After Nelson, 1994, and Chen, Fang & Chang, 2005, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]
Note:
Cyprinidae is one of the largest fish-families, containing over 2200 species. The current taxonomic knowledge of this family is poor or controversial. This presentation is a combination of information found from Nelson (1994) and Fishbase.
Nelson recognized several subfamilies to the family, which are included, these subfamilies are not recogized by FishBase, from which I have obtained the species information, thus all those genera, which are not mentioned in Nelson, had been piled under Cyprinidae, and I can't place them in subfamilies listed by Nelson.
One of the subfamilies, Psilorhynchinae, is recognized as a distict family by the FishBase.
I have recently updated the subfamiliar relationships of cyprinids based on information from Chen et al. (2005), which, inturn, is based on several recent morphological and molecular analysis. I have so far been unable to find a classification using these subfamilies, why this presentation still contains lots of unplaced genera.
<==o Cyprinoidea (carp-like fishes; särjensukuiset) |--o Psilorhynchidae M'Clelland, 1839 [Cyprinidae: Psilorhynchinae] (torrent barbs; koskibarbit) | `--o Psilorhynchus [Psilorhynchoides Nebeshwar, Bagra & Das, 2007] | |-- P. amplicephalus Arunachalam, Muralidharan & Sivakumar, 2007 | |-- P. arunachalensis (Nebeshwar, Bagra & Das, 2007) [Psilorhynchoides arunachalensis Nebeshwar, Bagra & Das, 2007] | |-- P. balitora (Hamilton, 1822) (Balitora minnow) | |-- P. brachyrhynchus Conway & Britz, 2010 | |-- P. breviminor Conway & Mayden, 2008 | |-- P. gokkyi Conway & Britz, 2010 | |-- P. gracilis Rainboth, 1983 (Rainbow minnow) | |-- P. homaloptera Hora & Mukerji, 1935 (Torrent stone carp) | |-- P. melissa Conway & Kottelat, 2010 | |-- P. microphthalmus Vishwanath & Manojkumar, 1995 | |-- P. nepalensis Conway & Mayden, 2008 | |-- P. pavimentatus Conway & Kottelat, 2010 | |-- P. piperatus Conway & Britz, 2010 | |-- P. pseudecheneis Menon & Datta, 1964 [Psilorhynchoides pseudecheneis (Menon & Datta, 1964)] (Nepalese minnow) | |-- P. rahmani Conway & Mayden, 2008 | |-- P. robustus Conway & Kottelat, 2007 | |-- P. sucatio (Hamilton, 1822) (River stone carp) | `-- P. tenura Arunachalam & Muralidharan, 2008 `--o Cyprinidae Bonaparte, 1840 (särkikalat) |-- Cyprininae Bonaparte, 1840 [incl. Schizothoracinae] (karpinsukuiset) `--+--o Tincinae (tincins; suutarinsukuiset) | `--o Tinca [Tarsichthys] Olig. R. Eu. (suutarit) [1 Recent species] | |-- †T. micropygoptera | `-- T. tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) (suutari; Tench) `--+-- Rasborinae [Danioninae] (rasborat) `--+--+-- Gobioninae (törönsukuiset)? | `-- Acheilognathinae (katkerokalat) `--+--+-- Leuciscinae [incl. Abramidinae; Chondrostominae; Hypophthalmichthyinae] (särjensukuiset) | `-- Alburninae (salakansukuiset) `--+-- †Ecocarpia ningmingensis Chen, Fang & Chang, 2005; ?Mioc. SEAs. `--+-- Cultrinae `--o Xenocyprininae |-- †Eoxenocypris liui |--o Xenocypris Plioc. R. As. [4] | |-- X. argentea (Basilewsky, 1855) (Yellowfin) | |-- X. davidi Bleeker, 1871 | |-- X. fangi Tchang, 1930 | `-- X. yunnanensis Nichols, 1925 `--o Xenocyprioides [2] |-- X. carinatus Chen & Huang, 1985 `-- X. parvulus Chen, 1982
