After McKenna & Bell, 1997
<==o †Pantolesta McKenna, 1975 [taxonomic history] |--o †Simidectes Stock, 1933 [taxonomic history] M.Eoc. NA. | |-- †S. magnus (Peterson, 1919) [taxonomic history] | |-- †S. medius (Peterson, 1919) [taxonomic history] | `-- †S. merriami (Stock, 1933b) [taxonomic history] |-- †Pantolestidae Cope, 1884 [taxonomic history] `--+--o ?†Paroxyclaenidae [formerly root-ungulates] | |?- †Dulcidon gandaensis [a dichobunid??] | |--o †Paroxyclaeninae Weitzel, 1933 | | |?- †Kiinkerishella zaysanica Gabunia & Birjukov, 1978; Eoc. As. [Paroxyclaenidae incertae sedis (McKenna & Bell, 1997)] | | |--o †Paroxyclaenus Teilhard de Chardin, 1922; ?L.-U.Eoc. Eu. | | | `-- †P. lemuroides | | |-- †Spaniella Crusafont Pairó & D.E. Russell, 1967; L.Eoc. Eu. | | |--o †Vulpavoides Matthes, 1952 [incl.? Pugiodens??; †Russellites Van Valen, 1965] M.Eoc. Eu. | | | |-- †E. simplicidens (van Valen, 1965) | | | `-- †E. vanvaleni | | |-- †Pugiodens Matthes, 1952 [=? Vulpavoides] M.Eoc. Eu. | | `--o †Kopidodon Weitzel, 1933; M.Eoc. Eu. | | `-- †K. macrognathus | `--o †Merialinae D.E. Russell & Godinot, 1988 | |?- †Oboia argillaceus Gabunia, 1989; L.Olig. As. [Pantolestidae: Pantolestinae sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997] | |-- †Merialus martinae D.E. Russell & Godinot, 1988; L.Eoc. Eu. | `-- †Euhookeria hopwoodi (Cray, 1973) D.E. Russell & Godinot, 1988; U.Eoc. Eu. `?-o †Ptolemaiidae Osborn, 1908; U. Eoc. NEAf. [recently treated as basal Afrotherians] |-- †Qarunavus meyeri Simons & Gingerich, 1974; U.Eoc. NEAf. |--o †Cleopatrodon Bown & Simons, 1987; U. Eoc. NEAf. | |-- †C. ayeshae Bown & Simons, 1987 | `-- †C. major Bown & Simons, 1987 `--o †Ptolemaia Osborn, 1908 [non †Ptolemaia McCutcheon & Wilson, 1961, a fossil rugose coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: †Rugosa)]; U. Eoc. NEAf. |-- †P. lyonsi Osborn, 1908 `-- †P. grangeri Bown & Simons, 1987
Reference(s):
- Bown, T. M. & Simons, E. L., 1987: New Oligocene Ptolemaiidae (Mammalia: ?Pantolesta) from the Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum Depression, Egypt.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 7, #3, pp. 311-324 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Gazin, C. L., 1976: Mammalian faunal zones of the Bridger Middle Eocene.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: No. 26, pp. iv-25 - Lucas, S. G., 2000: Eocene pantolestids from the Zaysan Basin, Kazakstan.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #3, suppl. to #3, 54A - McCutcheon, V. A. & Wilson, E. C., 1961: Ptolemaia, a new colonial rugose coral from the lower Permian of eastern Nevada and western Russia.
–Journal of Paleontology; Vol. 35; #5, pp. 1020-1028 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Thewissen, J. G. M., Williams, E. M. & Hussain, S. T., 2001: Eocene mammals faunas from Northern Indo-Pakistan.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #2, pp. 347-366 - Zonneveld, J.-P., Gunnell, G. F. & Bartels, W. S., 2000: Early Eocene fossil vertebrates from the southwestern Green River basin, Lincoln and Uinta Counties, Wyoming.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #2, pp. 369-386