Phylogeny of selected early Primates after Gunnell, Ciochon, Gingerich & Holroyd, 2002 and Gunnell & Miller, 2001
<==o PRIMATES |-- †Teilhardina [are Anaptomorphines [Tarsiiformes: Omomyidae]] `--+-- †Eosimiidae `--+-- †Cantius [are Notarchines [Strepsirrhini: Notarchidae]] `--+-- †Notarctus [are Notarchines [Strepsirrhini: Notarchidae]] `--+?- †Aframonius dieides [is a caenopithecine [Strepsirrhini: Adapidae]] `--+?- †Djebelemur martinezi Hartenberger & Marandat, 1992 `--+-- †Hesperolemur [are Notarchines [Strepsirrhini: Notarchidae]] |-- †Siamopithecus eocaenus [is a Pondaungine [Strepsirrhini: Notarchidae]] |--o †Pondaungini Ciochon & Holroyd, 1994 [are notarchids [Strepsirrhini: Notarchidae]] | |-- †Amphipithecus mogaungensis Colbert, 1937 [incl. A. bahinensis] | `--o †Pondaungia Pilgrim, 1927 | |-- †P. cotteri Pilgrim, 1927 [incl. P. minuta Jaeger et al., 1998] | `-- †P. savagei Gunnell, Ciochon, Gingerich & Holroyd, 2002 `--o ANTHROPOIDEA (apinat) |-- †Quatrania wingi [is a Parapithecid [Parapithecoidea: Parapithecidae]] |--o †Parapithecidae [Parapithecidae: Parapithecinae] | |-- †Arsinoea kallimos | `--+-- †Serapia eocaena | `--o †Apidium | |-- †A. phiomense | `-- †A. moustafai `--+-- †Propliopithecidae `--+-- Cercopithecoidea (vanhan maailman häntäapinat; old world monkies) `-- Hominoidea (ihmisapinat; apes)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Ciochon, R. L., Gingerich, P. D., Gunnell, G. F. & Simons, E. L., 2001: Primate postcrania from the late middle Eocene of Myanmar.
–PNAS: Vol. 98, #14, pp. 7672-7677 - Ducrocq, S., Soe, A. N., Aung, A. K., Benammi, M., Bo, B., Chaimanee, Y., Tun, T., Thein, T. & Jaeger, J.-J., 2000: A new anthracotheriid artiodactyl from Myanmar, and the relative ages of the Eocene anthropoid primate-bearing localities of Thailand (Krabi) and Myanmar (Pondaung).
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #4, pp. 755-760 - Gunnell, G. F., Ciochon, R. L., Gingerich, P. D. & Holroyd, P. A., 2002: New assessment of Pondaungia and Amphipithecus (Primates) from the late middle Eocene of Myanmar, with a comment on "Amphipithecidae".
–Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan: Vol. 30, #13, pp. 337-372 - Gunnell, G. F. & Miller, W. E., 2001: Origin of Anthropoidea: Dental evidence and recognition of early anthropoids in the fossil record, with comments on the asian anthropoid radiation.
–American Journal of Physical Anthropology: Vol. 114, pp. 177-191 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629