After Unwin, 2003
Alternative phylogeny after Kellner, 2003
Alternative phylogeny after Wellnhofer, 1991
<==o †Pterosauria Kaup, 1834 [Ornithosauria C. Bonaparte, 1838] [paraphyletic Rhamphorhynchoidea] (pterosaurs; siipisaurit, lentoliskot) |-- †Preondactylus buffarinii Wild, 1984 `--o †Macronychoptera Unwin, 2003 |--o †Dimorphodontidae | |-- †Peteinosaurus zambellii Wild, 1978 | `--o †Dimorphodon Owen, 1859 | |-- †D. macronyx (Buckland, 1829) | `-- †D. weintraubi Clark et al., 1998 `--o †Caelidracones Unwin, 2003 |--o †Anurognathidae Kuhn, 1937 | |-- †Anurognathus ammoni Döderlain, 1923 | |-- †Dendrorhynchoides curvidentatus (Ji S. & Ji Q., 1998) Ji S., Ji Q., & Padian, 1999 [Dendrorynchus curvidentatus Ji S. & Ji Q., 1998; non Dendrorynchus Keilin, 1920] L. Cret. EAs. | |?- †Jeholopterus ningchengensis Wang, Zhou, Zhang & Xu, 2002 | `-- †Batrachognathus volans Riabinin, 1948 `--o †Lonchognatha Unwin, 2003 |?- †Arcticodactylus cromptonellus (Jenkins, Shubin, Gatesy & Padian, 2001) Kellner, 2015 [Eudimorphodon cromptonellus Jenkins, Shubin, Gatesy & Padian, 2001] |?- †Austriadactylus cristatus Dalla Vecchia, Wild, Hopf & Reitner, 2002; U.Trias. CEu. |?- †Austriadraco dallavecchiai Kellner, 2015 [Eudimorphodon cf. E. ranzii (Wellhofer, 2003)] [Austriadraconidae Kellner, 2015] |?- †Raeticodactylus filisurensis Stecher, 2008; U.Trias. CEu. [=? Caviramus (Witton, 2016)] |?- †Caviramus schesaplanensis Fröbisch & Fröbisch, 2006; U.Trias. CEu. |--o †Campylognathoididae Kuhn, 1967 sensu Kellner, 2003, and Unwin, 2003 [Campylognathoidea Kuhn, 1967 sensu Wellhofer, 2003] | |-- †Bergamodactylus wildi Kellner, 2015 | |-- †Carniadactylus rosenfeldi (Dalla Vecchia, 1995) Dalla Vecchia, 2009 [Eudimorphodon rosenfeldi Dalla Vecchia, 1995] | |-- †Eudimorphodon ranzii Zambelli, 1973; U.Trias. CEu. [Eudimorphodontidae Wellnhofer, 1978] | `--o †Campylognathoides Strand, 1928 [Campylognathus Plieninger, 1895 non Campylognathus Reuter, 1890 (a hemipteran insect)] [Campylognathoididae Kuhn, 1967] | |-- †C. liasicus (Quenstedt, 1858) | |-- †C. zitteli (Plieninger, 1894) | `?- †C.? indicus Jain, 1978 `--o †Breviquartossa Unwin, 2003 |-- †Rhamphorhynchidae Seeley, 1870 `--o †Monofenestrata Lü, Unwin, Jin, Liu & Ji, 2009 |--o †Wukongopteridae Wang, Kellner, Jiang & Meng, 2009 | |--o †Darwinopterus Lü, Unwin, Jin, Liu & Ji, 2009; M.Jur. EAs. | | |-- †D. modularisLü, Unwin, Jin, Liu & Ji, 2009 | | |-- †D. linglongtaensis Wang, Kellner, Jiang, Cheng, Meng & Rodrigues, 2010 | | `-- †D. robustodens Lü et al., 2011 | |-- †Wukongopterus lii Wang, Kellner, Jiang & Meng, 2009 | |-- †Kunpengopterus sinensis Wang, Kellner, Jiang, Cheng, Meng & Rodrigues, 2010 | `-- †Changchengopterus pani Lü, 2009 `-- †Pterodactyloidea Plieninger, 1901 sensu Unwin, 2003 (short-tailed pterosaurs; lyhytpyrstöiset siipisaurit)
Pterosauria incertae sedis and nomina dubia:
†Comodactylus ostromi Galton, 1981 (nomen dubium)
†Laopteryx priscus Marsh, 1881 (nomen dubium)
†Odontorhynchus aculeatus Stolley, 1936 [= em>Rhamphorhynchus]
†Rhamphinion jenkinsi Padian, 1984
†Herbstosaurus pigmaeus Casamiquela, 1974
After Kellner, 1996, and 2003<==o †Pterosauria |--o †Anurognathidae | |?- †Jeholopterus | |-- †Anurognathus | `--o †Asiaticognathidae | |-- †Batrachognathus | `-- †Dendrorhynchoides `--+-- †Sordes `--+-- †Scaphognathus |-- †Preondactylus |?- †Odontorynchus `--+-- †Dorygnathus `--+-- †Dimorphodon `--+-- †Peteinosaurus |-- †“Eudimorphodon” rosenfeldi `--o †Novialoidea |-- †Campylognathoididae `--+-- †Rhamphorhynchidae `-- †Pterodactyloidea |
