After Livezey, 1996
<==o Tadorninae (ristisorsat ja sukulaiset) |--o Plectropterini (kannushanhet ja sukulaiset) | |-- Plectropterus gambensis (kannushanhi) | `-- Sarkidiornis melanotos (kyhmysorsa) `--+?- †Euryanas finschi [Euryanatini] (finsch's duck) |--o Merganettini (koskisorsat ja sukulaiset) | |-- Hymenolaimus malacorhynchus (vuorisorsat) | `--+-- Merganetta armata (koskisorsa) | `--o Tachyeres (viuhtojat) | |-- T. patachonicus (pilkkaviuhtoja) | |-- T. pteneres (isoviuhtojat) | |-- T. brachypterus (tyrskyviuhtoja) | `-- T. leucocephalus (valkopääviuhtoja) `--o Tatornini (ristisorsat) |?- †Centrornis majori (isomadagaskarinhansu) |--o †Anabernicula Ross, 1935 (kääpiöhansut) | |?- †A.? robusta Short, 1970 | `--+-- †A. minuscula (Wetmore, 1924) | `--+-- †A. oregonensis Howard, 1964b | `-- †A. gracilenta Ross, 1935 `--+--o Chleophagina (hansut) | |-- Cyanochen cyanopterus (etiopianhansu) | `--+--o Alopochen (afrikanhansut) | | |-- A. aegyptiacus (afrikanhansut) | | |-- †A. sirabensis (madagaskarinhansu) | | `-- †A. mauritianus (mauritaanienhansu) | |--o Neochen (amazonianhansut) | | |-- N. jubata (amazonianhansu) | | `-- †N. pugil (isoamatsonianhansu) | `--o Chloephaga (hansut) | |--o (Oressochen) | | `-- C. (C.) melanoptera (andienhansu) | `--o (Chloephaga) | |-- C. (C.) picta (valkopäähansu) | |-- C. (C.) hybrida (tulimaanhansu) | |-- C. (C.) poliocephala (harmaapäähansu) | `-- C. (C.) rubidiceps (punapäähansu) `--o Tadornina (ristisorsat) |?- †Pachyanas chathamica (chathamsaartenristisorsa) `--+--o Tadorna (ristisorsat) | |?- †T. sp. [<Chatham Islands>] | |-- T. tadorna (ristisorsa) | `-- T. radjah (palmusorsa) `--o Casarca [Tadorna] |--o (Casarca) | |-- C. (C.) ferruginea (ruostesorsa) | `-- C. (C.) cana (kapinsorsa) `--o (Pseudotadorna) |-- C. (P.) tadornoides (australiansorsa) |-- C. (P.) variegata (paratiisisorsa) `-- †C. (P.) cristata (amurinsorsa)
Reference(s):
- Ericson, P. G. P. 1996: Systematic relationships of the Palaeogene family Presbyornithidae (Aves: Anseriformes).
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: vol. 121, #4, pp. 429-483 - Holdaway, R. N., Worthy, T. H. & Tennyson, A. J. D., 2001: A working list of breeding bird species of the New Zealand region at first human contact.
–New Zealand Journal of Zoology: Vol. 28, pp. 119-187 - Livezey, B. C. 1996: A phylogenetic classification of waterfowl (Aves: Anseriformes), including selected fossil species.
–Annals of Carnegie Museum: vol. 66, #4, pp. 457-496. - Olson, S. L. & Rasmussen, P. D., 2001: Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina. 233-365
in Ray, C. E. & Bohaska, D. J., (eds.) 2001: Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, III.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: No. 90, iii-365