After McKenna & Bell, 1997, and Barnes, Ray & Koretsky, 2006, with recent species from Nowak, 1991
<==o Otariidae Gill, 1866 [Otariidae: Otariinae sensu Barnes, Ray & Koretsky, 2006] (fur seals and sea lions; korvahylkeet) |?- †Pithanotaria starri Kellogg, 1925 |?- †Thalassoleon mexicanus Repenning & Tedford, 1977 |--o Arctocephalinae [Arctocephalini sensu Barnes, Ray & Koretsky, 2006] (fur seals; merikarhut) | `--o Arctocephalus (etelänmerikarhu) | |-- A. townsendi (guadalupenmerikarhu) | |-- A. philippii (juanfernandesinmerikarhu) | |-- A. galapagoensis (galapagosinmerikarhu) | |-- A. australis (eteläamerikanmerikarhu) | |-- A. tropicalis (amsterdaminsaarenmerikarhu) | |-- A. gazella (kergueleninmerikarhu) | |-- A. forsteri (forsterinmerikarhu) | `-- A. pusillus (afrikanmerikarhu) `--o Otariinae Mitchell, 1966 [Otariini sensu Barnes, Ray & Koretsky, 2006] (sea lions; merileijonat) |-- Callorhinus ursinus (pohjanmerikarhu) `--+--+-- Phocarctos hookeri (uudenseelanninmerileijona) | `--o Zalophus californianus (kalifornianmerileijona) | |-- Z. c. californianus (kalifornianmerileijona) | |-- Z. c. japonica (japaninmerileijona) | `-- Z. c. wollebaeki (galapagosinmerileijona) `--+-- Neophoca cinerea (tasmanianmerileijona, australianmerileijona) `--+-- †Hydrarctos lomasiensis `--+-- Otaria byronia [O. flavescens (Shaw, 1800)] (patagonianmerileijona) `--+-- †Proterozetes ulysses Barnes, Ray & Koretsky, 2006; U.Plioc. ENAm. `-- Eumetopias jubatus (stellerinmerileijona)
Reference(s):
- Barnes, L. G., Ray, C. E. & Koretsky, I. A., 2006: A Pliocene sea lion, Proterozetes ulysses (Mammalia: Otariidae) from Oregon, U.S.A. pp. 57-77
in Csiki, Z., (ed.) 2006: Mesozoic and Cenozoic vertebrates and paleoenviroments – Tributes to the career of Dan Grigorescu.
–Romanian Society of Paleontologists, Bucharest, 2006 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629