After Imoto, Saitoh, Sasaki, Yonezawa, Adachi, Kartavtsev, Miya, Nishida & Hanzawa, 2013
<==o Cyprinidae
|--+-- Labeo batesii [Cyprininae]
| `-- Cyprinus carpio [Cyprininae]
`--+--+-- Zacco sieboldtii [Rasborinae]
| `--+-- Xenocypris argentea [Xenocyprininae]
| `-- Megalobrama terminalis
`--+--+-- Pseudorasbora pumila [Rasborinae]
| `-- Sarcocheilichthys variegatus [Gobioninae]
`--+-- Tinca tinca [Tincinae]
`--+--+-- Pelecus cultratus [Alburninae]
| `--+--+-- Notemigonus crysoleucus [Leuciscinae]
| | `--+-- Leucaspius delineatus
| | `-- Alburnus alburnus [Alburninae]
| `--+-- Chondrostoma lemmingii [Leuciscinae]
| `--+-- Abramis brama [Leuciscinae]
| `-- Blicca bjoerkna [Leuciscinae]
`--+--+--+-- Chrosomus eos [Alburninae]
| | `--o Gila [Leuciscinae]
| | |-- G. conspersa
| | `-- G. robusta
| `--+-- Mylocheilus caurinus [Leuciscinae]
| `--+-- Campostoma anomalum [Leuciscinae]
| `--+-- Phenacobius mirabilis [Leuciscinae]
| `--+-- Notropis stramineus [Leuciscinae]
| `--o Cyprinella [Leuciscinae]
| |-- C. lutrensis
| `-- C. spiloptera
`--+-- Phoxinus phoxinus [Alburninae]
`--+--+-- Oreoleuciscus potanini
| `--+-- Phoxinus lagowskii [Alburninae]
| `--+-- Phoxinus oxycephalus [Alburninae]
| `-- Phoxinus perenurus [Alburninae]
`--+-- Tribolodon hakonensis [Leuciscinae]
`--+-- Tribolodon sachalinensis [Leuciscinae]
`--+-- Pseudaspius leptocephlus
`--+-- Tribolodon nakamurai [Leuciscinae]
`-- Tribolodon brandtii [Leuciscinae]
reference(s):
|
Cyprinidae -species listed:
Abbottina A. liaoningensis Qin, 1987 A. obtusirostris (Wu & Wang, 1931) A. rivularis (Basilewsky, 1855) (Chinese false gudgeon) A. springeri Banarescu & Nalbant, 1973 Acanthalburnus A. microlepis (De Filippi, 1863) Blackbrow bleak A. urmianus (Günther, 1899) Acanthobrama A. centisquama Heckel, 1843 †A. hulensis (Goren, Fishelson & Trewavas, 1973) A. lissneri Tortonese, 1952 A. marmid Heckel, 1843 A. mirabilis Ladiges, 1960 A. telavivensis Goren, Fishelson & Trewavas, 1973 A. terraesanctae Steinitz, 1952 A. tricolor (Lortet, 1883) Acanthogobio guentheri Herzenstein, 1892 Acapoeta tanganicae (Boulenger, 1900) Albulichthys albuloides (Bleeker, 1855) †Alisodon Pleist. NA. Amblyrhynchichthys truncatus (Bleeker, 1851) Anabarilius A. alburnops (Regan, 1914) A. andersoni (Regan, 1904) A. brevianalis Zhou & Cui, 1992 A. grahami (Regan, 1908) A. liui (Chang, 1944) A. l. chenghaiensis He, 1984 A. l. liui (Chang, 1944) A. l. yiliangensis He & Liu, 1983 A. longicaudatus Chen, 1986 A. macrolepis Yih & Wu, 1964 A. maculatus Chen & Chu, 1980 A. polylepis (Regan, 1904) A. qiluensis Chen & Chu, 1980 A. qionghaiensis Chen, 1986 A. songmingensis Chen & Chu, 1980 A. transmontana (Nichols, 