After Motani, 1998, 1999, and Nicholls & Manabe, 2001
<==o †Ichthyosauria Blainville, 1835 |?- †Mikadocephalus gracilirostris Maisch & Matzke, 1997 |?- †"Shastasaurus"? neubigi Sander, 1997 |?- †Wimanius odontopalatus Maisch & Matzke, 1998a |?- †Xinminosaurus catactes Jiang, Motani, Hao, Schmitz, Rieppel, Y. Sun & Z. Sun, 2008 |--o †Cymbospondylus Leidy, 1868 sensu Motani, 1999 | |?- †C. grandis Leidy, 1868 [synon. to C. petrinus??] | |?- ?†C. piscosus Leidy, 1868 [synon. to C. petrinus??] | |?- ?†C. natans Leidy, 1868 [nomen dubium??] | |?- †C. nevadanus Leidy, 1868 [synon. to C. petrinus??] | |?- ?†C. germanicus v. Huene, 1916 [nomen dubium??] | |-- †C. parvus v. Huene, 1916 [synon. to C. petrinus??] | |-- †C. petrinus Leidy, 1868 | `-- †C. buchseri Sander, 1989 `--+--o †Mixosauridae Baur, 1887 sensu Motani, 1999 [Mixosauria:] | |-- †Phalarodon fraasi Merriam, 1910 [Mixosaurus fraasi Nicholls et al., 1999; Maisch & Matzke, 2000; Schmitz et al., 2004] [incl.? Ichthyosaurus nordenskioeldii Hulke, 1873; Mixosaurus nordenskioeldii (Hulke) Dames, 1895 (nomen dubium); Mixosaurus natans] | `--o †Mixosaurus Baur, 1887 [taxonomic history] | |-- †M. atavus (Quenstedt, 1852) [taxonomic history] | |-- †M. callawayi Schmitz et al., 2004 | |-- †M. panxianensis Jiang, Schmitz, Hao & Sun, 2006 | `--+-- †M. cornalianus Bassani [taxonomic history] | `-- †M. kuhnschnyderi `--o †Merriamosauria Motani, 1999 ["Last common ancester of Metashastasaurus [Shastasaurus] neoscapularis and Platypterygius"] |-- †Euichthyosauria Motani, 1999 `--+?- †Mixosaurus Baur, 1887 sensu Nicholls & Manabe, 2001 `--+?- †Cymbospondylus Leidy, 1868 sensu Nicholls & Manabe, 2001 `--+?- †Thalassoarchon saurophagus Fröbisch, Fröbisch, Sander, Schmitz & Rieppel, 2013; M.Trias. SWNAm. `--o †Shastasauridae Merriam, 1902 [Shastasauria Motani, 1999] |?-o †Pessosaurus Wiman, 1910 | |-- †P. polaris Wiman, 1910 | `-- †P. suevicus Huene, 1916 |?-o †Pessopteryx Wiman, 1910 | |-- †P. nisseri Wiman, 1910 | `-- †P. pinguis Wiman 1910 |-- †Besanosaurus leptorhynchus Dal Sasso & Pinna, 1996 [Besanosaurinae] `--o †Shastasaurinae Merriam, 1908 |?- †Himalayasaurus tibetensis Dong, 1972 |--o †Shastasaurus Merriam, 1895 | |-- †S. alexandrae Merriam, 1902 | |-- †S. osmonti Merriam, 1902 | |-- †S. pacificus Merriam, 1895 [nomen dubium sensu Nicholls & Manabe, 2001] | |-- †S. sikanniensis (Nicholls & Manabe, 2004) Sander, Chen, Cheng & Wang, 2011 | `-- †S. liangae (Yin in Yin, Zhou, Cao, Yu & Luo, 2000) Sander, Chen, Cheng & Wang, 2011 [Guanlingsaurus liangae Yin in Yin, Zhou, Cao, Yu & Luo, 2000] `--+-- †Callawayia neoscapularis (McGowan, 1994) Maisch & Matzke, 2000 [Shastasaurus neoscapularis McGowan, 1994; Metashastasaurus neoscapularis (McGowan, 1994) Nicholls & Manabe, 2001] [Note: Callawayia Maisch & Matzke, 2000 is considered as a unethical naming, see Nicholls & Manabe, 2001 [ICZN App. A.]] `--o †Shonisaurus Camp, 1976 |-- †S. popularis Camp, 1976 `?- †S. sikanniensis Nicholls & Manabe, 2004
