After Xu, Zhou & Wang, 2000, Xu, Norell, Wang, Makovicky & Wu, 2002, Clark, Norell & Makovicky, 2002, Hwang, Norell, Ji & Gao, 2002, Makovicky, Norell, Clark & Rowe, 2003, Senter, Barsbold, Britt & Burnham, 2004, Xu & Zhang, 2005, Makovicky, Apesteguía & Agnolín, 2005, Turner, Pol, Clarke, Erickson & Norell, 2007, and Novas, Pol, Canale, Porfiri & Calvo, 2009
<==o Paraves Sereno, 1997 sensu Xu, Norell, Wang, Makovicky & Wu, 2002 (birds and near-birds; linnut ja sirppikynnet)
`--o Eumaniraptora
|?- †Aurornis xui Godefroit, Cau, Hu, Escuillie, Wu & Dyke, 2013; M.-L.Jur. EAs.
|?- †Caihong juji Hu, Clarke, Eliason, Qiu, Li, Shawkey, Zhao, D'Alba, Jiang & Xu, 2018
|?- †Eosinopteryx brevipenna Godefroit, Demuynck, Dyke, Hu, Escuillie & Claeys, 2013; M.-L.Jur. EAs.
|?- †Pedopenna daohugouensis Xu & Zhang, 2005; M.-L.Jur. EAs.
|?- †Serikornis sungei Lefèvre, Cau, Cincotta, Hu, Chinsamy, Escuillié & Godefroit, 2017; L.Jur. EAs.
|?- †Xiaotingia zhengi Xu, You, Du & Han, 2011; M.-L.Jur. EAs.
|--o Avialae Gauthier 1986 sensu Chiappe, 1995, Chiappe, Ji, Ji & Norell, 1999 (flying theropods, i.e. birds; lentävät teropodit, linnut; )
| |?- †Avialae genera et species indet. [Mongolia]
| |--o †Scansoriopterygidae Czerkas & Yuan, 2002 sensu Zhang, Zhou, Xu, Wang & Sullivan, 2008
| | |-- †Epidentrosaurus ningchengensis Zhang, Zhou, Xu & Wang, 2002 sensu Xu & Zhang, 2005 [Scansoriopteryx heilmanni Czerkas & Yuan, 2002 (invalid sr. synon.)] L.Jur. NEAs.
| | |-- †Epidexipteryx hui Zhang, Zhou, Xu, Wang & Sullivan, 2008; L.Jur. NEAs.
| | `-- †Yi qi Xu, Zheng, Sullivan, Wang, Xing, Wang, Zhang, O'Connor, Zhang & Pan, 2015; L.Jur. NEAs.
| `--o Aves Linnaeus, 1758 sensu lato (linnut, birds)
| |--o Archaeopterygidae Huxley, 1871 [Archaeopterygiformes]
| | |?- †Protarchaeopteryx robusta Ji & Ji, 1997 [=? Incisivosaurus gauthieri Xu, Cheng, Wang & Chang, 2002, an oviraptorid]
| | `--o †Archaeopteryx von Meyer, 1861 [Synonyms] (urvogel; liskolintu)
| | |-- †A. lithographica von Meyer, 1861 [Synonyms]
| | `-- †A. siemensii Dames, 1897 sensu Mayr, Pohl, Hartman & Peters, 2007 [Synonyms]
| `--+-- †Jeholornis prima Zhou & Zhang, 2002b
| |?- †Dalianraptor cuhe Gao & Liu, 2005; L.Cret. EAs.
| |?- †Jixiangornis orientalis Ji et al., 2002; L.Cret. EAs.
| |?- †Shenzhouraptor sinensis Ji et al., 2002; L.Cret. EAs.
| |?- †Yandangornis longicaudatus Cai & Zhao, 1999 [Yandangornithiformes: Yandangornithidae:]
| `-- Avebrevicauda Paul, 2002 (birds with pygostyle; pygostyliset linnut)
`--o †Deinonychosauria Colbert & Russell, 1969 sensu Xu, Norell, Wang, Makovicky & Wu, 2002
|--o †Troodontidae Gilmore, 1924d [Saurornithoididae Barsbold, 1974]
| |-- †Anchiornis huxleyi Xu et al., 2009 [Anchiornithidae Foth & Rauhut, 2017] E.Cret. EAs.
| `--+-- †Sinusonasus magnodens Xu & Wang, 2004 [Sinucerasaurus magnodens (Xu & Wang, 2004) Xu & Norell, 2006]
| `--+-- †Geminiraptor suarezarum Senter, Kirkland, Bird & Bartlett, 2010; E.Cret. WNAm.
| |--+-- †Mei long Xu & Norell, 2004; E.Cret. EAs.
| | `-- †Sinovenator changii Xu, Norell, Wang, Makovicky & Wu, 2002
| `--+-- Troodontidae genera et species indet. [EK troodontid sensu Makovicky, Norell, Clark & Rowe, 2003; IGM100/44] [=? Geminiraptor]
| |--o †Jinfengopteryginae Turner, Makovicky & Norell, 2012
| | |-- †Almas ukhaa Pei, Norell, Barta, Bever, Pittman & Xu, 2017 [IGM 100/1323]
| | `--+-- IGM 1000/1126
| | `-- †Jinfengopteryx elegans Q. Ji, S. Ji, Lu, You, Chen, Liu, & Liu, 2005
| `--+-- †Sinornithoides youngi Russell & Dong, 1994
| |?- †Talos sampsoni Zanno, Varricchio, O'Connor, Titus & Knell, 2011; L.Cret. WNAm.
| |--+?- †Urbacodon itemirensis Averianov & Sues, 2007
| | |?- †Xixiasaurus henanensis Lü, Xu, Liu, Zhang, Jia & Ji, 2010
| | `-- †Byronosaurus jaffei Norell, Makovicky & Clark, 2000
| `--o †"Troodontinae" Gilmore, 1924d
| |?- †Borogovia gracilicrus Osmólska, 1987
| |-- †Troodon formosus Leidy, 1856 [Polyodontosaurus grandis Gilmore, 1932b, Stenonychosaurus inequalis Sternberg, 1932a, Pectinodon bakkeri Carpenter, 1982b]; L.Cret. WNAm.
| |--+-- †Linhevenator tani Xu, Tan, Sullivan, Han & Xiao, 2011; L.Cret. EAs.
| | `-- †Philovenator curriei Xu, Zhao, Sullivan, Tan, Sander & Ma, 2012; L.Cret. NEAs.
| `--+-- †Saurornithoides mongoliensis Osborn, 1924a; L.Cret. EAs.
| `-- †Zanabazar junior (Barsbold, 1974) Norell, Makovicky, Bever, Balanoff, Clark, Barsbold & Rowe, 2009 [†Saurornithoides junior Barsbold, 1974; Zanabazer (lapsus calami)]; L.Cret. EAs.
