After Frost et al., 2006
Alternative phylogeny after Grant et al., 2006
<==o Cycloramphidae Bonaparte, 1850 [taxonomic history] |--o Hylodinae Günther, 1858 [Hylodidae sensu Grant et al., 2006] | |-- Crossodactylus Duméril & Bibron, 1841 | |-- Hylodes Fitzinger, 1826 | `-- Megaelosia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 `--o Cycloramphinae Bonaparte, 1850 |--o Cycloramphini Bonaparte, 1850 | |-- Crossodactylodes Cochran, 1938 | |-- Cycloramphus Tschudi, 1838 | `-- Zachaenus Cope, 1866 `--o Alsodini Mivart, 1869 |-- Alsodes Bell, 1843 |-- Eupsophus Fitzinger, 1843 |-- Hylorina Bell, 1843 |-- Limnomedusa Fitzinger, 1843 |-- Macrogenioglottus Carvalho, 1946 |-- Odontophrynus Reinhardt & Lütken, 1862 “1861” |-- Proceratophrys Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 `-- Rhinoderma Duméril & Bibron, 1841
After Kwet & Faivovich, 2001, and Grant et al., 2006, with species from Frost, 2000-2002 [“AMNH Amphibian species of the World”]
<==o Cycloramphidae Bonaparte, 1850 sensu Grant et al, 2006 [incl. Thoropidae Frost et al., 2006] |--+-- Cycloramphus Tschudi, 1838 | `--o Rhinoderma Duméril & Bibron, 1841 | |-- R. darwinii (darwininsammakko) | `-- R. rufum `--+--o Thoropa Cope, 1865 | |-- T. lutzi | |-- T. megatympanum | |-- T. miliaris | |-- T. petropolitana | `-- T. saxatilis `--+--+-- Hylorina sylvatica Bell, 1843 | `--+--o Alsodes Bell, 1843 | | |-- A. australis | | |-- A. barrioi | | |-- A. gargola | | |-- A. kaweshkari | | |-- A. laevis | | |-- A. montanus | | |-- A. monticola | | |-- A. nodosus | | |-- A. pehuenche | | |-- A. tumultuosus | | |-- A. vanzolinii | | |-- A. verrucosus | | `-- A. vittatus | `--o Eupsophus Fitzinger, 1843 | |-- E. calcaratus | |-- E. contulmoensis | |-- E. emiliopugini | |-- E. insularis | |-- E. migueli | |-- E. nahuelbutensis | |-- E. roseus | `-- E. vertebralis `--+-- Limnomedusa macroglossa Fitzinger, 1843 `--+--o Odontophrynus Reinhardt & Lütken, 1862 “1861” | |-- O. achalensis | |-- O. americanus | |-- O. barrioi | |-- O. carvalhoi | |-- O. cultripes | |-- O. lavillai | |-- O. moratoi | |-- O. occidentalis | `-- O. salvatori `--o Proceratophrys Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 |-- P. appendiculata |-- P. boiei |-- P. concavitympanum |-- P. cristiceps |-- P. cururu |-- P. fryi |-- P. goyana |-- P. laticeps |-- P. melanopogon |-- P. moehringi |-- P. phyllostomus |-- P. schirchi |-- P. subguttata `--o P. bigibbosa Group |-- P. bigibbosa (Peters, 1872) [incl. P. cristinae Braun, 1973] |-- P. brauni Kwet & Faivovich, 2001 |-- P. avelinoi Mercadal de Barrio & Barrio, 1993 `-- P. palustris Giaretta & Sazima, 1993
Taxa not treated by Grant et al. (2006):
Crossodactylodes Cochran, 1938
C. bokermanni
C. izecksohni
C. pintoi
Macrogenioglottus alipioi Carvalho, 1946
Zachaenus Cope, 1866
Z. carvalhoi
Z. parvulus
Z. roseus
Reference(s):
- Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
–iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html - Grant, T., Frost, D. R., Caldwell, J. P., Gagliardo, R., Haddad, C. F. B., Kok, P. J. R., Means, D. B., Noonan, B. P., Schargel, W. E. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae).
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: Vol. #299, pp. 1-262 - Kwet, A. & Faivovich, J., 2001: Proceratophrys bigibbosa species group (Anura: Leptodactylidae), with description of a new species.
–Copeia: Vol. 101, #1, pp. 203-215