After Rowe, 1988 and Luo, 1994
<==o Eucynodontia (advanced cynodonts and mammals) |--o †Cynognathus Seeley, 1895 [Cynidiognathus Haughton, 1922, Lycaenognathus, Lycochampsa, ?Karoomys] [Cynognathia: Cynognathidae] | |?- †C. longiceps (Haughton, 1922) [Cynidiognathus longiceps] | |?- †C. ferox [Lycochampsa ferox] | `-- †C. crateronotus Seeley, 1895 `--o Probainognathia Hopson, 1990 |?- †Ecteninion lunensis Martinez, May & Forster, 1996 |?- †Brasilitherium riograndensis Bonaparte, Martinelli, Schultz & Rubert, 2003 |?- †Brasilodon quadrangularis Bonaparte, Martinelli, Schultz & Rubert, 2003 |--o †Probainognathidae | |?- †Lepagia gaumemsis Hahn, Lepage & Wouters, 1987 | `-- †Probainognathus jenseni `--o Mammaliamorpha Rowe, 1988 |-- †Tritylodontoidea [Gomphodontia; Traversodontidae sensu Flynn et al., 1999] `--o Chiniquodontoidea Huene, 1936 [Tritheledontidae sensu Luo, 1994] |?- †Eoraetia |?- †Kunminia minima Young, 1947 |?- †"Hahnia" obliqua Godefroit & Battail, 1997 [generic name preoccubied (Dykes, 2001)] |?- †Maubeugia lotharingica Godefroit & Battail, 1997 `--+-- †Chiniquodontidae v. Huene, 1936 sensu Carroll, 1988 [incl. Dromatheriidae Gill, 1872 and Therioherpetidae Bonaparte & Barberena, 1975] `--+?- †Riograndia guaibaensis Bonaparte, Ferigolo & Ribeiro, 2001 [Riograndidae Bonaparte, Ferigolo & Ribeiro, 2001] |--o †Tritheledontidae Broom, 1912 [incl. Ictidosauridae Young, 1947 and Diarthrognathidae Crompton, 1958] | |-- †Chalimia musteloides Bonaparte, 1978 | |-- †Diarthrognathus broomi Crompton, 1958 [Diarthrognathidae Crompton, 1958] | |?- †Theioherpeton | |-- †Tritheledon riconoi Broom, 1912 [Trithelodon ] | `--o †Pachygenelus Watson, 1913 [?Pattsia Lees & Mills, 1983; Pachygenelius] | |-- †P. monus Watson, 1913 [?Pattsia likhoelensis Lees & Mills, 1983] | |-- †P. sp. cf. P. monus [=P. milleri Chatterjee, 1983??] [Shubin, Olsen & Sues, 1994] [McCoy Brook Formation, Canada, North America] | `-- †P. broomi (Crompton, 1958) [Diarthrognathus broomi Crompton, 1958] `-- Mammaliaformes Rowe, 1988 [Mammalia sensu Luo, 1994 [sensu lato]]
Reference(s):
- Abdala, F. & Ribeiro, A. M., 2000: A new therioherpentid cynodont from the Santa Maria Formation (Middle Triassic), Southern Brasil.
–Geodiversitas: Vol: 22, #4, 589-595 - Bonaparte, J. F., Ferigolo, J. & Ribeiro, A. M., 2001: A primitive Late Triassic “ictidosaur” from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 44, #4, pp. 623-635 - Bonaparte J. F., Martinelli A. G., Schultz C. L. & Rubert, R., 2003: The sister group of mammals: small cynodonts from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil
–Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia: Vol. 5, pp. 5-27 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Dykes, T., 2001: Triassic cynodonts: Chiniquodontoidea, an internet directory.
–iNet: http://home.nexgo.de/ktdykes/chiniq.htm - Dykes, T., 2001: Personal correspondence.
- Flynn, J. J., Parrish, J. M., Rakotosamimanana, B., Simpson, W. F., Whatley, R. L., & Wyss, A. R., 1999: A Triassic fauna form Madagaskar, including early dinosaurs.
–Science: Vol. 286, 22 October, pp. 763-765 - Godefroit, P. & Battail, B., 1997: Late Triassic cynodonts from Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (north-eastern France).
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 19, #3, pp. 567-631 - Kazlev, M. A., 1999: Trithelodontidae.
–iNet: The Kheper Site: http://www.kheper.auz.com/gaia/biosphere/vertebrates/therapsida/Trithelodontidae.html - Luo, Z. 1994: Sister-group relationships of mammals and transformations of diagnostic mammalian characters. 98-128.
in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. (eds.) 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 1994, x-435 - Martinez, R. N., May, C. L. & Forster, C. A., 1996: A new carnivorous cynodont from the Ischigualasto Formation (Late Triassic, Argentina), with comments on eucynodont phylogeny.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #2, pp. 271-284 - Sigogneau-Russell, D. & Hahn, G., 1994: Late Triassic microvertebrates from central Europe. 197-213
in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. (eds.) 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 1994, x-435 - Sues, H.-D., Olsen, P. E. & Kroehler, P. A., 1994: Small tetrapods from the Upper Triassic of the Richmond basin (Newark Supergroup), Virginia. 161-170
in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. (eds.) 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 1994, x-435 - Rowe, T., 1988: Defenition, diagnosis, and origin of Mammalia.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 8, #3, pp. 241-264
Special thanks to:
Jos H. M. Dols, for gathering additional information and species.