`--o †Dromaeosauridae Matthew & Brown, 1922 sensu Makovicky, Apesteguía & Agnolín, 2005 and Turner, Pol, Clarke, Erickson & Norell, 2007
|--o †Halszkaraptorinae Cau, Beyrand, Voeten, Fernandez, Tafforeau, Stein, Barsbold, Tsogtbaatar, Currie & Godefroit, 2017
| |-- †Halszkaraptor escuilliei Cau, Beyrand, Voeten, Fernandez, Tafforeau, Stein, Barsbold, Tsogtbaatar, Currie & Godefroit, 2017; L.Cret. EAs.
| `--+-- †Hulsanpes perlei Osmóska, 1982
| `-- †Mahakala omnogovae Turner, Pol, Clarke, Erickson & Norell, 2007 [IGM 100/1033]
|--o †Unenlagiinae Bonaparte, 1999 sensu Turner, Pol, Clarke, Erickson & Norell, 2007, and Novas, Pol, Canale, Porfiri & Calvo, 2009
| |-- †Shanag ashile Turner, Hwang & Norell, 2007 [IGM 100/1119]
| `--o †Unenlagiinae Bonaparte, 1999 sensu Makovicky, Apesteguía & Agnolín, 2005
| |?- †Neuquenraptor argentinus Novas & Pol, 2005
| |-- †Buitreraptor gonzalezorum Makovicky, Apesteguía & Agnolín, 2005
| `--+-- †Austroraptor cabazai Novas, Pol, Canale, Porfiri & Calvo, 2009
| |-- †Rahonavis ostromi (Forster, Sampson, Chiappe & Krause, 1998a) [Rahona ostromi Forster, Sampson, Chiappe & Krause, 1998a]
| `--o †Unenlagia Novas & Puerta, 1997 [incl.? Neuquenraptor argentinus Novas & Pol, 2005]
| |-- †U. comahuensis Novas & Puerta, 1997
| `-- †U. paynemili Calvo, Porfiri & Kellner, 2004
`--o †Dromaeosauridae Matthew & Brown, 1922 sensu Xu, Zhou & Wang, 2000
|?- †Zhenyuanlong suni Lü & Brusatte, 2015; E.Cret. EAs. [feathered]
|--o †Microraptoria Senter, Barsbold, Britt & Burnham, 2004 [Microraptorinae Burnham, Senter, Barsbold & Britt, 2004 sensu Makovicky, Apesteguía & Agnolín, 2005, and Turner, Pol, Clarke, Erickson & Norell, 2007]
| |-- †Bambiraptor feinbergorum Burnham, Derstler, Currie, Bakker, Zhou & Ostrom, 2000 emend. Olshevsky, 2000
| |?- †Changyuraptor yangi G. Han, Chiappe, Ji, Habib, Turner, Chinsamy, Liu &: L. Han, 2014; E.Cret. EAs. [feathered]
| |?- †Hesperonychus elizabethae Longrich & Currie, 2009
| |?- †Tianyuraptor ostromi Zheng, Xu, You, Zhao & Dong, 2009; E.Cret. EAs. [feathered]
| `--+--o †Sinornithosaurus Xu, Wang & Wu, 1999; E.Cret. EAs. [feathered]
| | |-- †S. millenii Xu, Wang & Wu, 1999
| | `-- †S. haoiana Liu, Ji, Tang & Gao, 2004
| `--+-- †Graciliraptor lujiatunensis Xu & Wang, 2004; E.Cret. EAs. [feathered]
| `-- †Microraptor zhaoianus Xu, Zhou & Wang, 2000 [incl. Cryptovolans pauli Czerkas, 2002 (nomen nudum?), Microraptor gui Xu, Zhou, Wang, Kuang, Zhang & Du, 2003; Microraptor hanqingi Gong, Martin, Burnham, Falk & Hou, 2012]; E.Cret. EAs. (four-wing dinosaur) [feathered]
`--o †Eudromaeosauria Longrich & Currie, 2009 [Dromaeosauridae sensu Senter, Barsbold, Britt & Burnham, 2004]
|?- †Atrociraptor marshalli Currie & Varricchio, 2004
|?-+-- †Linheraptor exquisitus Xu, Choiniere, Pittman, Q. Tan, Xiao, Li, L. Tan, Clark, Norell, Hone & Sullivan, 2010; L.Cret. EAs.
| `-- †Tsaagan mangas Norell, Clark, Turner, Makovicky, Barsbold & Rowe, 2006 [IGM 100/1015]; L.Cret. EAs.
|--o †Velociraptorinae Barsbold, 1983
| |-- †Acheroraptor temertyorum Evans, Larson & Currie, 2013; L.Cret. WNAm.
| |-- †Balaur bondoc Csiki, Vremirb, Brusatte & Norell, 2010; L.Cret. EEu.
| `--o †Velociraptor Osborn, 1924a; L.Cret. EAs.
| |-- †V. mongoliensis Osborn, 1924a
| `-- †V. osmolskae Godefroit, Currie, Hong, Yong & Zhi-Ming, 2008
`--o †Dromaeosaurinae Matthew & Brown, 1922
|-- †Adasaurus mongoliensis Barsbold, 1983; L.Cret. EAs.
`--+--o †Saurornitholestes Sues, 1978a; L.Cret. WNAm.
| |-- †S. langstoni Sues, 1978a
| |-- †S. robustus Sullivan, 2006
| `-- †S. sullivani Jasinski, 2015
`--+-- †Deinonychus antirrhopus Ostrom, 1969a; L.Cret. WNAm.
