After Haas, 2003 with species from Frost, 2000-2002 [“AMNH Amphibian species of the World”]
<==o Neobatrachia Reig, 1958 (“higher” frogs; uussammakot) |-- Limnodynastidae [Myobatrachidae: Limnodynastinae] `--+-- Centrolenidae (lasisammakot) [AMNH: 3/133] [paraphyletic "Hylioidea"] `--+--+-- Ceratophryidae sensu Haas, 2003 [Leptodactylidae: Ceratophryinae] (sarvikonnat, sarvisammakot) [6/39] | `--o Hylidae sensu Haas, 2003 [paraphyletic] (lehtisammakot) | |?- †Proacris | |== Pelodryadinae [AMNH: 3/154] [paraphyletic sensu Haas, 2003] | `--+-- Phyllomedusinae [AMNH: 6/49] | `--+== Hylinae Gray, 1825 sensu Haas, 2003 [AMNH: 25/520] [paraphyletic] | `--o Pseudinae [Pseudidae] (harlekiinisammakot) [2/9] | |--o Lysapsus | | |?- L. mantidactylus | | |-- L. caraya | | |-- L. laevis | | `-- L. limellus [L. limellum] | `--o Pseudis | |-- P. bolbodactyla | |-- P. cardosoi | |-- P. fusca | |-- P. minuta | |-- P. paradoxa (paradoksisammakko) | `-- P. tocantins `--+-- Ranidae sensu stricto [Ranidae: Raninae] (aitosammakot) [31/598] `--+--+-- Hemiphractinae (marsupial frogs) [M: 5/68] [AMNH: 5/82] | `--+-- Rhacophoridae [Philautinae, Buergeriinae & Rhacophorinae] (melasammakot) | `--+-- Microhylidae (ahdassuusammakot) [Frost: 67/351] | `--o Hyperoliidae (ruokosammakot) [Frost: 20/236] | |-- Hyperoliinae [Frost: 13/167] | |-- Kassininae [Frost: 5/19] | |--o Leptopelinae [Frost: 1/49] | | `-- Leptopelis [49] | `--o Tachycneminae | `-- Tachycnemis seychellensis `--o Leptodactylidae (viheltäjäsammakot) [sensu Haas, 2003 (paraphyletic)] |?- †Eusophus |?- †Thaumastosaurus bottii de Stefano, 1903 |?- †Eorubeta Hecht, 1960 |?- †Eophractus casamayorensis Schaeffer, 1949 |?- †Baurubatrachus pricei Báez & Perí, 1989 |?- Telmatobiinae [Eleutherodactylinae] (viheltäjäsammakot) [30/831] |?- other Leptodactylines not treated by Haas, 2003 |--+-- Leptodactylus [Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae:] | `--o Odontophrynus | |-- O. achalensis | |-- O. americanus | |-- O. barrioi | |-- O. carvalhoi | |-- O. cultripes | |-- O. lavillai | |-- O. moratoi | |-- O. occidentalis | `-- O. salvatori `--+-- Physalaemus [41] [Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae:] `--+-- Bufonidae (konnat; toads) [AMNH: 33/426] `--+--o Pleurodema [12] | |-- P. bibroni | |-- P. borellii | |-- P. brachyops | |-- P. bufonina | |-- P. cinerea | |-- P. diplolistris | |-- P. guayapae | |-- P. kriegi | |-- P. marmorata | |-- P. nebulosa | |-- P. thaul | `-- P. tucumana `--+-- Hylodinae [3/32] `-- Dendrobatidae (nuolimyrkkysammakot) [Frost: 7/182]
Neobatrachia not treated by Haas, 2003
Allophrynidae Allophryne ruthveni Rhinodermatidae Rhinoderma [] R. darwinii (darwininsammakko) R. rufum Brachycephalidae Günther, 1858 (kultakonnat) [2/5] Brachycephalus Fitzinger, 1826 B. ephippium (kultakonna, satulasammakko) B. nodoterga B. pernix Psyllophryne [2] P. didactyla P. hermogenesi Myobatrachidae [Leptodactylidae: Myobatrachinae; Myobatrachidae: Myobatrachinae] Sooglossidae [Sooglossinae] Nesomantis thomasseti Sooglossus S. gardineri S. sechellensis Hemisotidae Hemisus H. brachydactylus H. guineensis H. guttatus H. microscaphus H. olivaceus H. perreti H. sudanensis H. wittei Arthroleptidae [Frost: 7/76] Astylosterninae [Astylosternidae] (karvasammakot) [Frost: 4/26] Arthroleptinae [Arthroleptidae] [Frost: 3/50] Petropedetidae [Ranidae: Petropedetinae] [13/98] Mantellidae [Ranidae: Mantellinae; Rhacophoridae: Mantellinae]
Reference(s):
- Cannatella, D., Ford, L. & Bockstanz, L., 1995-2003: Salientia - Frogs and toads.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Salientia&contgroup=Living_amphibians - Cannatella, D., Ford, L. & Bockstanz, L., 1995-2003:
Neobatrachia - “Higher” Frogs.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/treetree?group=Neobatrachia&contgroup=Salientia - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Haas, A., 2003: Phylogeny of frogs as inferred from primary larval characters (Amphibia: Anura).
–Cladistics: Vol. 19, #1, pp. 23-89 - Rocèk, Z. & Lamaud, P., 1995: Thaumastosaurus bottii de Stefano, 1903, an anuran with Gondwanan affinities from the Eocene of Europe.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 15, #3, pp. 506-515