After Messing, ???? based on White, 2000
<==o Comasteridae |?- Aphanocomaster pulcher |--+--o Comatula Lamarck, 1816 [Actinometra Muller, 1841; Validia Clark, 1909] [Comatulinae] | | |-- C. cratera H.L. Clark, 1916 | | |-- C. pectinata (Linnaeus, 1758) [Asterias pectinata Linnaeus, 1758; Alecto purpurea Muller, 1843] | | |-- C. rotalaria Lamarck, 1816 | | `-- C. solaris Lamarck, 1816 | `--o Comactinia [Comasteridae incertae sedis] | |-- C. echinoptera | `-- C. meridionalis `--+--+--o Comatella A.H. Clark, 1908 [paraphyletic Phanogeniinae [Comasterinae]] | | |-- C. maculata (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra maculata Carpenter, 1888] | | |-- C. nigra (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra nigra Carpenter, 1888] | | `-- C. stelligera (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra stelligera Carpenter, 1888] | `--o Alloeocomatella Messing, 1995 [paraphyletic Phanogeniinae [Comasterinae]] | |-- A. pectinifera A.H. Clark, 1911 [Comissia pectinifer Clark, 1911] | `-- A. polycladia Messing, 1995 `--+--o Phagogenia [paraphyletic Phanogeniinae [Comasterinae]] | |-- P. gracilis | `-- P. multibrachiata `--+-- Oxycomanthus bennetti (Muller, 1841) [Alecto bennetti Muller, 1841] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] `--+-- Neocomatella alata [paraphyletic Phanogeniinae [Comasterinae]] `--+--o Comaster L. Agassiz, 1836 [Comanthina Clark, 1909] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] | |?- Comaster multifidus (Muller, 1841) [Alecto multifida Muller, 1841; Actinometra variabilis Bell, 1882; Actinometra belli Carpenter, 1888] | |-- C. audax (Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986) [Comanthina audax Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986] | `--+-- C. nobilis (Carpenter, 1884) [Actinometra nobilis Carpenter, 1884; Actinometra dissimilis Carpenter, 1884] | `-- C. schlegelii (Carpenter, 1881) [Actinometra schlegelii Carpenter, 1881; Comanthus callipeplum Clark, 1915] `--+?- Comanthus alternans (Carpenter, 1881) [Actinometra alternans Carpenter, 1881] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] |--+-- Comanthus gisleni Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986 [paraphyletic Comanthinae] | `--+-- Comanthus suavius Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986 [C. suavia Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] | `-- Comanthus parvicirrus (Muller, 1841) [Alecto parvicirrus Muller, 1841; Actinometra annulata Bell, 1882; Actinometra valida Carpenter, 1888; C. intricata Clark, 1908; C. annulatum xanthum Clark, 1915] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] `--+--o Capillaster A.H. Clark, 1909 [Capillasterinae] | |-- C. asterias A.H. Clark, 1931 | |-- C. multiradiatus (Linnaeus, 1758) [Asterias multiradiata Linnaeus, 1758] | `-- C. sentosa (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra sentosa Carpenter, 1888] `--+-- Comanthus wahlbergii (Muller, 1843) [Alecto wahlbergii Muller, 1843; Commissia ignota Clark, 1911; Commissia hartmeyeri Clark, 1912] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] `--+-- Comanthus mirabilis Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986 [paraphyletic Comanthinae] `--+-- Oxycomanthus exilis Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986 [paraphyletic Comanthinae] |-- Clarkcomanthus luteofuscum (H.L. Clark, 1915) [Comanthus luteofuscum Clark, 1915] [paraphyletic Comanthinae] `--+-- Clarkcomanthus albinotus Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986 [paraphyletic Comanthinae] `-- Clarkcomanthus littoralis (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra littoralis Carpenter, 1888] [paraphyletic Comanthinae]
Australian Comasterids not treated by White, 2000, or species that belong to a paraphyletic genera.
Cenolia A.H. Clark, 1916 [Comanthoides Clark, 1931]
C. benhami (A.H. Clark, 1916) [Comanthus (Cenolia) trichoptera benhami Clark, 1916
C. glebosus Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986
C. spanoschistum H.L. Clark, 1916 [Comanthus spanoschistum Clark, 1916]
C. tasmaniae (A.H. Clark, 1918) [Comanthus tasmaniae Clark, 1918]
C. trichoptera (Muller, 1846) [Comatula trichoptera Muller, 1846]
Clarkcomanthus Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986
Comanthus A.H. Clark, 1908 [Bennettia Clark, 1909; Comantheria Clark, 1909]
C. briareus (Bell, 1882) [Antedon briareus Bell, 1882]
C. delicata (A.H. Clark, 1909) [Phanogenia delicata Clark, 1909]
Comatulella A.H. Clark, 1911
C. brachiolata (Lamarck, 1816) [Comatula brachiolata Lamarck, 1816]
Comissia A.H. Clark, 1909 [Leptonemaster Clark, 1909; Palaeocomatella Clark, 1912]
C. luetkeni A.H. Clark, 1909
C. norfolkensis McKnight, 1977
Oxycomanthus Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986
O. comanthipinna (Gislen, 1922) [Comanthus (Vania) parvicirra comanthipinna Gislen, 1922]
O. japonicus
O. mirus Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986
O. Mülleri Rowe, Hoggett, Birtles & Vail, 1986
O. perplexum (H.L. Clark, 1916) [Comanthus perplexum Clark, 1916]
O. plectrophorum (H.L. Clark, 1916) [Comanthus plectrophorum Clark, 1916]
Phanogenia Loven, 1866
P. distinctus (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra distincta Carpenter, 1888]
P. gracilis (Hartlaub, 1893) [Actinometra gracilis Hartlaub, 1893; P. minima Clark, 1909]
P. multibrachiatus (Carpenter, 1888) [Actinometra multibrachiata Carpenter, 1888]
Reference(s):
- Anonymous, 2004: Australian Faunal Directory. (Updated: 2004-06-22)
–iNet: Australian Covernment: Department of the Environment and Heritage: http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/abif/fauna/afd/group.html; [visited: 2004-06-22] - Messing, C. G., ????: Charles Messing's Comatulid Pages.
–iNet: Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center: http://www.nova.edu/ocean/messing/crinoids/w1title.html; [visited: 2004-06-08] - White, C. M., 2000: Initial inquiry into the phylogeny of the family Comasteridae (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from mitochondrial DNA sequence data.
–Unpublished M. Sc. Thesis, Nova Southeastern University. 86 p.