`--+?- †Itemirus medullaris Kurzanov, 1976
|-- †Achillobator giganticus Perle, Norell, & Clark, 1999; L.Cret. WNAm.
|-- †Yurgovuchia doellingi Senter, Kirkland, DeBlieux, Madsen & Toth, 2012 [Yurgovuchia Doellingi (sic.) Senter, Kirkland, DeBlieux, Madsen & Toth, 2012]; E.Cret. WNAm.
`--+-- †Utahraptor ostrommaysi Kirkland, Gaston & Burge, 1993 [U. ostrommaysorum]; L.Cret. WNAm.
`-- †Dromaeosaurus albertensis Matthew & Brown, 1922; L.Cret. WNAm.
Paraves incertae sedis:
†Euronychodon
†E. asiaticus
†E. portucalensis Antunes & Sigogneau-Russell, 1991
†Kitadanisaurus Lambert, 1990 (nomen nudum)
†Koreanosaurus koreanensis (Kim, 1993) Kim, 1979 [Deinonychus koreanensis Kim, 1993] (nomen nudum)
†Ornithodesmus cluniculus [also treated as a troodontid]
Dromaeosauridae incertae sedis:
†Dromaeosauridae genera et species indet. [BPM 1 3-13]
†Dromaeosauridae genera et species indet. [M. Jur. England] [Evans & Milner, 1994] [teeth]
†Paronychodon lacustris Cope, 1876a
†Pyroraptor olympius Allain & Taquet, 2000
†Variraptor mechinorum [nomen dubium?]
†Dromaeosaurus cristatus
†Dromaeosaurus gracilis
†Dromaeosaurus explanatus
†Dromaeosauroides bornholmensis Christiansen & Bonde, 2003 [tooth-taxa]
†Velociratorinae:
†Velociratorinae genera et species indet. [U. Jur. Portugal] [Rahut & Zinke, 1995] [teeth]
†Velociratorinae genera et species indet. [L. Cret. England] [Sweetman, 2004] [teeth] [IWCMS.2002.1., 2., 3., 4.; BMNH R 16510]
†Nuthetes destructor sensu Milner, 2002 [tooth-taxa]
Troodontidae incertae sedis:
†Elopteryx nopscai Andrews, 1913
†Heptasteornis andrewsi Harrison & Walker, 1975
†Koparion douglassi Chure, 1994
†Tochisaurus nemegtensis Kurzanov & Osmólska, 1991
†Tripriodon caperatus Marsh, 1889d
†Zapsalis abradens Cope, 1876b
†Troodontidae genera et species indet. [IGM 100/44]
Alternative phylogenies of Eumaniraptora/Paraves
After Hu, Clarke, Eliason, Qiu, Li, Shawkey, Zhao, D'Alba, Jiang & Xu, 2018
<==o Paraves
|--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidexipteryx
| |-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Yi
`--+--o Avialae
| |-- †Jeholornis
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--+-- †Confuciusornis
| `-- Ornithothoraces
`--+-- †Archaeopteryx
|-- †Wellnhoferia
`--+--o †Anchiornithidae
| |--+-- †Xiaotingia
| | `-- †Caihong
| `--+-- †Anchiornis
| `--+-- †Eosinopteryx
| `-- †Aurornis
|--o †Troodontidae
| |-- †Sinovenator
| |-- †Mei
| `--+-- †Byronosaurus
| |-- †Sinornithoides
| |-- IGM100/44
| `--+-- †Troodon
| |-- †Saurornithoides
| `-- †Zanabazar
`--o †Dromaeosauridae
|--+-- †Unenlagia
| |-- †Buitreraptor
| `-- †Rahonavis
`--+--+-- †Sinornithosaurus
| `--+-- †Microraptor
| `-- NGMC_91
`--+-- †Bambiraptor
`--+-- IGM100/1015
|-- †Adasaurus
`--+-- †Velociraptor
|-- †Saurornitholestes
`--+-- †Deinonychus
`--+-- †Achillobator
|-- †Atrociraptor
`--+-- †Dromaeosaurus
`-- †Utahraptor
Reference(s):
- Hu, D., Clarke, J. A., Eliason, C. M., Qiu, R., Li, Q., Shawkey, M. D., Zhao, C., D'Alba, L., Jiang, J. & Xu, X., 2018: A bony-crested Jurassic dinosaur with evidence of iridescent plumage highlights complexity in early paravian evolution.
–Nature Communications: Vol. 9, #1, Art.nr. 217, pp. (1-12) [doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02515-y]
|
After Cau, Beyrand, Voeten, Fernandez, Tafforeau, Stein, Barsbold, Tsogtbaatar, Currie & Godefroit, 2017
<==o Paraves
|--o †Dromaeosauridae
| |--o †Halszkaraptorinae
| | |-- †Halszkaraptor
| | `--+-- †Hulsanpes
| | `-- †Mahakala
| `--+--o †Unenlagiinae
| | |-- †Austroraptor
| | `--+-- †Buitreraptor
| | |-- †Neuquenraptor
| | `-- †Unenlagia
| `--+-- †Shanag
| `--+-- †Zhenyuanlong
| `--+--o †Microraptorinae
| | |-- †Changyuraptor
| | |-- †Graciliraptor
| | |-- †Microraptor
| | |-- NGMC_91
| | |-- †Sinornithosaurus
| | `-- †Hesperonychus
| `--+-- †Bambiraptor
| `--+-- †Tianyuraptor
| `--o †Eudromaeosauria
| |--+-- †Achillobator
| | `--+-- †Dromaeosaurus
| | `-- †Utahraptor
| `--+-- †Adasaurus
| `--+--+-- †Deinonychus
| | `-- †Saurornitholestes
| `--o †Velociraptorinae
| |-- †Linheraptor
| |-- †Tsaagan
| `-- †Velociraptor mongoliensis
`--+--o †Troodontidae
| |-- †Jinfengopteryx
| |-- †Mei
| |-- †Sinovenator
| `--+-- †Sinusonasus
| `--+-- MPC_D_100_44
| |-- †Sinornithoides
| |-- †Xixiasaurus
| |--+-- †Byronosaurus
| | `-- †Gobivenator
| `--+-- †Borogovia
| |-- †Linhevenator
| |-- †Philovenator
| |-- †Talos
| |-- †Troodon
| |-- †Zanabazar
| `--+-- MPC_D_100_140
| `-- †Saurornithoides
`--o Avialae
|--o †Anchiornithidae
| |--+-- †Xiaotingia
| | `-- †Yixianosaurus
| `--+-- †Anchiornis
| `--+-- †Eosinopteryx
| `--+-- †Aurornis
| `-- †Serikornis
`--+-- †Archaeopteryx
`--+--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidexipteryx
| `--+-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Yi
`--+-- †Rahonavis
`--+-- †Balaur
`--+--+-- †Jixiangornis
| `-- †Shenzhouraptor
`--+-- †Sapeornis
`--+--+-- †Zhongornis
| `-- †Zhongjianornis
`--+--+-- †Changchenornis
| `-- †Confuciusornis
`-- Ornithothoraces
Reference(s):
- Cau, A., Beyrand, V., Voeten, D. F. A. E., Fernandez, V., Tafforeau, P., Stein, K., Barsbold, R., Tsogtbaatar, K., Currie, P. J. & Godefroit, P., 2017: Synchrotron scanning reveals amphibious ecomorphology in a new clade of bird-like dinosaurs.
