After Parker, 1982, "The Tree of Life", and Grimaldi & Engel, 2005 (based on Willmann, 2003)
<==o Phasmatodea sensu lato [Phasmida; Cheleutoptera; Holophasmatodea sensu Grimaldi & Engel, 2005] (kummitussirkat, sauvasirkat; walking sticks and leaf insects) |--+-- †Prochresmodidae | `-- †Xiphopteridae `--+-- †Cretophasmatidae `--+-- †Durnoraria |-- †Aeroplanidae `--+-- †Chresmodella |-- †Baissophasma `--+-- †Aerophasmatidae `--+-- †Hagiphasmatidae `--+-- †Coniphasma `--o Phasmatodea sensu stricto |--o Timematodea | `--o Timematidea | `--o Timematoidea | `--o Timematidae | `-- Timema `--o Euphasmatodea [Euphasmida] |?- †Electrobaculum gracilis Sharov |?- †Pseudoperla gracilipes Pictet |?- †Pseudoperla lineata Pictet `--+-- Phylliinae |--+-- Dajaca | `-- Aschiphasminae `--+--o Bacillidea | `--o Bacilloidea | |-- Bacillidae | `-- Bacunculidae [Pseudophasmidae] `--o Phasmitidea |--o Necroscioidea | |-- Necrosciidae | |-- Heteronemiidae | |-- Lonchodidae | |-- Pachymorphidae | `-- Palophidae `--o Phasmatoidea |-- Bacteriidae `-- Phasmatidae
Reference(s):
- Grimaldi, D. A. & Engel, M. S., 2005: Evolution of the Insects.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005, xv-755 - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 6: Selkärangattomat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beaut, Du Monde Animal XI & XII Invertébrés.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company - Tilgner, E., 2001: Euphasmida – Stick & Leaf Insects.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/arthropoda/hexapoda/phasmida/euphasmida.html - Tilgner, E., 2001: Phasmida – Phasmids.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/arthropoda/hexapoda/phasmida/phasmida.html