After Cannatella, Ford & Bockstanz, 1995-2003 ["The Tree of Life"], Frost, 2000, Borsuk-Bialynicka & Evans, 2002, Haas, 2003, and Frost et al, 2006
Salientia Laurenti, 1768 sensu Ford & Cannatella, 1993
Anura Fischer von Waldheim, 1813
Anoures A.M.C. Duméril, 1806
Anuri Fischer von Waldheim, 1813
Anura Rafinesque, 1815
Anura Rafinesque; Ford & Cannatella, 1993
Anura Fischer von Waldheim; Frost et al., 2006
†Notobatrachidae
Prosaliridae
†Vieraellidae
Leiopelmatanura Ford & Cannatella, 1993
Anura Fischer von Waldheim; Frost et al., 2006
Leiopelmatidae Mivart, 1869
Leiopelmatina Mivart, 1869
Leiopelmatidae N.G. Stephenson, 1951
Leiopelmatidae ICZN, 1997; Opinion 1071
including:
Ascaphidae Fejérváry, 1923
Lalagobatrachia Frost et al., 2006
Bombinanura Ford & Cannatella, 1993
Xenoanura Savage, 1973
Xenoanura Savage, 1973
Pipoidea Ford & Cannatella, 1993
Xenoanura Savage; Frost et al., 2006
?†Gobiatidae Rocek and Nesov, 1993
Rhinophrynidae Günther, 1859 “1858”
Rhinophrynina Günther, 1859 “1858”
Rhinophrinidae Günther; Frost et al., 2006
Pipimorpha Ford & Cannatella, 1993
†Palaeobatrachidae Cope, 1865
Pipidae Gray, 1825
Piprina Gray, 1825
Dactylethridae Hogg, 1838
Astrodactylidae Hogg, 1838
Xenopoda Fitzinger, 1843
Hymenochiridae Bolkay, 1919
Siluraninae Cannatella & Trueb, 1988
Pipidae Gray; Frost et al., 2006
Pipinomorpha
Pipini Gray, 1825
Hymenochirini Bolkay, 1919
Xenopodinomorpha Fitzinger, 1843
Dactylethrinae Hogg, 1838
Xenopodini Fitzinger, 1843
Xenopoda Fitzinger, 1843
Xenopodinae Fitzinger, 1843
Sokolanura Frost et al., 2006
Costata Lataste, 1879
Costati Lataste, 1879
Costata Lataste; Stejneger, 1907
Discoglossidae Günther, 1859; Haas, 2003
Costata Lataste; Frost et al., 2006
Alytidae Fitzinger, 1843
Alytae Fitzinger, 1843
Colodactyli Tschudi, 1845
Discoglossidae Günther, 1859
Alytidae Fitzinger; Frost et al., 2006
Bombinatoridae Gray, 1825
Bombinatorina Gray, 1825
Bombinatores Fitzinger, 1843
Bombininae Fejérváry, 1921
Bombinatoridae Gray; Frost et al., 2006
Acosmanura Savage, 1973
Acosmanura Savage, 1973
Acosmanura Savage; Frost et al., 2006
AnomoceolaNicholls, 1916
Anomocoela Nicholls, 1916
Anomocoela Nicholls; Frost et al., 2006
†Eopelobatidae
Eopelobatinae
incl.
Gobiatidae Rocek & Nesov, 1993
Pelodytoidea Bonaparte, 1850
Scaphiopodidae Cope, 1865
Scaphiopodidae Cope, 1865
Scaphiopodidae Cope; Haas, 2003
Scaphiopodidae Cope; Frost et al., 2006
Pelodytidae Bonaparte, 1850
Pelodytina Bonaparte, 1850
Pelodytidae Bonaparte; Frost et al, 2006
Pelobatoidea Bonaparte, 1850
Pelobatidae Bonaparte, 1850
Pelobatidae Bonaparte, 1850
Pelobatidae Bonaparte; Frost et al., 2006
Megophryidae Bonaparte, 1850
Megalophreidina Bonaparte, 1850
Leptobrachiini Dubois, 1980
Oreolalaxinae Myers & Leviton, 1962
Megophryidae Bonaparte; Frost et al., 2006
Neobatrachia Reig, 1958
Reference(s):
- Blob, R. W., Carrano, M. T., Rogers, R. R., Forster, C. A. & Espinosa, N. R., 2001: A new fossil frog from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation of Montana.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #1, pp. 190-194 - Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. & Evans, S. E., 2002:
The scapulocoracoid of an Early Triassic stem-frog from Poland.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 47, #1, pp. 79-96 - Cannatella, D., Ford, L. & Bockstanz, L., 1995-2003: Salientia – Frogs and toads.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Salientia&contgroup=Living_amphibians - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Estes, R. & Sanch´cz, B., 1982: New discoglossid and palaeobatracid frogs from the Late Cretaceous of Wyoming and Montana, and a review of other frogs from the Lance and Hell Creek Formations.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: vol. 2, #1,, pp. 9-20 - Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
–iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html - Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: The amphibian tree of life.
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #297, pp. 1-370 - Gao, K.-Q. & Chen, S., 2004: A new frog (Amphibia: Anura) from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China.
–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 25, pp. 761-769 - Gao, K.-Q. & Wang, Y., 2001: Mesozoic anurans from Liaoning Province, China, and phylogenetic relationships of archaeobatrachian anuran clades.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #3, pp. 460-476 - Haas, A., 2003: Phylogeny of frogs as inferred from primary larval characters (Amphibia: Anura).
–Cladistics: Vol. 19, #1, pp. 23-89 - Jenkins, F. A. Jr. & Shubin, N. H., 1998: Prosalirus bitis and the anuran caudopelvic mechanism.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 18, #3, pp. 495-510 - Shishkin, M. A., 2000: Mezosoic amphibians from Mongolia and the Central Asiatic republics. 297-308
in Benton, M. J., Shishkin, M. A., Unvin, D. M. & Kurochkin, E. N., (eds.) 2000: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000 xxxix-696 - Shubin, N. H. & Jenkins, F. A. Jr., 1995: An Early Jurassic jumping frog.
–Nature: Vol. 377, 7 September, pp. 49-52
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/