–Nature: Vol. 552, #7685, pp. 395-399 [doi: 10.1038/nature24679]
|
After Foth & Rauhut, 2017
<==o Paraves
|-- †Xiaotingia
`--+-- †Jinfengopteryx
`--o Eumaniraptora
|--o †Dromaeosauridae
| |-- †Buitreraptor
| |-- †Rahonavis
| |-- †Bambiraptor
| |-- †Sinornithosaurus
| |-- †Microraptor
| |-- †Tianyuraptor
| |-- †Graciliraptor
| |-- †Mahakala
| |-- †Hesperonychus
| |-- †Pyroraptor
| |--+-- †Austroraptor
| | `-- †Unenlagia
| `--+-- †Saurornitholestes
| |-- †Deinonychus
| |-- †Tsaagan
| |--+-- †Adasaurus
| | `-- †Velociraptor mongoliensis
| `--+-- †Achillobator
| |-- †Dromaeosaurus
| |-- †Utahraptor
| ´-- †Atrociraptor
`--+--o †Troodontidae
| |--+-- IGM100/1126
| | `-- IMG100/1323
| `--+-- †Sinovenator
| |-- †Mei
| `--+-- IGM100/44
| |-- †Sinusonasus
| `--+-- †Sinornithoides
| `--+--+-- †Xixiasaurus
| | `-- †Byronosaurus
| `--+-- †Troodon
| `--+-- †Saurornithoides
| `-- †Zanabazar
`--o Avialae
|--o †Anchiornithidae Foth & Rauhut, 2017
| |-- †Xiaotingia
| `--+-- †Ostromia
| |-- †Pedopenna
| |-- †Anchiornis
| `-- †Eosinopteryx
`--+-- †Archaeopteryx
`--+-- †Epidexipteryx
`--+-- †Balaur
`--+-- †Sapeornis
`--+-- †Jeholornis
`--+-- †Jixiangornis
`--+-- †Confuciusornis
|-- †Patagopteryx
|-- †Vorona
|-- †Liaoningornis
|-- †Enantiornithes
`-- Ornithuromorpha
Reference(s):
- Foth, C. & Rauhut, O. W. M., 2017: Re-evaluation of the Haarlem Archaeopteryx and the radiation of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs.
–BMC Evolutionary Biology: Vol. 17, #1, Art.nr. 236, pp. 1-16 [doi: 10.1186/s12862-017-1076-y]
|
After Lefèvre, Cau, Cincotta, Hu, Chinsamy, Escuillié & Godefroit, 2017
<==o Paraves
|--+--+-- †Xiaotingia
| | `-- †Yixianosaurus
| `--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidexipteryx
| `--+-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Yi
`--+--+--+-- †Aurornis
| | `-- †Pedopenna
| `--+-- †Eosinopteryx
| `-- †Serikornis
`--+-- †Anchiornis
`--o Eumaniraptora
|--o Avialae
| |-- †Archaeopteryx
| `--+-- †Rahonavis
| `--+-- †Balaur
| `--+--o †Jeholornithidae
| | |-- †Jixiangornis
| | `-- †Shenzhouraptor
| `--+-- †Zhongornis
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--+-- †Zhongjianornis
| `--+-- †Confuciusornis
| `-- Ornithothoraces
`--o †Deinonychosauria
|--o †Troodontidae
| |--+-- †Mei
| | `-- †Jinfengopteryx
| `--+-- †Sinovenator
| `--+-- †Sinusonasus
| `--+-- †Sinornithoides
| `--+--+-- †Byronosaurus
| | `-- †Gobivenator
| `--+-- †Saurornithoides
| |-- †Zanabazar
| `--+-- †Borogovia
| `-- †Troodon
`--o †Dromaeosauridae
|--o †Mahakala clade
| |-- MC_D102_108
| `-- †Mahakala
`--+--o †Unenlagiinae
| |-- †Austroraptor
| `--+-- †Buitreraptor
| |-- †Neuquenraptor
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+--o †Microraptorinae
| |-- †Changyuraptor
| `--+-- †Microraptor
| `-- †Sinornithosaurus
`--+-- †Tianyuraptor
`--+-- †Zhenyuanlong
`--+-- †Bambiraptor
`--+--o †Velociraptorinae
| |-- †Linheraptor
| |-- †Tsaagan
| `-- †Velociraptor mongoliensis
`--o †Dromaeosaurinae
|-- †Adasaurus
`--+-- †Deinonychus
`--+-- †Achillobator
`--+-- †Dromaeosaurus
`-- †Utahraptor
Reference(s):
- Lefèvre, U., Cau, A., Cincotta, A., Hu, D., Chinsamy, A., Escuillié, F. & Godefroit, P., 2017: A new Jurassic theropod from China documents a transitional step in the macrostructure of feathers.
