After Lund, 2000, and Gayet, Meunier & Werner, 2002
<==o Cladistia Cope, 1871 sensu Lund, 2000 |--o †Guildayichthyiformes Lund, 2000 | `--o †Guildayichthyidae Lund, 2000 | |-- †Guildayichthys carnegiei Lund, 2000 | `-- †Discoserra pectinodon Lund, 2000 `--o Polypteriformes Bleeker, 1859 [Brachiopterygii] (bichirs; niilinhaukikalat) |?- †Dagetella sudamericana [Dajetella] U. Cret. Pal. WSAm. |?-o †Latinopollia Meunier & Gayet, 1998 [Pollia Meunier & Gayet, 1996; non Pollia, a gastropod] U. Cret. Pal. WSAm. | |-- †L. suarezi (Meunier & Gayet, 1996) | `-- †L. sp. indet. |?- †Serenoichthys kemkemensis Dutheil, 1999a., U. Cret. Af. |?-o †Bartschichthys U. Cret. Af. | |-- †B. arnoulti | |-- †B. napatensis | `-- †B. tubularis |?-o †Sudania U. Cret. Af. | |-- †S. gracilis | `-- †S. oblonga |?-o †Saharaichthys U. Cret. Af. | |-- †S. nigeriensis | |-- †S. africanus |?-o †Sainthilaria U. Cret. Af. | |-- †S. falciformis | |-- †S. intermedia | |-- †S. beccussiformis | |-- †S. elongata | `-- †S. grandis |?-o †Inbecetemia U. Cret. Af. | |-- †I. torta | `-- †I. tortissima |?- †Nagaia extrema U. Cret. Af. `--o Polypteridae Günther, 1870 sensu stricto? (niilinhauet; bichirs) |?- †Polypteridae genera et species indet. |?- †Bawitius bartheli (Schaal, 1984) Grandstaff, Smith, Lamanna, Lacovara & Abdel-Ghani, 2012 [†Polypterus? bartheli Schaal, 1984] |-- Calamoichthys calabaricus (Smith, 1865) [Erpetoichthys] (käärmehauki, käärmekala; Reedfish) `--o Polypterus Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1802; L. Cret. R. Af. (bichirs; niilinhauet) |-- †P. dageti |-- †P. sudanensis |-- P. ansorgii Boulenger, 1910 (Guinean bichir) `--+-- P. retropinnis Vaillant, 1899 (West African bichir) |--o P. palmas Ayres, 1850 (Shortfin bichir) | |-- P. p. buettikoferi Steindachner, 1891 | |-- P. p. palmas Ayres, 1850 (Shortfin bichir) | `-- P. p. polli Gosse, 1988 [treated as species by Gayet, et al., 2002] |--o P. senegalus Cuvier, 1829 (Gray bichir) | |-- P. s. meridionalis Poll, 1941 | `-- P. s. senegalus Cuvier, 1829 (Gray bichir) |--+-- †P. faraou Otero, Likius, Vignaud & Brunet, 2006 | |--o P. bichir Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1802 (bichir; niilinhauki) [type] | | |-- P. b. bichir Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1802 (Nile bichir) | | |-- P. b. katangae Poll, 1941 | | `-- P. b. lapradei Steindachner, 1869 | `--o P. endlicheri Heckel, 1846-49 (Saddled bichir) | |-- P. e. congicus Boulenger, 1898 | `-- P. e. endlicheri Heckel, 1846-49 `--+-- P. delhezi Boulenger, 1899 (Barred bichir) |-- P. ornatipinnis Boulenger, 1902 (Ornate bichir; kirjoniilihauki) `-- P. weeksii Boulenger, 1898 (Mottled bichir)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Dutheil D.B., 1999: The first articulated fossil cladistian: Serenoichthys kemkemensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Cretaceous of Morocco.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 19, #2, pp. 243-246 - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A.Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Gayet, M., Meunier, F. J. & Werner, C., 2002: Diversification in Polypteriformes and special comparison with the Lepisosteiformes.
–Palaeontology: Vol. 45, #2, pp. 361-376 [doi: 10.1111/1475-4983.00241] - Grandstaff, B. S., Smith, J. B., Lamanna, M. C., Lacovara, K. J. & Abdel-Ghani, M. S., 2012: Bawitius, gen. nov., a Giant Polypterid (Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii) from the Upper Cretaceous Bahariya Formation of Egypt.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 32, #1, pp. 17-26 [doi: 10.1080/02724634.2012.626823] - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Lund, R., 2000: The new actinopterygian order Guildayichthyiformes from the Lower Carboniferous of Montana (USA).
–Geodiversitas: Vol. 22, #2, pp. 171-206 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600 - Otero, O., Likius, A., Vignaud, P. & Brunet, M., 2006: A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad.
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 146, #2, pp. 227-237