After Spindler, Falconnet & Fröbisch, 2015, Brocklehurst & Fröbisch, 2017, Carroll, 1988, and Reisz, 2005, with species from “The Paleobiology Database”
<==o †Caseasauria Williston, 1912 sensu Reisz, 1986? |--o †Eothyrididae [Romer & Price, 1940?] | |-- †Oedaleops campi Langston, 1962 | `--+-- †Eothyris parkeyi Romer, 1937 | `-- †Vaughnictis smithae (Lewis & Vaughn, 1965) Brocklehurst, Reisz, Fernandez & Fröbisch, 2016 [Mycterosaurus smithae Lewis & Vaughn, 1965] `--o †Caseidae Williston, 1911 |-- †Eocasea martini Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014 `--+-- †Callibrachion gaudryi Boule & Glangeaud, 1893b; E.Perm. CEur. `--+-- †Phreatophasma aenigmaticum Efremov, 1954 |-- †Datheosaurus macrourus Schroeder, 1904; L.Carb. CEur. |-- †Oromycter dolesorum Reisz, 2005; L.Perm. CNAm. |?- †“Casea” halselli Olson, 1954 `--+-- †Casea broilli Williston, 1910 |?- †Caseoides sanangelensis Olson & Beerbower, 1953 |?-o †Caseopsis Olson, 1962 | |-- †C. agilis Olson, 1962 | `?- †C. sp. cf. C. agilis `--+-- †Trichasaurus texensis `--+-- †“Casea” nicholsi Olson, 1954 |-- †Euromycter rutenus (Sigogneau-Russel & Russell, 1974) Reisz, Maddin, Fröbisch & Falconnet, 2011 [Casea rutena Sigogneau-Russel & Russell, 1974] `--+-- †Ennatosaurus tecton Efremov, 1956 |?- †Alierasaurus ronchii Romano & Nicosia, 2014 |?- †Ruthenosaurus russellorum Reisz, Maddin, Fröbisch & Falconnet, 2011 `--+-- †Angelosaurus dolani Olson & Beerbower, 1953 |?- †Angelosaurus greeni Olson, 1962 |-- †Angelosaurus romeri Olson & Barghusen 1962 |-- †Cotylorhynchus romeri Stovall, 1937a `--+-- †Cotylorhynchus bransoni Olson & Barghusen, 1962 `-- †Cotylorhynchus hancocki Olson & Beerbower, 1953
Reference(s):
- Benson, R. B. J., 2012: Interrelationships of basal synapsids: cranial and postcranial morphological partitions suggest different topologies.
–Journal of Systematic Palaeontology: Vol. 10, #4, pp. 601-624 [doi: 10.1080/14772019.2011.631042] - Brocklehurst, N. & Fröbisch, J., 2017: A re-examination of the enigmatic Russian tetrapod Phreatophasma aenigmaticum and its evolutionary implications.
–Fossil Record: Vol. 20, #1, pp. 87-93 [doi: 10.5194/fr-20-87-2017] - Brocklehurst, N., Reisz, R. R., Fernandez, V. & Fröbisch, J., 2016: A Re-Description of 'Mycterosaurus' smithae, an Early Permian Eothyridid, and Its Impact on the Phylogeny of Pelycosaurian-Grade Synapsids.
–Plos One: Vol. 11, #6, art.nr. e0156810 (1-27) [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156810] - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Langston, W. & Reisz, R. R., 1981: Aerosaurus wellesi, new species, a varanopseid mammal-like reptile (Synapsida: Pelycosauria) from the Lower Permian of New Mexico.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 1, #1, pp. 73-96 - Laurin, M. & Reisz, R. R., 1997-1998: Synapsida – Mammals and their extinct relatives.
–iNet: The Tree of Life: http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/chordata/synapsida.html - Laurin , M. & Reisz, R. R., 1997: Autapomorphies of the main clades of synapsids.
–iNet: The Tree of Life: http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/chordata/synapsidlichen/synapsidasynapomorphies.html - Reisz, R. R., 2005: Oromycter, a new caseid from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 25, #4, pp. 905-910 - Reisz, R. R. & Fröbisch, J., 2014: The Oldest Caseid Synapsid from the Late Pennsylvanian of Kansas, and the Evolution of Herbivory in Terrestrial Vertebrates.
–Plos One: Vol. 9, #4, art.nr. e94518 (1-9) [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094518] - Reisz, R. R., Maddin, H. C., Fröbisch, J. & Falconnet, J., 2011: A new large caseid (Synapsida, Caseasauria) from the Permian of Rodez (France), including a reappraisal of "Casea" rutena Sigogneau-Russell & Russell, 1974.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 33, #2, pp. 227-246 [doi: 10.5252/g2011n2a2] - Romano, M. & Nicosia, U., 2014: Alierasaurus ronchii, gen. et sp. nov., a caseid from the Permian of Sardinia, Italy.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 34, #4, pp. 900-913 [doi: 10.1080/02724634.2014.837056] - Romano, M. & Nicosia, U., 2015: Cladistic analysis of Caseidae (Caseasauria, Synapsida): using the gap-weighting method to include taxa based on incomplete specimens.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 58, #6, pp. 1109-1130 [doi: 10.1111/pala.12197] - Spindler, F., Falconnet, J. & Fröbisch, J., 2015: Callibrachion and Datheosaurus, Two Historical and Previously Mistaken Basal Caseasaurian Synapsids from Europe.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 61, #3, pp. 597-616 [doi: 10.4202/app.00221.2015]
Special thanks to:
Jos H. M. Dols, for gathering additional information and species of these animals.