–The Science of Nature: Vol. 104, #9, Art.nr. 74, pp. 1-13 [doi: 10.1007/s00114-017-1496-y]
|
After Xu, Zheng, Sullivan, Wang, Xing, Wang, Zhang, O'Connor, Zhang & Pan, 2015
<==o Paraves
|--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidexipteryx
| |-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Yi
`--o Eumaniraptora
|--o Avialae
| |-- †Jeholornis
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--o Pygostylia
| |-- †Confuciusornis
| `--+-- †Enantiornithes
| `-- Euornithes
`--+--+-- †Archaeopteryx
| `-- †Wellnhoferia
`--+--+-- †Anchiornis
| `-- †Xiaotingia
`--o †Deinonychosauria
|--o †Troodontidae
| |-- †Sinovenator
| |-- †Mei
| `--+-- †Byronosaurus
| |-- †Sinornithoides
| |-- IGM 100/44
| `--+-- †Troodon
| |-- †Saurornithoides
| `-- †Zanabazar
`--o †Dromaeosauridae
|--o †Unenlagiinae
| |-- †Buitreraptor
| `--+-- †Rahonavis
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+--o †Microraptorinae
| |-- †Sinornithosaurus
| `--+-- NGM91
| `-- †Microraptor
`==o †“Velociraptorinae”
|-- †Bambiraptor
`--+-- IGM100/1015
|-- †Adasaurus
`--+-- †Velociraptor
|-- †Saurornitholestes
`--+-- †Deinonychus
`--o †Dromaeosaurinae
|-- †Achillobator
|-- †Atrociraptor
`--+-- †Dromaeosaurus
`-- †Utahraptor
Reference(s):
- Xu, X., Zheng, X., Sullivan, C., Wang, X., Xing, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., O'Connor, J. K., Zhang, F. & Pan, Y., 2015: A bizarre Jurassic maniraptoran theropod with preserved evidence of membranous wings.
–Nature: Vol. 521, #7550, pp. 70-73 [doi: 10.1038/nature14423]
|
After Foth, Tischlinger & Rauhut, 2014 (ext. fig. 7)
<==o Paraves
|-- †Yixianosaurus
`--+-- †Jinfengopteryx
`--+--o †Dromaeosauridae
| |?- †Hesperonychus
| |?- †Tianyuraptor
| |-- †Mahakala
| |?- †Pyroraptor
| `--+--+-- †Rahonavis
| | `--+-- †Buitreraptor
| | `--+-- †Austroraptor
| | `-- †Unenlagia
| `--+--+-- †Graciliraptor
| | `--+-- †Sinornithosaurus
| | `-- †Microraptor
| `--+-- †Bambiraptor
| `--+--+-- †Adasaurus
| | `-- †Velociraptor
| |--+-- IGM 100/1015
| | `-- †Tsaagan
| `--+-- †Deinonychus
| |?- †Saurornitholestes
| `--+-- †Achillobator
| |-- †Atrociraptor
| |-- †Dromaeosaurus
| `-- †Utahraptor
`--+--o †Troodontidae
| |--+-- IGM 100/1323
| | `-- IGM 1000/1126
| `--+-- †Sinovenator
| |-- †Mei
| `--+-- IGM 100/44
| |-- †Sinusonasus
| `--+-- †Sinornithoides
| `--+--+-- †Byronosaurus
| | `-- †Xixiasaurus
| `--+-- †Troodon
| `--+-- †Saurornithoides
| `-- †Zanabazar
`--o Avialae
|--+-- †Xiaotingia
| `--+-- †Pedopenna
| |-- †Anchiornis
| `-- †Eosinopteryx
`--+-- †Archaeopteryx
`--+-- †Balaur
`--+-- †Epidexipteryx
`--+-- †Sapeornis
`--+-- †Jeholornis
`--+-- †Jixiangornis
`--+-- †Confuciusornis
`--+-- †Enantiornithes
`-- Ornithuromorpha
Reference(s):
- Foth, C., Tischlinger, H. & Rauhut, O. W. M., 2014: New specimen of Archaeopteryx provides insights into the evolution of pennaceous feathers.
–Nature: Vol. 511, #7507, pp. 79-82 [doi: 10.1038/nature13467]
|
After Godefroit, Cau, Hu, Escuillie, Wu & Dyke, 2013
<==o Paraves
|--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Epidexipteryx
`--+-- †Eosinopteryx
`--o Eumaniraptora
|-- †Dromaeosauridae s.s.
`--+--o †Troodontidae
| |-- †Jinfengopteryx
| `--+-- †Mei
| `--+-- †Sinovenator
| `--+-- †Sinusonasus
| `--+-- †Byronosaurus
| `--+-- †Sinornithoides
| `--+-- †Saurornithoides
| |-- †Troodon
| `-- †Zanabazar
`--o Avialae
|-- †Aurornis
`--+-- †Anchiornis
`--+-- †Archaeopteryx
`--+-- †Xiaotingia
`--+--+-- †Shenzouraptor
| `-- †Rahonavis
`--+-- †Balaur
`--+-- †Sapeornis
`--+-- †Confuciusornis
`--+-- †Enantiornithes
`-- Euornithes
Reference(s):
- Godefroit, P., Cau, A., Hu, D.-Y., Escuillie, F., Wu, W. & Dyke, G., 2013: A Jurassic avialan dinosaur from China resolves the early phylogenetic history of birds.
–Nature: Vol. 498, #7454, pp. 359-362 [doi: 10.1038/nature12168]
|
After Godefroit, Demuynck, Dyke, Hu, Escuillie & Claeys, 2013
<==o Paraves
|--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Epidexipteryx
`--o Eumaniraptora
|--o Avialae
| |-- †Jeholornis
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--+-- †Confuciusornis
| `--+-- †Enantiornithes
| `-- Euornithes
`--o †Deinonychosauria
|-- †Wellhoferia
|-- †Archaeopteryx
`--+-- †Dromaeosauridae s.s.
`--o †Troodontidae
|-- †Xiaotingia
`--+--+-- †Anchiornis
| `-- †Eosinopteryx
`--+-- †Jinfengopteryx
`--+-- †Sinovenator
`--+-- †Mei
`--+-- †Byronosaurus
`--+-- †Sinornithoides
`--+-- †Saurornithoides
|-- †Troodon
`-- †Zanabazar
Reference(s):
- Godefroit, P., Demuynck, H., Dyke, G., Hu, D., Escuillie, F. & Claeys, P., 2013: Reduced plumage and flight ability of a new Jurassic paravian theropod from China.
