After Gao & Shubin, 2003, Wang & Evans, 2006, and Frost et al, 2006, with Recent species from Frost, 2000-2002 [“AMNH Amphibian species of the World”]
Alternative (older) phylogeny after Larson, 1996 [“The Tree of Life”]
<==o Caudata Fischer von Waldheim, 1813 [non Scapoli, 1777, non Oppel, 1911] (salamanders, urodeles; pyrstösammakot, salamanterit) |?- †Marmonerpeton Evans, Milner & Musset, 1988; M.Jur. WEu. `--+--o †Karauridae Ivakhnenko, 1978 [Karauroidea Estes, 1981] | |-- †Karaurus sharovi Ivakhnenko, 1978; U.Jur. CAs. | `-- †Kokartus honorarius Nesov, 1988; U.Jur. CAs. `--+--+-- †Jeholotriton paradoxus Wang, 2000; L.Cret. EAs. | `-- †Pangerpeton sinensis Wang & Evans, 2006; U.Jur.?, L.Cret. EAs. |--+-- †Laccotriton subsolanus Gao, Cheng & Xu, 1998; L.Cret. EAs. | `-- †Sinerpeton fengshanensis Gao & Shubin, 2001; L.Cret. EAs. `--o Urodela Duméril, 1806 (Recent salamanders; nykysalamanterit) |?-o †Liaoxitriton Dong & Wang, 1998; L.Cret. EAs. [reassignated as basal Hynobiids by Gao & Shubin, 2012] | |-- †L. zhongjiani Dong & Wang, 1998 | `-- †L. daohugouensis Wang, 2004a `--o Neocaudata Cannatella & Hillis, 1993 |-- Cryptobranchoidei Noble, 1931 sensu Frost et al., 2006 [taxonomic history] (giant salamanders, hellbenders; suursalamanterit) `-- Diadectosalamandroidei Frost et al., 2006 [Salamandriformes Milner, 2000; Salamandroidea Noble, 1931 sensu Larson & Dimmick, 1993] (true salamanders; aitosalamanterit)
Caudata incertae sedis:
†Prosirenoidea Estes, 1981 †Prosirenidae Estes, 1969a †Prosiren elinorae Goin & Auffenburg, 1958
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
–iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html - Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: The amphibian tree of life.
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #297, pp. 1-370 - Gao, K.-Q. & Shubin, N. H., 2003: Earliest known crown-group salamanders.
–Nature: Vol. 422, pp. 424-428 - Gustaffson, J., 2002: [Nykysammakkoeläinten] Suomalaisia nimiä.
–iNet: Suomen herpentologinen yhdistys: http://www.herpentomania.fi/sammakkolampi/suomennokset/suomennokset.html - Larson, A., 1996: Caudata - Salamanders.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Caudata&contgroup=Living_amphibians - Larson, A., 1996-1996: Sirenidae - Sirens.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Sirenidae&contgroup=Caudata - Shishkin, M. A., 2000: Mezosoic amphibians from Mongolia and the Central Asiatic republics. 297-308
in Benton, M. J., Shishkin, M. A., Unvin, D. M. & Kurochkin, E. N., (eds.) 2000: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000 xxxix-696 - Wang, Y. & Evans, S. E., 2006: A new short-bodied salamander from the Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous of China.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 51, #1, pp. 127-130 - Wang, Y. & Rose, C. S., 2005: Jeholotriton paradoxus (Amphibia: Caudata) from the Lower Cretaceous of southeastern Inner Mongolia, China.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 25, #3, pp. 523-532