1925) A. xundianensis He, 1984 A. yangzonensis Chen & Chu, 1980 Anaecypris hispanica (Steindachner, 1866) Ancherythroculter A. kurematsui (Kimura, 1934) A. lini Luo, 1994 A. nigrocauda Yih & Wu, 1964 A. wangi (Tchang, 1932) Aphyocypris A. chinensis Günther, 1868 (Chinese bleak) A. kikuchii (Oshima, 1919) A. lini (Weitzman & Chan, 1966) (Garnet minnow) Aristichthys nobilis (Richardson, 1845) (Bighead carp) Aspiolucius esocinus (Kessler, 1874) (Pike asp) Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day, 1877) Atrilinea A. macrolepis Song & Fang, 1987 A. macrops (Lin, 1931) A. roulei (Wu, 1931) Aulopyge huegelii Heckel, 1843 (Dalmatian barbelgudgeon) Barbichthys B. laevis (Valenciennes, 1842) (Sucker barb) B. nitidus Sauvage, 1878 Barbonymus B. schwanenfeldii (Bleeker, 1853) (hopeabarbi; Goldfoil barb) Barbodes [27] Barboides B. gracilis Brüning, 1929 B. devecchii di Caporiacco, 1926 (Somalian blind barb) Belligobio B. nummifer (Boulenger, 1901) B. pengxianensis Luo, Le & Chen, 1977 Bengala elanga (Hamilton, 1822) (Bengala barb) Biwia zezera (Ishikawa, 1895) Caecobarbus geertsii Boulenger, 1921 (Congo blind barb) Caecocypris basimi Banister & Bunni, 1980 Candidia barbatus (Regan, 1908) †Capitodus Mioc. Eu. Capoetobrama kuschakewitschi (Kessler, 1872) (Sharpray) C. k. kuschakewitschi (Kessler, 1872) (Sharpray) C. k. orientalis Nikolskii, 1934 (Chu sharpray) Carassioides cantonensis (Heincke, 1892) Cephalakompsus pachycheilus Herre, 1924 Chagunius [3] C. baileyi Rainboth, 1986 C. chagunio (Hamilton, 1822) (Chaguni) C. nicholsi (Myers, 1924) Chelaethiops [5] C. bibie (Joannis, 1835) C. congicus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917) C. elongatus Boulenger, 1899 C. minutus (Boulenger, 1906) C. rukwaensis (Ricardo, 1939) (Lake Rukwa sardine) Chuanchia labiosa Herzenstein, 1891 Clinostomus [2] C. elongatus (Kirtland, 1840) (Redside dace) C. funduloides Girard, 1856 (Rosyside dace) Coptostomabarbus [2] C. bellcrossi Poll, 1969 C. wittei David & Poll, 1937 (Upjaw barb) Coreoleuciscus splendidus Mori, 1935 Cosmochilus [3] C. cardinalis Chu & Roberts, 1985 C. falcifer Regan, 1906 C. harmandi Sauvage, 1878 Cultrichthys compressocorpus (Yih & Chu, 1959) Daunichthys Tert. R. EInd. [Not recognized by the Fishbase] †Diastichus Pleist. NA. Discherodontus [3] D. ashmeadi (Fowler, 1937) D. halei (Duncker, 1904) D. schroederi (Smith, 1945) Distoechodon [2] D. hupeinensis Yih, 1964 D. tumirostris Peters, 1881 Eirmotus octozona Schultz, 1959 †Enoplophthalmus Mioc. Eu. †Eocyprinus L. Tert. EInd. Eremichthys acros Hubbs & Miller, 1948 (Desert dace) †Evomus Plioc. NA. Gibbibarbus cyphotergous Dai, 1988 Gobiocypris rarus Ye & Fu, 1983 Gymnocypris [12] G. biswasi Talwar, 1977 (Ladakh snowtrout) G. chilianensis Li & Chang, 1974 G. chui Tchang, Yueh & Hwang, 1964 G. dobula Günther, 1868 G. eckloni Herzenstein, 1891 G. firmispinatus Wu & Wu, 1988 G. namensis (Ren & Wu, 1982) G. potanini Herzenstein, 1891 G. przewalskii (Kessler, 