–Nature Communications: Vol. 4, #1394, pp. 1-6 [doi: 10.1038/ncomms2389]
|
After Turner, Makovicky & Norell, 2012
<==o Paraves
|--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| `-- †Epidexipteryx
`--o Eumaniraptora
|--o Avialae
| |-- †Archaeopteryx
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--+-- †Jeholornis
| `--+-- †Jixiangornis
| `--o Pygostylia
| |-- †Confuciusornis
| `--+-- †Enantiornithes
| `-- Euornithes
`--o †Deinonychosauria
|--o †Troodontidae
| |--+-- †Xiaotingia
| | `-- †Anchiornis
| `--+--o †Jinfengopteryginae
| | |-- IGM 100/1323
| | `--+-- IGM 1000/1126
| | `-- †Jinfengopteryx
| `--+--+-- †Mei
| | `--+-- †Sinovenator
| | `-- †Xixiasaurus
| `--+-- IGM 100/44
| `--+-- †Byronosaurus
| `--+-- †Sinornithoides
| `--+-- †Troodon
| `--+-- †Zanabazar
| `-- †Saurornithoides
`--o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Mahakala
`--+--o †Unenlagiinae
| |-- †Rahonavis
| `--+-- †Buitreraptor
| `--+-- †Austroraptor
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+-- †Shanag
`--+--o †Microraptorinae
| |-- †Tianyuraptor
| |-- †Graciliraptor
| |-- †Microraptor
| |-- †Sinornithosaurus
| `-- †Hesperonychus
`--+--o †Dromaeosaurinae
| |-- †Achillobator
| |-- †Atrociraptor
| |-- †Dromaeosaurus
| `-- †Utahraptor
`--o †Velociraptorinae
|-- †Bambiraptor
`--+-- †Tsaagan
`--+-- †Saurornitholestes
`--+-- †Adasaurus
|-- †Balaur
|-- †Deinonychus
`-- †Velociraptor
Reference(s):
- Turner, A. H., Makovicky, P. J. & Norell, M. A., 2012: A Review of Dromaeosaurid Systematics and Paravian Phylogeny.
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #371, pp. 1-206 [doi: 10.1206/748.1]
|
After Xu, You, Du & Han, 2011
<==o Paraves
|--o Avialae
| |-- †Epidexipteryx
| `--+-- †Jeholornis
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--+-- †Confuciusornis
| `--+-- †Enantiornithes
| `-- Euornithes
`--o †Deinonychosauria
|--o †Archaeopterygidae
| |-- †Archaeopteryx
| `--+-- †Anchiornis
| `-- †Xiaotingia
`--+-- †Troodontidae
`--o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Unenlagiinae
`--+-- †Microraptoriinae
`--+-- †Velociraptorinae
`-- †Dromaeosaurinae
Reference(s):
- Xu, X., You, H., Du, K. & Han, F., 2011: An Archaeopteryx-like theropod from China and the origin of Avialae.
–Nature: Vol. 475, #7357, pp. (465-470) [doi: 10.1038/nature10288]
|
After Agnolin & Novas, 2011
<==o Paraves
|--o †Scansoriopterygidae
| |-- †Epidentrosaurus
| `-- †Epidexipteryx
|--o †Alvarezsauridae
| |-- †Alvarezsaurus
| |-- †Patagonykus
| `--+-- †Shuvuuia
| `-- †Mononykus
`--o Eumaniraptora
|--+--o †Unenlagiidae
| | |-- †Rahonavis
| | `--+-- †Unenlagia
| | `--+-- †Austroraptor
| | `-- †Buitreraptor
| `--o Avialae
| |-- †Archaeopteryx
| |-- †Wellnhoferia
| `--+-- †Jeholornis
| `--+-- †Sapeornis
| `--+-- †Confuciusornis
| `--+-- †Enantiornithes
| `-- Euornithes
`--o †Deinonychosauria
|--o †Troodontidae
| |-- †Anchiornis
| `--+-- †Sinovenator
| `--+-- †Mei
| `--+-- †Byronosaurus
| `--+-- IGM100/44
| |-- †Sinornithoides
| `--+-- †Troodon
| `--+-- †Saurornithoides
| `-- †Zanabazar
`--o †Dromaeosauridae s.s.
|--+-- †Sinornithosaurus
| `--+-- NGMC91 (“Dave”)
| `-- †Microraptor
`--+-- †Bambiraptor
`--+-- †Saurornitholestes
|-- †Adasaurus
|-- †Tsaagan
`--+--+-- †Hagryphus
| `-- †Velociraptor
`--+-- †Deinonychus
`--+-- †Atrociraptor
`--+-- †Achillobator
`--+-- †Utahraptor
`-- †Dromaeosaurus
Reference(s):
- Agnolin, F. & Novas, F. E., 2011: Unenlagiid theropods: are they members of the Dromaeosauridae (Theropoda, Maniraptora)?
–Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências: Vol. 83, #1, pp. 117-162
|
Afternative phylogenies of Dromaeosauridae:
After Sues & Averianov, 2014 (using datamatrix from Turner et al., 2012)
<==o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Mahakala
`--+-- †Tianyuraptor
|-- †Sinornithosaurus
|-- †Microraptor
|-- †Graciliraptor
|-- †Hesperonychus
|-- †Pyroraptor
|-- †Neuquenraptor
|-- †Shanag
|--+-- †Rahonavis
| `--+-- †Austroraptor
| |-- †Buitreraptor
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+-- †Bambiraptor
`--+-- †Saurornitholestes
|--+-- †Deinonychus
| `--+-- †Adasaurus
| `--+-- †Velociraptor
| `-- †Balaur
`--+-- †Tsaagan
`--+-- †Achillobator
|-- †Atrociraptor
|-- †Dromaeosaurus
|-- †Itemirus
`-- †Utahraptor
Reference(s):
- Sues, H.-D. & Averianov, A., 2014: Dromaeosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan and the phylogenetic position of Itemirus medullaris Kurzanov, 1976.
