After Olson, 1985, and Sibley & Monroe, 1990, with Finnish vernacular names from Lokki, Jännes & Nikander, 1992
<==o Nycticoracini (yöhaikarat) |-- Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) Stejneger, 1887 (kruunuyöhaikara) |--o Nycticorax T. Forster, 1817 (yöhaikarat) | |-- †N. fidens | |-- †N. megacephalus (rodriguessaarenyöhaikara) | |-- N. leuconotus (silmälasihaikara) | |--o N. nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758) (yöhaikara) | | |-- N. n. hoactli | | `-- N. n. nycticorax | `--o N. caledonicus (Gmelin, 1789) (australianyöhaikara) | |-- N. c. crassirostris (boninsaartenyöhaikara) | `-- N. c. caledonicus |--o Gorsachius Bonaparte, 1855 (hämyhaikarat) | |-- G. leuconotus (Wagler, 1827) (silmälasihaikara) | |-- G. magnificus (Ogilvie-Grant, 1899) (kiinanhämyhaikara) | |-- G. goisagi (Temminck, 1836) (japaninhämyhaikara) | `-- G. melanolophus (Raffles, 1822) (etelänhämyhaikara) `--o Cochlearius cochlearia (Linnaeus, 1766) Brisson, 1760 (ruuhinokka) |-- C. c. zeledoni (Northern Boat-billed Heron) `-- C. c. cochlearia (Southern Boat-billed Heron)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196 - Feduccia, A., 1996: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996, x-420 - Lokki, J., Jännes, H. & Nikander, P. J., 1992: Otavan lintutieto.
–Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava, Helsinki, Finland, 1992, pp. 1-440
Translated from: Perrins, C. o. (ed.), 1990: The Illustrated encyclopaedia of birds.
–Headline Book Publishing Plc., London, England, 1990 - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Peterson, A. P., 2002-2004: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data of Birds. (Updated: 2004-12-24)
–iNet: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data: http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/frame.html; [visited: 2005-01-21] - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.