After Milner, 1994, Laurin & Reisz, 1997, and Frost et al., 2006
<==o Lissamphibia Haeckel, 1866 [Amphibia Gray, 1824 sensu Frost et al., 2006] (nykysammakkoeläimet, modern amphibians) [polyphyletic???] |?- Gymnophiona Rafinesque, 1814 [non J. Müller, 1832] [incl. Apoda Oppel, 1811] (caecilians; matosammakot) `--+-- †Allocaudata Fox & Naylor, 1982 (albanerpentonids) `--o Batrachia Latreille, 1800 |-- Caudata Fischer von Waldheim, 1813 [non Oppel, 1911] (salamanders; pyrstösammakot, salamanterit) `-- Salientia Laurenti, 1768 [incl. Anura Rafinesque, 1815] (frogs & toads; sammakot)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: The amphibian tree of life.
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #297, pp. 1-370 - Laurin, M. & Reisz, R. R., 1997: A new perspective on tetrapod phylogeny. 9-59
in Sumida, S. S. & Martin, K. L. M., 1997: Amniote origins: Completing the transition to Land.
–Academic Press, San Diego, 1997, pp. x-510 - Milner, A. R., 1994: Late Triassic and Jurassic amphibians: Fossil record and phylogeny. 5-23
in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H.-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
–Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994