After McKenna & Bell, 1997, with Recent species from Nowak, 1991
<==o Hystricidae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 [taxonomic history] (Old World Porcupines; piikkisiat) |--o Atherurinae Lyon, 1907 (tupsuhäntäpiikkisiat) | |-- †Sivacanthion Colbert, 1938; M.-U.Mioc. SAs. | |-- Trichys fasciculata Günther, 1876 [incl. T. lipura] M.Pleist.-R. SEAs. (Long-tailed Porcupine; pitkähäntäpiikkisika) | `--o Atherurus F. Cuvier, 1829 (brush-tailed porcupines; tupsuhäntäpiikkisiat) | |-- A. africanus (West African brush-tailed porcupine; afrikantupsuhäntäpiikkisika) | `-- A. macrourus (Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine; aasiantupsuhäntäpiikkisika) `--o Hystricinae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 [taxonomic history] (varsinaiset piikkisiat) |-- †Miohystrix Kretzoi, 1951; U.Mioc. Eu. |-- †Xenohystrix crassidens Greenwood, 1955; L.-U.Plioc. Pleist. Af. `--o Hystrix Linnaeus, 1758 [taxonomic history] ?Olig., L.Mioc.-U.Plioc., Pleist. R. Eu., U.Mioc.-R. Af., U.Mioc.-R. As.(piikkisiat) |-- †H. primigenia (Wagner, 1848) |-- †H. depereti Sen, 2001 |-- †H. parvae |--o (Thecurus) Lyon, 1907 | |-- H. (T.) crassispinis (borneonpiikkisika) | |-- H. (T.) pumila (filippiinienpiikkisika) | `-- H. (T.) sumatrae (sumatranpiikkisika) |--o (Hystrix) Linnaeus, 1758 | |?- †H. (H.) refossa | |?- †H. (H.) etrusca Bosco, 1898 | |?- H. (H.) africaeaustralis (afrikanpiikkisika) | |-- H. (H.) cristata Linnaeus, 1758 (piikkisika) | `--o H. (H.) indica (intianpiikkisika) | `-- H. i. indica `--o (Acanthion) F. Cuvier, 1822 |?- †H. vinogradovi Argyropulo, 1941 |--o H. (A.) brachyura (malaijanpiikkisika) | |-- H. (A.) b. brachyura (malaijanpiikkisika) | |-- H. (A.) b. hodgsoni (himalajanpiikkisika) | `-- H. (A.) b. yunnanensis (eteläkiinanpiikkisika) `-- H. (A.) javanica (Malaysian Short-tailed Porcupine)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Sen, S., 2001: Early Pliocene porcupine (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Perpignan, France: a new systematic study.
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 23, #2, pp. 303-312