1876) G. scleracanthus Tsao, Wu, Chen & Chu , 1991 G. scoliostomus Wu & Chen, 1979 G. waddellii Regan, 1905 Gymnodiptychus [3] G. dybowskii (Kessler, 1874) (Naked osman) G. integrigymnatus Huang, 1998 G. pachycheilus Herzenstein, 1892 Hainania serrata Koller, 1927 Hemibarbus [8] H. brevipennus Yue, 1995 H. filamentus (Fang & Chaux, 1949) [Hemibagrus, lapsus calami??] H. labeo (Pallas, 1776) Barbel steed H. longirostris (Regan, 1908) H. macracanthus Luo, Le & Chen, 1977 H. maculatus Bleeker, 1871 Spotted steed H. medius Yue, 1995 H. qianjiangensis Yu, 1990 H. umbrifer (Lin, 1931) Hemigrammocapoeta H. elegans (Günther, 1868) H. kemali (Hankó, 1924) H. nana (Heckel, 1843) Hemigrammocypris rasborella Fowler, 1910 Hemitremia flammea (Jordan & Gilbert, 1878) (Flame chub) †Hemitrichas Olig. Eu. Herzensteinia microcephalus (Herzenstein, 1891) Horadandia atukorali Deraniyagala, 1943 Huigobio H. chenhsienensis Fang, 1938 H. chinssuensis (Nichols, 1926) Hypselobarbus H. curmuca (Hamilton, 1807) (Curmuca barb) H. dubius (Day, 1867) (Nilgiris barb) H. jerdoni (Day, 1870) (Jerdon's carp) H. kolus (Sykes, 1839) (Kolus) H. kurali Menon & Rema Devi, 1995 H. lithopidos (Day, 1874) (Canara barb) H. micropogon (Valenciennes, 1842) (Korhi barb) H. mylodon (Berg, 1907) H. periyarensis (Raj, 1941) H. thomassi (Day, 1874) (Red Canarese barb) Hypsibarbus H. annamensis (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1936) H. lagleri Rainboth, 1996 H. pierrei (Sauvage, 1880) H. salweenensis Rainboth, 1996 H. suvattii Rainboth, 1996 H. vernayi (Norman, 1925) H. wetmorei (Smith, 1931) Hexapsephus Tert. R. EInd. [Not recognized by the Fishbase] Iberocypris palaciosi Doadrio, 1980 †Idadon Mio.-Plioc. NA. Iotichthys phlegethontis (Cope, 1874) (Least chub) Iranocypris typhlops Bruun & Kaiser, 1944 (Iran cave barb) Ischikauia steenackeri (Sauvage, 1883) Kalimantania lawak (Bleeker, 1855) Ladigesocypris ghigii (Gianferrari, 1927) Ladislavia taczanowskii Dybowski, 1869 (Tachanovsky's gudgeon) Lagowskiella L. dementjevi (Turdakov & Piskarev, 1954) L. grumi (Berg, 1907) L. poljakowi (Kessler, 1879) (Balkhash minnow) Lepidopygopsis typus Raj, 1941 (Peninsular hilltrout) Leptobarbus L. hoevenii (Bleeker, 1851) (Hoven's carp; siaminbarbi) L. hosii (Regan, 1906) L. melanopterus Weber & de Beaufort, 1916 L. melanotaenia Boulenger, 1894 Leucalburnus satunini (Berg, 1910) Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel, 1843) (Belica) †Leucus Pleist. NA. Longiculter siahi Fowler, 1937 Luciosoma (haukibarbit) L. bleekeri Steindachner, 1878 L. pellegrinii Popta, 1905 L. setigerum (Valenciennes, 1842) L. spilopleura Bleeker, 1855 (Apollo sharkminnow; haukibarbi) L. trinema (Bleeker, 1852) Mandibularca resinus Herre, 1924 Megalobrama M. amblycephala Yih, 1955 (Wuchang bream) M. elongata Huang & Zhang, 1986 M. pellegrini (Tchang, 1930) M. skolkovii Dybowski, 1872 M. terminalis (Richardson, 1846) (Black Amur bream) Mekongina erythrospila Fowler, 1937 Messinobarbus M. albanicus (Steindachner, 1870) M. carottae Bianco, 1998 M. haasi (Mertens, 1925) Moroco M. jouyi (Jordan & Snyder, 1901) M. steindachneri (Sauvage, 1883) †Mylocyprinus Plioc. Pleist. NA. Mylopharodon Plioc. R. NA. [1 Recent species] M. conocephalus (Baird & Girard, 1854) (Hardhead) Mystacoleucus M. argenteus (Day, 1888) M. atridorsalis Fowler, 1937 M. chilopterus Fowler, 1935 M. ectypus Kottelat, 2000 M. greenwayi Pellegrin & Fang, 1940 M. lepturus Huang, 1979 M. marginatus (Valenciennes, 1842) M. padangensis (Bleeker, 1852) Nematabramis N. alestes (Seale & Bean, 1907) N. borneensis Inger & Chin, 1962 N. everetti Boulenger, 1894 N. steindachneri (Popta, 1905) N. verecundus Herre, 1924 Neolissochilus N. blanci (Pellegrin & Fang, 1940) N. blythii (Day, 1870) N. compressus (Day, 1870) N. dukai (Day, 1878) N. hendersoni (Herre, 1940) N. longipinnis (Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) N. nigrovittatus (Boulenger, 1893) N. paucisquamatus (Smith, 1945) N. soroides (Duncker, 1904) N. spinulosus (McClelland, 1845) N. stevensonii (Day, 1870) N. stracheyi (Day, 1871) N. sumatranus (Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) N. thienemanni (Ahl, 1933) N. tweediei (Myers, 1937) N. vittatus (Smith, 1945) Nicholsicypris normalis (Nichols & Pope, 1927) Ochetobius elongatus (Kner, 1867) Onychostoma O. angustistomatus (Fang, 1940) O. brevis (Wu & Chen, 1977) O. elongatum (Fang, 1940) O. fusiforme Kottelat, 1998 O. laticeps Günther, 1896 O. lini (Wu, 1939) O. meridionale Kottelat, 1998 Oligobelus Tert. R. EInd. [not recognized by the FishBase] Opsopoeodus emiliae Hay, 1881 (Pugnose minnow) O. e. emiliae Hay, 1881 (Pugnose minnow) O. e. peninsularis (Gilbert & Bailey, 1972) Oregonichthys O. crameri (Snyder, 1908) (Oregon chub) O. kalawatseti Markle, Pearsons & Bills, 1991 Oreichthys (purjebarbit) O. sp. (hehkupurjebarbi) O. cosuatis (Hamilton, 1822) (purjebarbi) O. parvus Smith, 1933 Oreoleuciscus O. handlirschi (Pietschmann, 1933) O. humilis Warpachowski, 1889 (Dwarf Altai osman) O. potanini (Kessler, 1879) (Altai osman) Ospatulus O. palaemophagus Herre, 1924 O. truncatulus Herre, 1924 Osteobrama O. alfrediana (Valenciennes, 1844) O. bakeri (Day, 1873) O. belangeri (Valenciennes, 1844) O. bhimensis Singh & Yazdani, 1992 O. cotio (Hamilton, 1822) O. c. cotio (Hamilton, 1822) O. c. cunma (Day, 1888) O. c. peninsularis Silas, 1952 O. dayi (Hora & Misra, 1940) O. feae Vinciguerra, 1890 O. neilli (Day, 1873) O. vigorsii (Sykes, 1839) Osteochilichthys longidorsalis Pethiyagoda & Kottelat, 1994 Oxygymnocypris stewartii (Lloyd, 1908) Pachychilon P. macedonicum (Steindachner, 1892) P. pictum (Heckel & Kner, 1858) Paracanthobrama guichenoti Bleeker, 1865 Parachela P. cyanea Kottelat, 1995 P. hypophthalmus (Bleeker, 1860) P. ingerkongi (Banarescu, 1969) P. maculicauda (Smith, 1934) P. oxygastroides (Bleeker, 1852) (Glass fish) P. siamensis (Günther, 1868) P. williaminae Fowler, 1934 Paracrossochilus P. acerus Inger & Chin, 1962 P. vittatus (Boulenger, 1894) Paralaubuca P. barroni (Fowler, 1934) P. harmandi Sauvage, 1883 P. riveroi (Fowler, 1935) P. stigmabrachium (Fowler, 1934) P. typus Bleeker, 1865 †Paraleuciscus Mioc. Eu. Parapsilorhynchus P. discophorus Hora, 1921 (Ratnagiri minnow) P. prateri Hora & Misra, 1938 (Deolali minnow) P. tentaculatus (Annandale, 1919) (Khandalla minnow) Pararasbora moltrechti Regan, 1908 Pararhinichthys bowersi (Goldsborough & Clark, 1908) (Cheat minnow) Paraspinibarbus macracanthus (Pellegrin & Chevey, 1936) Parazacco P. spilurus (Günther, 1868) P. vuquangensis Nguyen, 1995 Parluciosoma labiosa (Mukerji, 1935) Pectenocypris P. balaena Roberts, 1989 P. korthausae Kottelat, 1982 Percocypris P. pingi (Tchang, 1930) P. retrodorsalis Cui & Chu, 1990 Phoxinellus P. adspersus (Heckel, 1843) P. alepidotus Heckel, 1843 P. anatolicus (Hankó, 1924) P. crassus (Ladiges, 1960) P. croaticus Steindachner, 1866 P. epiroticus (Steindachner, 1895) P. fontinalis Karaman, 1972 P. ghetaldii (Steindachner, 1882) P. metohiensis (Steindachner, 1901) P. prespensis (Karaman, 1924) P. pstrossii (Steindachner, 1882) P. zeregi Heckel, 1843 Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra, 1924 (Somalian cavefish) Plagiognathops microlepis (Bleeker, 1871) (Smallscale yellowfin) Platypharodon extremus Herzenstein, 1891 Platysmacheilus P. exiguus (Lin, 1932) P. longibarbatus Luo, Le & Chen, 1977 P. nudiventris Luo, Le & Chen, 1977 Pogobrama barbatula (Luo & Huang, 1985) Proballostomus Pleist. R. NA. [not recognized by the FishBase] Probarbus P. jullieni Sauvage, 1880 (Isok barb) P. labeamajor Roberts, 1992 (Thicklip barb) P. labeaminor Roberts, 1992 (Thinlip barb) Procypris P. merus Lin, 1933 P. rabaudi (Tchang, 1930) Prolabeo batesi Norman, 1932 Prolabeops melanhypoptera (Pellegrin, 1928) Pseudaspius leptocephalus (Pallas, 1776) (Redfin) Pseudobrama simoni (Bleeker, 1865) Pseudogobio P. esocinus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) P. vaillanti (Sauvage, 1878) Pseudohemiculter P. dispar (Peters, 1881) P. hainanensis (Boulenger, 1900) P. kweichowensis (Tang, 1942) Pseudopungtungia nigra Mori, 1935 Ptychidio jordani Myers, 1930 Ptychobarbus P. conirostris Steindachner, 1866 (Indus snowtrout) P. dipogon (Regan, 1905) Pungtungia herzi Herzenstein, 1892 Puntioplites P. bulu (Bleeker, 1851) P. falcifer Smith, 1929 P. proctozysron (Bleeker, 1865) P. waandersi (Bleeker, 1858-59) Rasborichthys helfrichii (Bleeker, 1857) Rasborinus R. lineatus (Pellegrin, 1907) R. macrolepis (Regan, 1908) Relictus solitarius Hubbs & Miller, 1972 (Relict dace) Rhinogobio R. cylindricus Günther, 1888 R. hunanensis Tang, 1980 R. nasutus (Kessler, 1876) R. typus Bleeker, 1871 R. ventralis Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874 Rohtee ogilbii Sykes, 1839 (Vatani rohtee) Rohteichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1851) Romanogobio R. pentatrichus Naseka & Bogutskaya, 1998 R. tenuicorpus (Mori, 1934) (Amur white gudgeon) Sanagia