus from the Cretaceous of Africa.
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• Storrs, G. W. & Efimov, M. B., 2000: Mesozoic crocodyliforms of north-central Eurasia. 402-419
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• Sweetman, S. C., Pedreira-Segade, U. & Vidovic, S. U., 2015: A New Bernissartiid Crocodyliform from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation (Wealden Group, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, Southern England.
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• Wu, X.-C. & Brinkman, D. B., 1993: A new crocodylomorph of “mesosuchian” grade from the Upper Cretaceous Upper Milk River Formation, southern Alberta.
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• Wu, X.-C., Russell, A. P. & Cumbaa, S. L., 2001: Terminonaris (Archosauria: Crocodyliformes): New material from Saskatchewan, Canada, and comments on its phylogenetic relationships.
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