After Wellnhofer, 1991<==o †Pterosauria |-- †Eudimorphodon `--+--o †Dimorphodontidae | |-- †Peteinosaurus | `-- †Dimorphodon `--+?- †Rhamphinion |?- †Herbstosaurus |?- †Nasodactylus |--o †Rhamphorhynchidae | |-- †Preondactylus | `--+-- †Angustinaripterus | |-- †Comodactylus | |-- †Parapsicephalus | |-- †Rhamphocephalus | |-- †Campylognathoides | |-- †Dorygnathus | |-- †Rhamphorhynchus | |-- †Odontorynchus | |-- †Sordes | `-- †Scaphognathus `--+--o †Anurognathidae | |-- †Anurognathus | |-- †Dendrorhynchoides | `-- †Batrachognathus `-- Pterodactyloidea |
Reference(s):
- Andres, B. & Myers, T. S., 2012: Lone Star Pterosaurs.
–Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Vol. 103, #3-4, pp. 383-398 [doi: doi:10.1017/S1755691013000303] - Clark, J. M., Hopson, J. A., Hernández, R., Fastovsky, D. E. & Montellano, M., 1998: Foot posture in a primitive pterosaur.
–Nature: Vol. 391, 26 February, pp. 886-889 - Creisler, B. & Poling, J., 2002-: Pterosauria translation and pronunciation guide.
–iNet: www.dinosauria.com: http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/ptero.htm - Dalla Vecchia, F. M., 2003: New morphological observations on Triassic pterosaurs. 23-44.
in Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.) 2003: Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs.
–Geological Society, Special Publication 217, London, 2003, 1-347 - Dalla Vecchia, F. M., 2002: Observations on the non-pterodactyloid pterosaur Jeholopterus ningchengensis from the Early Cretaceous of northeastern China.
–Natura Nascosta: Vol. #24, pp. 8-27 - Dalla Vecchia, F. M., Wild, R., Hopf, H. & Reitner, J., 2002: A crested rhamphorhynchoid pterosaur from the Late Triassic of Austria.
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–Palaeontology: Vol. 49, #5, pp. 1081-1090 - Kellner, A. W. A., 2015: Comments on Triassic pterosaurs with discussion about ontogeny and description of new taxa.
–Anais da Academia Brasileira de Cięncias: Vol. 87, #2, pp. 669-689 [doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201520150307] - Lü, J., 2009: A New Non-Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from Qinglong County, Hebei Province of China.
–Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition: Vol. 83, #2, pp. 189-199 [doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2009.00062.x] - Lü, J., Unwin, D. M., Jin, X., Liu, Y. & Ji, Q., 2009: Evidence for modular evolution in a long-tailed pterosaur wit a pterodactyloid skull.
–Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: Biological series: Vol. FirstCite, pp. 1-7 [doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.1603] - Unwin, D. M., 2003: On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs. 139-190.
in Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.) 2003: Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs.
–Geological Society of London, Special Publications 217, London, 2003, 1-347 - Wang, X., Kellner, A. W. A., Jiang, S., Cheng, X., Meng, X. & Rodrigues, T., 2010: New long-tailed pterosaurs (Wukongopteridae) from western Liaoning, China.
–Anais da Academia Brasileira de Cięncias: Vol. 82, #4, pp. 1045-1062 [doi: 10.1590/S0001-37652010000400024] - Wellnhofer, P., 2003: A Late Triassic pterosaur from the Northern Calcareous Alps (Tyrol, Austria). 5-22.
in Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.) 2003: Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs.
–Geological Society, Special Publication 217, London, 2003, 1-347 - Wellnhofer, P., 1991: The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs.
–Salamander Books Ltd., London, 1991, 1-192 - Witton, M., 2016: The magnificent Caviramus, an early example of an anatomically ‘extreme’ pterosaur.
–iNet: markwitton-com |blog: http://markwitton-com.blogspot.fi/2016/03/the-magnificent-caviramus-early-example.html )