After Parker, 1982, “The Tree of Life”, Grimaldi & Engel, 2005, and Engel & Grimaldi, 2006
<==o Chrysidoidea Latreille, 1802 |-- †Plumalexius rasnitsyni Brothers, 2011 [Plumalexiidae Brothers, 2011] |--o Plumariidae [Archihymenidae Enderlein, 1918] | |?- †Archihymen Enderlein, 1918 | |-- Maplurius spatulifer Roig-Alsina, 1994 | |-– Mapluroides ogloblini Diez, Fidalgo & Roig-Alsina, 2007 | |-–o Myrmecopterina Bischoff, 1914 | | |-- M. filicornis | | |-– M. minor | | `-– M. priscus | |–- Myrmecopterinella okahandja Day, 1977 | |-–o Plumarius Philippi, 1873 [Konowiella] | | |-- P. brasiliensis | | |-– P. filipalpis | | |-– P. gradifrons | | |-- P. hirticornis | | |-– P. spiniferus | | |–- P. willinki | | `== unlisted species? | |-– Pluroides porteri Diez, Roig-Alsina & Fidalgo, 2010 | `--o Plumaroides Brothers, 1974 | |-- P. andalgalensis Brothers, 1974 | |-- P. aquilus | |-- P. brothersi | |-- P. tapilophus | `-- P. tiphlus `--+--o Scolebythidae Evans, 1963 sensu Engel, Ortega-Blanco & McKellar, 2013 | |?-o †Mirabythus Cai, Shih & Ren, in Cai et al., 2012 | | |-- †M. lechrius | | `-- †M. liae | |--o Scolebythinae Evans, 1963 | | |-- Scolebythus madecassus Evans, 1963; R. Mad. | | `-- Clystopsenella longiventris Kieffer, 1911; R. CAm. SAm. | `--o Pristapenesiinae Engel, Ortega-Blanco & McKellar, 2013 | |--o Ycaploca Nagy, 1975; R. SAf. Oc. | | |-- Y. evansi Nagy, 1975 | | `-- Y. fijianus Beaver, 2002 | `--+-- †Boreobythus turonius Engel & Grimaldi, 2007; E.Cret. ENam. | `--+-- †Libanobythus milkii Prentice & Poinar, in Prentice, Poinar & Milki, 1996; E.Cret. SWAs. | `--+-- †Ectenobythus iberiensis Engel, Ortega-Blanco & McKellar, 2013; L.Cret. SWEu. | `--+-- †Necrobythus pulcher Engel, Ortega-Blanco & McKellar, 2013; L.Cret. WNAm. | |-- †Sphakelobythus limnopous Engel, Ortega-Blanco & McKellar, 2013; L.Cret. WNAm. | |--+-- †Uliobythus terpsichore Engel & Grimaldi, 2007; E.Cret. SWAs. | | `-- †Zapenesia libanica Engel & Grimaldi, 2007; E.Cret. SWAs. | `--+-- †Eobythus patriciae Lacau, Nel, Villemant, Menier, Orliac & De Plöeg, 2000; Eoc. WEu. | `--o Pristapenesia Brues, 1933; M.Eoc. Eu., L.Eoc., E.Mioc. CAm., R. SAm. | |-- †P. inopinata (Prentice & Poinar, in Prentice, Poinar & Milki, 1996) [Dominibythus inopinatus Prentice & Poinar, in Prentice, Poinar & Milki, 1996] | |-- †P. primaeva Brues, 1933 | |-- P. asiatica | `-- P. stricta |--o ?Bethyloidea Haliday, 1839 | |--o Bethylidae | | |--o †Lancepyrinae | | |--o Bethylinae | | |--o Epyrinae | | |--o Pristocerinae | | |--o Mesitiinae | | `--o Scleroderminae | `--o Chrysididae (kultapistiäiset) | |--o Allocoeliinae | |--o Amiseginae | |--o Cleptinae | |--o Chrysidinae | |--o Elampinae | |--o Loboscelidiinae | `--o Parnopinae `--+--o Sclerogibbidae Ashmead (<Embiodea ectoparasitoids>) | |-- †Sclerogibbodes embioleia Engel & Grimaldi, 2006 [†Sclerogibbodinea Engel & Grimaldi, 2006]; L.Cret. SWAs. | `--o Sclerogibbinae Ashmead [incl. Probethylinae Argaman; Caenosclerogibbinae Argaman; Tanynotini Argaman; Parasclerogibbini Argaman] | |?- “Sclerogibba” embiopterae Dodd [incertae sedis] | |-- Caenosclerogibba Yatsumoto | |-- Neosclerogibba Koch (=? jr. synon. Sclerogibba) | |-- Probethylus Ashmead | |-- Parasclerogibba Hamann [Mystrocnemis Kieffer] | `-- Sclerogibba Riggio & Stefani-Perez [Tanynotus Cameron; Prosclerogibbus Kieffer; Cryptobethylus Marshall; Lithobiocerus Bridwell; Poggiana Argaman] `--+--o Embolemidae | |--o †Baissobius Rasnitsyn, 1975 | | |-- †B. carolianus | | |-– †B. minimus | | |-– †B. minutus | | `-– †B. parvus Rasnitsyn, 1975 | |-– †Cretembolemus orapensis Olmi et al., 2014 | |-– †Embolemopsis baissensis Olmi, Rasnitsyn & Guglielmino, 2010 | `--o Embolemus Westwood, 1833 [Ampulicomorpha Ashmead, 1893] | |-- E. africanus | |-– E. andersoni | |-– E. angustipennis | |-– E. apertus | |-– E. australis | |-– E. boraceia | |-– E. bestelmeyeri | |-– E. brandaoi | |-– E. breviscapus | |-– E. capensis | |-– E. collinsi | |-– E. confusus | |-– E. gilli | |-– E. gabonensis | |-– E. gressitti | |-– E. hachijoensis | |-– E. hansoni | |-– E. harteri | |-– E. huberi | |-– †E. janzeni (Ashmead, 1893) [Ampulicomorpha janzeni Ashmead, 1893] | |-– E. kheeli | |-– E. krombeini | |-– E. latus | |-– E. magnus | |-– E. nearcticus | |-– E. neotropicus | |-– E. nepalensis | |-– E. niger | |-– E. notogeicus | |-– E. pecki | |-– E. reticulatus | |-– E. ruddii | |-– E. sanbornei | |-– E. schajovskoyi | |-– E. searsi | |-– E. sensitivus | |-– E. stangei | |-– E. suavis | |-– E. subtilis | |-– E. succinalis | |-– E. walkeri | |-– E. wilkersoni | |-– E. zealandicus | |-– †E. excitus | `-– †E. periallus `--o Dryinidae |--o Anteoninae |--o Aphelopinae |--o Apoaphelopinae |--o Apodryininae |--o Bocchinae |--o Conganteoninae |--o Dryininae |--o Erwiniinae |--o Gonatopodinae |--o Plesiodryininae |--o Transdryininae |--o †Laberitinae |--o †Palaeoanteoninae |--o †Ponomarenkoinae `--o †Protodryininae
Reference(s):
- Anonymous, 2013: Chrysidoidea (visited: 2014-04-13)
–iNet: WikiSpecies: http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chrysidoidea [last updated: 2013-05-13] - Engel, M. S. & Grimaldi, D., 2006: The first Cretaceous sclerogibbid wasp (Hymenoptera: Sclerogibbidae).
–American Museum Novitates: #3515, pp. 1-7 - Engel, M. S., Ortega-Blanco, J. & McKellar, R. C., 2013: New scolebythid wasps in Cretaceous amber from Spain and Canada, with implications for the phylogeny of the family (Hymenoptera: Scolebythidae).
–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 46, pp. 31-42 [doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2013.09.003] - Grimaldi, D. A. & Engel, M. S., 2005: Evolution of the Insects.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005, xv-755 - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 6: Selkärangattomat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beaut, Du Monde Animal XI & XII Invertébrés.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/- Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company