After Motani, Jiang, Chen, Tintori, Rieppel, Ji & Huang, 2014 (C. Ji et al., in prep.)<==o †Ichthyosauria |--o †Cymbospondylidae | |-- †Xinminosaurus | `--o †Cymbospondylus | |-- †C. petrinus | `--+-- †C. buchseri | `-- †C. nichollsi `--+--o †Mixosauridae | |-- †Mixosaurus | `-- †Phalarodon `--+--o †Shastasauria | |-- †Besanosaurus | `--+-- †Guizhouichthyosaurus | `--+-- †Callawayia wolonggangensis | `--+-- †Shastasaurus | `--+-- †Guanlingsaurus | `-- †Shonisaurus `--o †Euichthyosauria |-- †Californosaurus `--+-- †Callawayia neoscapularis `--+--+-- †Toretocnemus | `-- †Qianichthyosaurus `--+-- †Macgovania `--+-- †Hudsonelpidia `--+--+-- †Temnodontosaurus | `--+-- †Leptonectes | `--+-- †Excalibosaurus | `-- †Eurhinosaurus `--+-- †Suevoleviathan `--+-- †Ichthyosaurus `--+-- †Stenopterygius `--+-- †Maiaspondylus `--+-- †Arthropterygius `--+-- †Platypterygius `--+--+-- †Athabascasaurus | `-- †Caypullisaurus `--+--+-- †Acamptonectes | `-- †Ophthalmosaurus `--+-- †Sveltonectes `--+-- †Aegirosaurus `-- †Brachypterygius Reference(s):
|
After Fröbisch, Fröbisch, Sander, Schmitz & Rieppel, 2013<==o †Ichthyosauria |-- †Parvinatator `--+-- †Utatsusaurus `--o †Eoichthyosauria |--o †Grippidae | |-- †Grippia | `-- †Chaohusaurus `--+--o †Mixosauridae | |-- †Mixosaurus | `-- †Phalarodon `--o †Merriamosauria? |-- †Cymbospondylus buchseri `--+-- †Cymbospondylus piscosus `--+--+-- †Californosaurus | `-- †Toretocnemus `--+-- †Besanosaurus `--+-- †Thalassoarchon `--+--o †Shastasauridae | |-- †Shonisaurus | `-- †Shastasaurus `--o †Euichthyosauria? |-- †Guizhouichthyosaurus `--o †Parvipelvia? |-- †Callawayia `--+-- †Hudsonelpidia `--+-- †Suevoleviathan `--+--+-- †Temnodontosaurus | `--o †Eurhinosauridae | |-- †Leptonectes | `--+-- †Excalibosaurus | `-- †Eurhinosaurus `--+-- †Macgovania `--+-- †Stenopterygius `--+-- †Ichthyosaurus `--o †Ophthalmosauria |-- †Brachypterygius `--+-- †Ophthalmosaurus `--+-- †Caypullisaurus `-- †Platypterygius |
After Sander, Chen, Cheng & Wang, 2011 (matrix based on Motani, 1999c)<==o †Ichthyosauria |-- †Parvinatator |-- †Utatsusaurus `--o †Eoichthyosauria |--o †Grippidae | |-- †Grippia | `-- †Chaohusaurus `--+--+-- †Cymbospondylus petrinus | `-- †Cymbospondylus buchseri `--+--o †Mixosauridae | |-- †Mixosaurus | `-- †Phalarodon `--o †Merriamosauria |-- †Californosaurus |-- †Toretocnemus |-- †Besanosaurus `--+-- †Shonisaurus popularis `--+--o †Shastasaurus | |-- †S. sikanniensis | `--+-- †S. liangae | `-- †S. pacificus `--o †Parvipelvia |-- †Guizhouichthyosaurus `--+-- †Callawayia `--+-- †Hudsonelpidia `-- derivied Parvipelvia |
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