Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Terrestrial Vertebrate Groups   Mesobatrachia

<==o Mesobatrachia
   |-- Pelobatoidea
   `--o Pipoidea
      |--o Rhinophrynidae (nenäkonnat)
      |  |-- †Eorhinophrynus
      |  `--+-- †Chelomophrynus
      |     `--o Rhinophrynus (nenäkonnat)
      |        |-- †R. sp.
      |        `-- R. dorsalis (nenäkonna)
      `--o Pipimorpha
         |?- †Avitabatrachus uliana Baez, Trueb & Calvo, 2000
         |?- †Cordicephalus
         |?- †Eoxenopoides
         |?- †Saltenia
         |?- †Shomronella
         |?- †Thoraciliacus rostriceps
         |--o †Palaeobatrachidae Cope, 1865
         |  |-- †Albionbatrachus wightensis 
         |  |-- †Lithobatrachus
         |  |-- †Neusibatrachus
         |  |--o †Palaeobatrachus Tschudi, 1839
         |  |  |-- †P. novotnyi Spinar, 1972
         |  |  |-- †P. occidentalis Estes & Sanch´cz, 1982
         |  |  |-- †P. luedecki
         |  |  |-- †P. grandipes
         |  |  `-- †P. diluvianus
         |  `-- †Pliobatrachus
         `--o Pipidae (kielettömät sammakot)
            |?- †"Xenopus" romeri
            `--+--+-- Silurana
               |  `--+-- †"Xenopus" pascuali
               |     `--o Xenopus (kynsisammakot) [6]
               |        |-- X. sp.1
               |        |-- X. sp.2
               |        |-- X. sp.3
               |        |-- X. sp.4
               |        |-- X. sp.5
               |        `-- X. laevis (kynsisammakko)
               `--o Pipinae
                  |?- †Pipinae genera et species indet. [Tanzania]
                  |--o Pipa (kennokonnat) [Pipini] [5]
                  |  |-- P. sp.1
                  |  |-- P. sp.2
                  |  |-- P. sp.3
                  |  |-- P. sp.4
                  |  `-- P. pipa (kennokonna)
                  `--o Hymenochirini
                     |?- †Pachybatrachus
                     |-- Pseudhymenochirus
                     `-- Hymenochirus (pikkukynsisammakot)

Reference(s):

Baez, A. M., 2000: An Eocene pipine from North-Central Tanzania.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #3, suppl. to #3, 28A

Baez, A. M., Trueb, L. & Calvo, J. O., 2000: The earliest known pipoid frog from South America: A new genus from the Middle Cretaceous of Argentina.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 20, #3, 490-500

Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698

Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.

Estes, R. & Sanch´cz, B., 1982: New discoglossid and palaeobatracid frogs from the Late Cretaceous of Wyoming and Montana, and a review of other frogs from the Lance and Hell Creek Formations.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: vol. 2, #1,, pp. 9-20.

–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree