After Cannatella, 1996-1998 [“The Tree of Life”] and Frost et al., 2006, with Recent species from Frost, 2000-2002 [“AMNH Amphibian species of the World”]
Alternative taxonomic treatment after Cannatella, 1996-1998.
<==o Microhylidae Günther, 1858 (narrow-mouthed frogs; ahdassuusammakot) [taxonomic history] |?- Adelastes hylonomus Zweifel, 1986 |?- Altigius alios Wild, 1995 |?- Arcovomer passarellii Carvalho, 1954 |?-o Chiasmocleis Méhely, 1904 | |-- C. alagoanus | |-- C. albopunctata | |-- C. anatipes | |-- C. atlantica | |-- C. bassleri | |-- C. capixaba | |-- C. carvalhoi | |-- C. centralis | |-- C. hudsoni | |-- C. leucosticta | |-- C. mehelyi | |-- C. panamensis | |-- C. schubarti | |-- C. shudikarensis | `-- C. ventrimaculata |?- Gastrophrynoides borneensis Noble, 1926 |?- Glyphoglossus molossus Günther, 1869 [1868] |?- Hyophryne histrio Carvalho, 1954 |?-o Hypopachus Keferstein, 1867 | |-- H. barberi | `-- H. variolosus |?-o Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 | |-- K. baluensis | |-- K. bunguranus | |-- K. heterochirus | |-- K. interlineatus | |-- K. intermedius | |-- K. menglienicus | |-- K. nubicola | |-- K. orangensis | |-- K. palmatissimus | |-- K. pleurostigma | |-- K. punctatus | |-- K. robinsoni | `-- K. subterrestris |?-o Metaphrynella Parker, 1934 | |-- M. pollicaris | `-- M. sundana |?-o Micryletta Dubois, 1987 | |-- M. inornata | `-- M. steinegeri |?- Myersiella microps Carvalho, 1954 |?-o Otophryne Boulenger, 1900 | |-- O. pyburni | |-- O. robusta | `-- O. steyermarki |?- Paradoxophyla palmata Blommers-Schlösser & Blanc, 1991 |?- Phrynella pulchra Boulenger, 1887 |?-o Phrynomantis Peters, 1867 [Phrynomerus] [Phrynomerinae Noble, 1931] | |-- P. affinis | |-- P. annectens | |-- P. bifasciatus | |-- P. microps | `-- P. somalicus |?-o Ramanella Rao & Ramanna, 1925 | |-- R. anamalaiensis | |-- R. minor | |-- R. montana | |-- R. mormorata | |-- R. obscura | |-- R. palmata | |-- R. triangularis | `-- R. variegata |?- Relictivomer pearsei Carvalho, 1954 |?- Stereocyclops incrassatus Cope, 1870 [1869] |?-o Synapturanus Carvalho, 1954 | |-- S. mirandaribeiroi | |-- S. rabus | `-- S. salseri |?-o Syncope Walker, 1973 | |-- S. antenori | |-- S. carvalhoi | `-- S. tridactyla |?-o Uperodon Duméril & Bibron, 1841 | |-- U. globulosus | `-- U. systoma |--o Scaphiophryninae Laurent, 1946 | |?- Pseudohemisus (non-monophyletic) [taxa not recognized by Frost, 2000] | `--o Scaphiophryne | |-- S. brevis | |-- S. calcarata | |-- S. gottlebei | |-- S. madagascariensis | |-- S. marmorata | |-- S. obscura | |-- S. pustulosa | `-- S. verrucosa `--o Scoptanura |--+-- Asterophryinae Günther, 1858b [taxonomic history] | `-- Dyscophinae Boulenger, 1882 |-- Cophylinae Cope, 1889 |-- Gastrophryninae Fitzinger, 1843 |--o Melanobatrachinae | |--o Hoplophryne | | |-- H. rogersi | | `-- H. uluguruensis | |-- Melanobatrachus indicus | `-- Parhoplophryne usambarica |-- Microhylinae Günther, 1858 (1843) (ahdassuusammakonsukuiset sammakot)
Reference(s):
- Cannatella, D., 1996-1998: Microhylidae - Narrow-Mouthed Frogs.
–iNet: The Tree of Life: http://tolweb.org/tree/ - Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
–iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html - Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: The amphibian tree of life.
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #297, pp. 1-370