–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 51, #0, pp. 225-240 [doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2014.06.007]
|
After Evans, Larson & Currie, 2013
<==o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Microraptoria
`--+--+-- †Bambiraptor
| `-- †Saurornitholestes
`--+--+-- †Deinonychus
| `-- †Atrociraptor
`--+--+-- †Utahraptor
| |-- †Achillobator
| |-- †Dromaeosaurus
| `-- †Balaur
`--o †Velociraptorinae
|-- “Bayanshiree” taxon
`--+-- †Acheroraptor
`--+-- †Velociraptor mongoliensis
`--+-- †Adasaurus
|-- †Tsaagan
`-- †Velociraptor osmolskae
|
After Senter, Kirkland, DeBlieux, Madsen & Toth, 2012
<==o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Xiaotingia
`--+--o †Unenlagiinae
| |--+-- †Austroraptor
| | `-- †Mahakala
| `--+-†Buitreraptor
| |-- †Rahonavis
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+-- †Shanag
`--+--o †Microraptoria
| |-- †Tianyuraptor
| `--+-- †Hesperonychus
| `--+-- †Microraptor
| `--+-- †Sinornithosaurus
| |-- †Graciliraptor
| `-- †Cryptovolans
`--o †Eudromaeosauria
|-- †Bambiraptor
`--+--o †Velociraptorinae
| |-- †Adasaurus
| `--+-- †Tsaagan
| `-- †Velociraptor
`--o †Dromaeosaurinae
|-- †Deinonychus
`--+-- †Achillobator
|-- †Dromaeosaurus
|-- †Utahraptor
`-- †Yurgovuchia
|
After Zheng, Xu, You, Zhao & Dong, 2009
<==o †Dromaeosauridae
|--o †Unenlagiinae
| |-- †Buitreraptor
| |-- †Rahonavis
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+-- †Bambiraptor
|-- †Tianyuraptor
|-- †Tsaagan
|-- †Adasaurus
|--+-- †Sinornithosaurus
| `--+-- †Microraptor
| `-- NGMC91
`--+-- †Velociraptor
|-- †Saurornitholestes
`--+-- †Deinonychus
`--+-- †Atrociraptor
`--+-- †Achillobator
`--+-- †Dromaeosaurus
`-- †Utahraptor
|
After Novas, Pol, Canale, Porfiri & Calvo, 2009
<==o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Mahakala
`--+--+--o †Dromaeosaurinae
| | |-- †Achillobator
| | |-- †Adasaurus
| | |-- †Dromaeosaurus
| | `-- †Utahraptor
| `--o †Velociraptorinae
| |-- †Tsaagan
| `--+-- †Saurornitholestes
| `--+-- †Velociraptor
| `-- †Deinonychus
`--o †Microraptorinae [paraphyletic]
|-- †Sinornithosaurus
|--+-- †Graciliraptor
| `-- †Microraptor
`--o †Unenlagiinae
|-- †Shanag
`--+-- †Buitreraptor
`--+-- †Austroraptor
|-- †Rahonavis
`-- †Unenlagia
|
After Turner, Pol, Clarke, Erickson & Norell, 2007
<==o †Dromaeosauridae
|-- †Mahakala
`--+--+--o †Microraptorinae
| | |-- †Bambiraptor
| | `--+-- †Sinornithosaurus
| | `--+-- †Graciliraptor
| | `-- †Microraptor
| `--o †Unenlagiinae
| |-- †Shanag
| `--+-- †Buitreraptor
| `--+-- †Rahonavis
| `-- †Unenlagia
`--+?- †Atrociraptor
|--o †Dromaeosaurinae
| |-- †Adasaurus
| |-- †Dromaeosaurus
| `--+-- †Achillobator
| `-- †Utahraptor
`--o †Velociraptorinae
|-- †Tsaagan
`--+-- †Saurornitholestes
`--+-- †Velociraptor
`-- †Deinonychus
|
Afternative phylogenies of Troodontidae:
After Xu, Tan, Sullivan, Han & Xiao, 2011
<==o †Troodontidae
|-- †Sinovenator
`--+-- †Anchiornis
`--+-- †Mei
`--+-- †Byronosaurus
`--+-- IGM100/44
`--+-- †Sinornithoides
`--+-- †Troodon
|-- †Linhevenator
`--+-- †Saurornithoides
`-- †Zanabazar
Reference:
- Xu, X., Tan, Q., Sullivan, C., Han, F.-l. & Xiao, D., 2011: A Short-Armed Troodontid Dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia and Its Implications for Troodontid Evolution.
–Plos One: Vol. 6, #9, e22916, pp. 1-12 [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022916]
|
After Zanno, Varricchio, O'Connor, Titus & Knell, 2011
<==o †Troodontidae
|?- †Sinovenator [alt. pos. 1.]
`--+--+?- †Sinovenator [alt. pos. 2.]
| `-- †Mei
`--+-- IGM100/44
`--+-- †Sinornithoides
`--+?- †Talos [alt. pos. 1.]
`--+-- †Byronosaurus
`--+-- †Talos [alt. pos. 2.]
`--+--+-- †Saurornithoides
| `?- †Talos [alt. pos. 3.]
`--+-- †ZanabazarTroodon
Reference:
- Zanno, L. E., Varricchio, D. J., O'Connor, P. M., Titus, A. L. & Knell, M. J., 2011: A New Troodontid Theropod, Talos sampsoni gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous Western Interior Basin of North America.
–Plos One: Vol. 6, #9, pp. e24487 (24481-24420) [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024487]
|
After Senter, Kirkland, DeBlieux, Madsen & Toth, 2012
<==o †Troodontidae
|-- †Anchiornis
`--+-- †Sinovenator
`--+-- †Sinusonasus
`--+-- †Geminiraptor
`--+-- †Byronosaurus
`--+--+-- †Mei
| `-- †Sinornithoides
`--+-- †Xixiasaurus
`--+-- IGM100/44
`--+--+-- †Troodon
| `-- †Borogovia
`--+-- †Saurornithoides
`-- †Zanabazar
Reference:
- Senter, P., Kirkland, J. I., DeBlieux, D. D., Madsen, S. & Toth, N., 2012: New Dromaeosaurids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Utah, and the Evolution of the Dromaeosaurid Tail.
–Plos One: Vol. 7, #5, pp. e36790 (1-20) [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036790]
|
After Xu, Zhao, Sullivan, Tan, Sander & Ma, 2012
<==o †Troodontidae
|-- †Anchiornis
`--+-- †Sinovenator
|-- †Mei
|-- †Sinornithoides
`--+-- †Sinusonasus
`--+-- †Troodon
|-- †Saurornithoides
`--+-- †Linhevenator
`-- †Philovenator
Reference:
- Xu, X., Zhao, Q., Sullivan, C., Tan, Q.-W., Sander, P. M. & Ma, Q.-Y., 2012: The taxonomy of the troodontid IVPP V 10597 reconsidered.
