After Carroll, 1988, and Carr & Hlavin, 2010 (fig. 9B)
<==o †Pachysteomorphi Stensiö, 1944 sensu Carr & Hlavin, 2010 [Dinichthyloidea] |?- †Kiangyousteus yohii Liu, 1955 |--o †Dunkleosteoidea Vézina, 1990 sensu Carr & Hlavin, 2010 | |--o †Panxiosteidae Wang, 1979 sensu Carr & Hlavin, 2010 [incl. Plourdostenidae Vézina, 1990] | | |?-o †Plourdostenidae Vézina, 1990 [have been treated as Coccosteomorphans] | | | |?- †Kimberleyichthys heintzi (Dennis-Bryan & Miles, 1983a) Dennis-Bryan & Miles, 1983b [Kimberia Dennis-Bryan & Miles, 1983a)] | | | `--o †Plourdosteus Ørvig, 1951 [Pelycophorus, Tomaiosteus] U. Dev. Eu. NA. NAs. | | | |-- †P. canadensis (Woodward, 1892) | | | `-- †P. livonicus (Eastman) | | `--o †Panxiosteidae Wang, 1979 | | |-- †Panxiosteus ocullus Wang, 1979 [P. oculus (lapsus calami)] | | `-- †Janiosteus timanicus Ivanov, 1989 | `--oDunkleosteidae Stensiö, 1963 sensu Carr & Hlavin, 2010 | `==o †Eastmanosteus Obruchev, 1964 [Perissognathus Hussakof & Bryant, 1918] M. Dev. NAf. M.-U. Dev. NA. U. Dev. Eu. EEu. SWAs. Aus. | |?- †E. lundarensis Hanke, Stewart & Lammers, 1996a | |?- †E. yunnanesis | |?- †E. magnificus | |?- †E. licharevi | |-- †E. pustulosus (Eastman, 1897) | `--+-- †E. calliaspis Dennis-Bryan, 1987 [E. callispis] | `--+-- †Golshanichthys asiatica Lelièvre, Janvier & Goujet, 1981 | `--+-- †Westralichthys uwagedensis Long, 1987 | |?- †Hussakofia minor (Newberry, 1878) Cossman, 1910 [Brachygnathus Hussakof, 1909] U. Dev. NA. (incertae sedis) | `--o †Dunkleosteus Lehman, 1956; U. Dev. Eu. EEu. NAf. NA. | |-- †D. telleri (Newberry, 1873) [incl. D. intermedius (Newberry, 1889); D. curtis (Newberry, 1888); D. prentis-clarki] | |-- †D. raveri Carr & Hlavin, 2010 | `-- †D. amblyodoratus Carr & Hlavin, 2010 `--o Aspinothoracidi Stensiö, 1959 sensu Miles & Dennis, 1979; Carr & Hlavin, 2010 [“Titanichthyloidea”] |--o †Rhinosteus Jaekel, 1911; U.Dev. Eu. [paraphyletic Selenosteidae] | `-- †R. parvulus (Gross, 1932) `--+-- †Gymnotrachelus hydei Dunkle & Bungart, 1939; U.Dev. Eu. [paraphyletic Selenosteidae] `--+--o †Dinichthyidae Newberry, 1885 sensu Carr & Hlavin, 2010 | `-- †Dinichthys herzeri Newberry, 1868 [Ponerichthys; Dinichthys canadensis (nomen dubium, type lost) (Hanke, Stewart & Lammers, 1996)] U. Dev. NA. `--+-- †Heintzichthys gouldii Whitley, 1933 [Stenognathus] U. Dev. NA. ?EEu. |?- †Holdenius holdeni Dunkle & Bungart, 1942; U. Dev. NA. `--+-- †Gorgonichthys clarki Claypole, 1892; U. Dev. NA. `--o †Hadrosteidae Gross, 1932 `-- †Hadrosteus rapax Gross, 1932; U. Dev. Eu.
Pachysteomorphi incertae sedis:
(= taxa not treated by Carr & Hlavin, 2010)
Leiosteidae Stensiö, 1963
†Erromenosteus [Leiosteus] U. Dev. Eu. []
†Trematosteidae
†Belosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†Brachyosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†B. dietrichi
†Cyrtosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†Parabelosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†Trematosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†Aspinothoracidi
†Rachiosteidae
†Rachiosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†Pachyosteidae
†Pachyosteus U. Dev. Eu. EEu.
†Titanichthyidae
†Titanichthys Newberry, 1885 [Brontichthys] U. Dev. EEu. NAf. NA.
†Bungartiidae Denison, 1975
†Bungartius U. Dev. NA.
†Braunosteidae Stensiö, 1959
†Braunosteus U. Dev. Eu.
†“Dinichthyidae” Newberry, 1885
†Bruntonichthys multidens U. Dev. Aus.
†Bullerichthys fasadens U. Dev. Aus.
†Kianyousteus M. Dev. EAs.
†Protitanichthys Eastman, 1907
†Squamatognathus steeprockensis Hanke, Stewart & Lammers, 1996b
†“Selenosteidae” Dean, 1901
†Enseosteus [Ottonosteus, Walterosteus] U. Dev. Eu.
†Microsteus [Parawalterosteus] U. Dev. Eu.
†Paramylostoma U. Dev. NA.
†Phymosteus liui Wang & Zhu, 2004, U. Dev. EAs.
†Selenosteus U. Dev. NA.
†Stenosteus U. Dev. NA. EEu.
†Mylostomatidae Woodward, 1891
†Dinomylostoma U. Dev. NA. Aus.
†Kendrickichthys cavernosus U. Dev. Aus.
†Mylostoma U. Dev. NA.
†Tafilalichthys U. Dev. NAf.
Reference(s):
- Carr, R. K. & Hlavin, W. J., 2010: Two new species of Dunkleosteus Lehman, 1956, from the Ohio Shale Formation (USA, Famennian) and the Kettle Point Formation (Canada, Upper Devonian), and a cladistic analysis of the Eubrachythoraci (Placeodermi, Arthrodira).
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 159, #1, pp. 195-222 [doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00578.x] - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Hanke, G. F., Stewart, K. W. & Lammers, G. E., 1996a: Eastmanosteus lundarensis sp. nov. from the Middle Devonian Elm Point and Winnipegosis Formations of Manitoba.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #4, pp. 606-616 - Hanke, G. F., Stewart, K. W. & Lammers, G. E., 1996b: Squamatognathus steeprockensis gen. et sp. nov., an arthrodire inferognathal
from the Middle Devonian Elm Point Formation of Manitoba.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #4, pp. 617-622 - Wang, J.-Q. & Zhu, M., 2004: A new eubrachythoracid arthrodire from the Upper Devonian of Hunan, China.
–Vertebrata PalAsiatica: Vol. 42, #2, pp. 154-161