After Baez & Pugener, 1998, Henrici & Báez, 2001, “The Tree of Life”, and Báez & Harrison, 2005, with Recent species from Frost, 2000-2002 [AMNH Amphibian species of the World]
<==o Pipidae Gray, 1825 [taxonomic history] (kielettömät sammakot) |--o Pipinomorpha Báez & Pugener, 2003 | |-- †Eoxenopoides reuningi | `--+-- †Vulcanobatrachus mandelai Trueb, Ross & Smith, 2005; U.Cret. SAf. | `--o Pipinae Gray, 1825 | |--o Pipa Laurenti, 1768 (kennokonnat) [Pipini Gray, 1825] | | |-- P. arrabali | | |-- P. aspera | | |-- P. carvalhoi | | |-- P. myersi | | |-- P. parva | | |-- P. pipa (kennokonna) | | `-- P. snethlageae | `--o Hymenochirini Bolkay, 1919 sensu lato | |--+-- †Pachybatrachus | | `-- †Singidella latecostata Báez & Harrison, 2005 [Pipinae genera et species indet. (Báez, 2000)] | `--o Hymenochirini Bolkay, 1919 sensu Henrici & Báez, 2001 | |-- Pseudhymenochirus merlini Chabanaud, 1920 | `--o Hymenochirus Boulenger, 1896 (pikkukynsisammakot) | |-- H. boettgeri | |-- H. boulengeri | |-- H. curtipes | `-- H. feae `--o Xenopodinomorpha Fitzinger, 1843 sensu Báez & Pugener, 2003 [Dactylethrinae Hogg, 1838] |-- †Saltenia `--+-- †Shelania pascuali Casamiquela, 1960; Pal. SA. [†“Xenopus” pascuali] `--+--+-- †“Xenopus” romeri Pal. SA. | |-- †“Shelania” laurenti Baez & Pugener, 1998 | `-- †Llankibatrachus `--o Xenopodini Fitzinger, 1843 [Xenopodinae Fitzinger, 1843] (isokynsisammakot) |--o Silurana Gray, 1864 | |-- S. tropicalis | `-- S. epitropicalis `--o Xenopus Wagler, 1827 (kynsisammakot) |?- †X. arabiensis U. Olig. SWAs. |?- †X. stromeri L. Mioc. SWAf. |?- X. amieti |?- X. andrei |?- X. boiei Wagler, 1827 |?- X. borealis |?- X. boumbaensis |?- X. clivii |?- X. gilli |?- X. largeni |?- X. pygmaeus |?- X. ruwenzoriensis |--o X. longipes -group | `-- X. longipes |--o X. vestitus-wittei -group | |-- X. vestitus | `-- X. wittei |--o X. fraseri -group | `-- X. fraseri |--o X. Mülleri -group | `-- X. Mülleri `--o X. laevis -group `-- X. laevis (kynsisammakko)
Reference(s):
- Báez, A. M., 2000: An Eocene pipine from North-Central Tanzania.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #3, suppl. to #3, 28A - Báez, A. M. & Pugener, L. A., 1998: A new Paleocene pipid frog from northwestern Patagonia.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 18, #3, pp. 511-524 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Estes, R. & Sanch´cz, B., 1982: New discoglossid and palaeobatracid frogs from the Late Cretaceous of Wyoming and Montana, and a review of other frogs from the Lance and Hell Creek Formations.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: vol. 2, #1,, pp. 9-20 - Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
–iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html - Henrici, A. C., 1998: A new pipoid anuran from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation at Dinosaur National Monument, Utah.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 18, #2, pp. 321-332 - Henrici, A. C. & Báez, A. M., 2001: First occurrence of Xenopus (Anura: Pipidae) on the Arabian Peninsula: A new species from the Upper Oligocene of Yemen.
–Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 75, #4, pp. 870-882
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree- Trueb, L., Ross, C. F. & Smith, R., 2005: A new pipoid anuran from the Late Cretaceous of South Africa.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 25, #3, pp. 533-547
Báez, A. M. & Harrison, T., 2005: A new pipine frog from an Eocene crater lake in North-Central Tanzania.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 48, #4, pp. 723-737