After Crandall, 1995-2000a, b, c, and Martin and Davis, 2001
<==o Astacidea Latreille, 1802 (creyfish-like crabs; suursaksiset ravut) |-- Glypheidae Winkler, 1883 [Glypheoidea Winkler, 1883] [have been treated as palinurans] |-- Enoplometopidae de Saint Laurent, 1988 [Enoplometopoidea de Saint Laurent, 1988] |--o Nephropoidea Dana, 1852 | |-- Thaumastochelidae Bate, 1888 | `-- Nephropidae Dana, 1852 (hummerit) |-- Parastacidae Huxley, 1879 [Parastacoidea Huxley, 1879] (etelänravut 2) `--o Astacoidea Latreille, 1802 |--o Astacidae Latreille, 1802 | |--o Pacifastacus | | |-- P. (Pacifastacus) leniusculus | | `--o (Hobbsastacus) | | |-- P. (H.) connectens | | |-- P. (H.) gambelii | | |-- P. (H.) nigrescens | | |-- †P. (H.) chenoderma | | `-- P. (H.) fortis | `--+--o Astacus | | |-- A. astacus (jokirapu) | | |-- A. leptodactylus (pitkäsaksirapu) | | `-- A. pachypus | `-- Austropotamobius `-- Cambaridae Hobbs, 1942
Reference(s):
- Crandall, K. A., 1995-2000: Astacus.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://bioag.byu.edu/mlbean/crayfish/astacidea/astacidae/astacus/astacus.html - Crandall, K. A., 1995-2000: Decapoda.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/arthropoda/crustacea/decapoda/decapoda.html - Crandall, K. A., 1995-2000: Pacifastacus.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://bioag.byu.edu/mlbean/crayfish/astacidea/astacidae/pacifastacus/pacifastacus.html - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 6: Selkärangattomat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beaut, Du Monde Animal XI & XII Invertébrés.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968. - Martin, J. W. & Davis, G. E., 2001: An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea.
–Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series: Vol. #39, pp. vii-124 - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company