After Larson, 1996, Rieppel & Grande, 1998 and Gardner, 2003
<==o Amphiumoidea Gray, 1825 (congo eel-like salamanders; ankeriasliskojensukuiset salamanterit) `--o Amphiumidae Gray, 1825 emend. Gray, 1850 (congo eels; ankeriasliskot) |-- †Proamphiuma cretacea Estes, 1969; U. Cret. NA. |?- †Amphiumidae genera et species indet. [Gardner, 2003] [Pal. NA.] `--+?- †Paleoamphiuma tetradactylum Rieppel & Grande, 1998; U. Eoc. NA. [is a sirenid? (Gardner, 2003)] `--o Amphiuma Garden, 1821 (Congo eels; ankeriasliskot) |-- †A. jepseni Estes, 1969; U. Pal. NA. `--+-- A. pholeter Neill, 1964 (yksisormiankeriaslisko; one-toed congo eel) `--+-- A. tridactylum Cuvier, 1827 (kolmisormiankeriaslisko; three-toed congo eel) `-- A. means Garden, in Smith, 1821 (kaksivarvasankeriaslisko; two-toed congo eel) Incertae sedis: †Amphiuma antica Holman, 1977; M. Mioc. NA. [a poorly preserved truck vertebrae (Gardner, 2003)] †Amphiuma nordica Brunner, 1956; Pleist. CEu. [a teleost parasphenoid (Gardner, 2003)]
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Gardner, J. D., 2003: The fossil salamander Proamphiuma cretacea Estes (Caudata: Amphiumidae) and relationships within the Amphiumidae.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 23, #4, pp. 769-782 - Larson, A., 1996-1996: Amphiumidae - Amphiumas.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree&group=Amphiumidae&contgroup=Caudata - Larson, A., 1996: Caudata - Salamanders.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Caudata&contgroup=Living_amphibians - Rieppel, O. C. & Grande, L., 1998: A well-preserved fossil amphiumid (Lissamphibia: Caudata) from the Eocene Green River Formation of Wyoming.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 18, #4, pp. 700-708