velifera Holly, 1926 Saurogobio S. dabryi Bleeker, 1871 (Chinese lizard gudgeon) S. dumerili Bleeker, 1871 S. gracilicaudatus Yao & Yang, 1977 S. gymnocheilus Lo, Yao & Chen, 1977 S. immaculatus Koller, 1927 S. xiangjiangensis Tang, 1980 Sawbwa resplendens Annandale, 1918 Sawbwa barb Scaphiodonichthys S. acanthopterus (Fowler, 1934) S. burmanicus Vinciguerra, 1890 Scaphognathops S. bandanensis Boonyaratpalin & Srirungroj, 1971 S. stejnegeri (Smith, 1931) S. theunensis Kottelat, 1998 Schizocypris S. altidorsalis Bianco & Banarescu, 1982 S. brucei Regan, 1914 (Waziristan snowtrout) S. ladigesi Karaman, 1969 Schizopygopsis S. anteriventris Wu et al., 1991 S. kialingensis Tsao & Tun, 1962 S. malacanthus Herzenstein, 1891 S. pylzovi Kessler, 1876 S. stoliczkae Steindachner, 1866 (False osman) S. thermalis Herzenstein, 1891 S. younghusbandi Regan, 1905 Securicula gora (Hamilton, 1822) †Sigmopharyngodon Pleist. NA. Sikukia S. flavicaudata Chu & Chen, 1987 S. gudgeri (Smith, 1934) S. stejnegeri Smith, 1931 Sinibrama S. macrops (Günther, 1868) S. melrosei (Nichols & Pope, 1927) S. taeniatus (Nichols, 1941) S. wui (Rendahl, 1932) Sinocrossocheilus S. guizhouensis Wu, 1977 S. tridentis Cui & Chu, 1986 †Soricidens Mioc. Eu. Spinibarbus S. caldwelli (Nichols, 1925) S. denticulatus (Oshima, 1926) S. hollandi Oshima, 1919 Spratellicypris palata (Herre, 1924) Squalidus S. argentatus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) S. atromaculatus (Nichols & Pope, 1927) S. biwae (Jordan & Snyder, 1900) S. chankaensis Dybowski, 1872 (Khanka gudgeon) S. gracilis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) S. iijimae (Oshima, 1919) S. intermedius (Nichols, 1929) S. japonicus (Sauvage, 1883) S. minor (Harada, 1943) S. nitens (Günther, 1873) S. wolterstorffi (Regan, 1908) †Stypodon signifer Garman, 1881 (Stumptooth minnow) Thryssocypris T. ornithostoma Kottelat, 1991 T. smaragdinus Roberts & Kottelat, 1984 T. tonlesapensis Roberts & Kottelat, 1984 Thynnichthys Tert. R. EInd. †T. amblysoma T. polylepis Bleeker, 1860 T. sandkhol (Sykes, 1839) (Sandkhol carp) T. thynnoides (Bleeker, 1852) T. vaillanti Weber & de Beaufort, 1916 Tiaroga cobitis Girard, 1856 (Loach minnow) Toxabramis T. hoffmanni Lin, 1934 T. houdemeri Pellegrin, 1932 T. swinhonis Günther, 1873 Tropidophoxinellus T. hellenicus (Stephanidis, 1971) T. spartiaticus (Schmidt-Ries, 1943) Typhlobarbus nudiventris Chu & Chen, 1982 Typhlogarra widdowsoni Trewavas, 1955 (Iraq blind barb) Varicorhinus Plioc. R. Eu. As. Xenobarbus loveridgei Norman, 1923 Yaoshanicus arcus Lin, 1931 Yuriria alta (Jordan, 1879)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Chen, G., Fang, F. & Chang, M.-M., 2005: A new cyprinid closely related to cultrins+xenocyprinins from the Mid-Tertiary of south China.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 25, #3, pp. 492-501 - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Translated from [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600