–Vertebrata PalAsiatica: Vol. 50, #2, pp. 140-150
|
After Gao, Morschhauser, Varricchio, Liu & Zhao, 2012
<==o †Troodontidae
|-- †Sinovenator
`--+-- †Anchiornis
`--+-- †Talos
|-- †Byronosaurus
|-- †Mei
`--+-- IGM100/44
|-- †Sinornithoides
`--+-- †Troodon
|--+-- †Philovenator
| `-- †Linheraptor
`--+-- †Saurornithoides
`-- †Zanabazar
Reference:
- Gao, C., Morschhauser, E. M., Varricchio, D. J., Liu, J. & Zhao, B., 2012: A Second Soundly Sleeping Dragon: New Anatomical Details of the Chinese Troodontid Mei long with Implications for Phylogeny and Taphonomy.
–Plos One: Vol. 7, #9, e45203, pp.1-17 [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045203]
|
Reference(s):
- Agnolin, F. & Novas, F. E., 2011: Unenlagiid theropods: are they members of the Dromaeosauridae (Theropoda, Maniraptora)?
–Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências: Vol. 83, #1, pp. 117-162
- Allain, R. & Taquet, P., 2000: A new genus of Dromaeosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of France.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #2: pp. 404-407
- Averianov, A. O. & Sues, H.-D., 2007: A new troodontid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian of Uzbekistan, with a review of troodontid records from the territories of the former Soviet Union.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 27, #1, pp. 87–98
- Bonde, N. & Christiansen, P., 2003: New dinosaurs from Denmark [Nouveaux dinosaures du Danemark].
–Comptes Rendus Palevol: Vol. 2, #1, pp. 13-26
- Burnham, D., Senter, P., Barsbold, R. & Britt, B. B., 2004: Phylogeny of the Dromaeosauridae.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 24, #3, Supplement to #3, pp. 42A
- Britt, B. B., 2001: New osteological data and the affinities of Utahraptor from the Cedar Mountain Fm. (Early Cretaceous) of Utah.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #3, Supplement to #3, pp. A36
- Calvo, J.O., Porfiri, J.D. & Kellner, A.W. (2004). On a new maniraptoran dinosaur (Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina.
–Arq. Mus. Nacional. Rio de Janeiro 62: 549-566
- Cau, A., Beyrand, V., Voeten, D. F. A. E., Fernandez, V., Tafforeau, P., Stein, K., Barsbold, R., Tsogtbaatar, K., Currie, P. J. & Godefroit, P., 2017: Synchrotron scanning reveals amphibious ecomorphology in a new clade of bird-like dinosaurs.
–Nature: Vol. 552, #7685, pp. 395-399 [doi: 10.1038/nature24679]
- Clark, J. M., Norell, M. A. & Makovicky, P. J., 2002: Cladistic Approaches to the Relationships of Birds to Other Theropod Dinosaurs. 31-61.
in Chiappe, L. M. & Witmer, L. M., (eds.) 2002: Mesozoic Birds - Above the Heads of Dinosaurs.
–University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 2002, xii-520
- Csiki, Z., Vremirb, M., Brusatte, S. L. & Norell, M. A., 2010: An aberrant island-dwelling theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Romania.
–PNAS: Vol. 107, #35, pp. 15357–15361 [doi: 10.1073/pnas.1006970107]
- Evans, D., Larson, D. & Currie, P., 2013: A new dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) with Asian affinities from the latest Cretaceous of North America.
–Naturwissenschaften: Vol. 100, #11, pp. (1041-1049) [doi: 10.1007/s00114-013-1107-5]
- Evans, S. E. & Milner, A. R., 1994: Middle Jurassic microvertebrate assemblages from the British Isles. 303-321.
in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H.-D., (eds.) 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs - Early Mesozoic Tetrapods.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, 1994, x-433
- Foth, C. & Rauhut, O. W. M., 2017: Re-evaluation of the Haarlem Archaeopteryx and the radiation of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs.
–BMC Evolutionary Biology: Vol. 17, #1, Art.nr. 236, pp. 1-16 [doi: 10.1186/s12862-017-1076-y]
- Foth, C., Tischlinger, H. & Rauhut, O. W. M., 2014: New specimen of Archaeopteryx provides insights into the evolution of pennaceous feathers.
–Nature: Vol. 511, #7507, pp. 79-82 [doi: 10.1038/nature13467]
- Gao, C., Morschhauser, E. M., Varricchio, D. J., Liu, J. & Zhao, B., 2012: A Second Soundly Sleeping Dragon: New Anatomical Details of the Chinese Troodontid Mei long with Implications for Phylogeny and Taphonomy.
–Plos One: Vol. 7, #9, e45203, pp.1-17 [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045203]
- Gianechini, F. A. & Apesteguia, S., 2011: Unenlagiinae revisited: dromaeosaurid theropods from South America.
–Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências: Vol. 83, #1, pp. 163-195
- Godefroit, P., Cau, A., Hu, D.-Y., Escuillie, F., Wu, W. & Dyke, G., 2013: A Jurassic avialan dinosaur from China resolves the early phylogenetic history of birds.
–Nature: Vol. 498, #7454, pp. 359-362 [doi: 10.1038/nature12168]
- Godefroit, P., Currie, P. J., Hong, L., Yong, S. C. & Dong, Z.-M., 2008: A new species of Velociraptor (Dinosauria: Dromaeosauridae) from the upper Cretaceous of Northern China.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 28, #2, pp. 432-438 [doi: 10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[432:ansovd]2.0.co;2]
- Godefroit, P., Demuynck, H., Dyke, G., Hu, D., Escuillie, F. & Claeys, P., 2013: Reduced plumage and flight ability of a new Jurassic paravian theropod from China.
–Nature Communications: Vol. 4, Art.nr. 1394, pp. 1-6 [doi: 10.1038/ncomms2389]
- Han, G., Chiappe, L. M., Ji, S.-A., Habib, M., Turner, A. H., Chinsamy, A., Liu, X. & Han, L., 2014: A new raptorial dinosaur with exceptionally long feathering provides insights into dromaeosaurid flight performance.
–Nature Communications: Vol. 5, Art.nr. 4382, pp. 1-9 [doi: 10.1038/ncomms5382]
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