<==o "Xenoderminae" ()? |--o Achalinus ()? | |-- A. ater ()? | |-- A. formosanus ()? | |-- A. hainanus ()? | |-- A. jinggangensis ()? | |-- A. meiguensis ()? | |-- A. niger ()? | |-- A. rufescens ()? | |-- A. spinalis ()? | `-- A. werneri ()? |-- Fimbrios klossi Smith, 1920 ()? |--o Oxyrhabdium ()? | |-- O. leporinum ()? | `-- O. modestum ()? |--o Stoliczkaia ()? | |-- S. borneensis ()? | `-- S. khasiensis ()? |-- Xenodermus javanicus Reinhardt, 1836 [Gonionotus plumbeus Gray, 1846 (fide Duméril & Bibron, 1854)] ()? `--o Xylophis ()? |-- X. perroteti ()? `-- X. stenorhynchus ()?
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Holman, J. A., 1987: Herpetofauna of the Egelhoff site (Miocene: Barstovian)
of North-Central Nebraska.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 7, #2, pp. 109-120
Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J.
& Lahti, J., 1980:
Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
--Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original pulication [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal:
IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons
Rizzoli Editore, Milano 1968.
Parmley, D., 1988: Early Hemphillian (Late Miocene) snakes from the Higgins
local fauna of Lipscomb County, Texas.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 8, #3, pp. 322-327
Uetz, P., Etzold, T. & Chenna, R.,
1995-2000: Family Colubridae (Colubrids).
–iNet: The TIGR Reptile Database
[former EMBL Reptile Database]: http://www.embl-heidelberg.de/~uetz/families/Colubridae.html
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© Mikko Haaramo, / Last updated 2002-10-17 / http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/mhaaramo