After Graybeal, 1997 (fig. 9)
<==o Bufonidae Gray, 1825 (toads; konnat) [taxonomic history] |?- †Bufonidae genera et species indet. [L.Pal. WEu.] [Rage, 2003] |-- Atelopus Duméril & Bibron, 1841 (värikonnat) |-- Altiphrynoides Dubois, 1987 “1986” |-- Capensibufo Grandison, 1980 |-- Nectophrynoides Noble, 1926 (synnyttäjäkonnat) |-- Osornophryne Ruiz-Carranza & Hernández-Camacho, 1976 |-- Truebella Graybeal & Cannatella, 1995 |-- Werneria Poche, 1903 |--+-- Didynamipus Andersson, 1903 | |-- Oreophrynella Boulenger, 1895 | `-- Pelophryne Barbour, 1938 |--+-- Dendrophryniscus Jiménez de la Espada, 1871 “1870” | `-- Melanophryniscus Gallardo, 1961 (tynkäkonnat) `--+-- Ansonia Stoliczka, 1870 |-- Leptophryne Fitzinger, 1843 |-- Pseudobufo Tschudi, 1838 (valekonna, vesikonna) `--+-- Schismaderma Smith, 1849 `-- Bufo Laurenti, 1768 sensu lato [incl. Mertensophryne Tihen, 1960; Pedostibes Günther, 1876 “1875”] (toads; konnat, rupikonnat)
Bufonid-genera not treated by Graybeal, 1997:
Adenomus Cope, 1861 “1860”
Amietophrynus Frost et al., 2006
Andinophryne Hoogmoed, 1985
Anaxyrus Tschudi, 1845
Atelophryniscus McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989
Bufoides Pillai & Yazdani, 1973
Chaunus Wagler, 1828
Churamiti Channing & Stanley, 2002
Cranopsis Cope, 1877 “1876”
Crepidophryne Cope, 1889
Duttaphrynus Frost et al, 2006
Epidalea Cope, 1865
Frostius Cannatella, 1986
Ingerophrynus Frost et al., 2006
Laurentophryne Tihen, 1960
Metaphryniscus Señaris, Ayarzagüena & Gorzula, 1994
Nannophryne Günther, 1870
Nectophryne Buchholz & Peters, 1875 (puukonnat)
Nimbaphrynoides Dubois, 1987 “1986”
Parapelophryne Fei, Ye & Jiang, 2003
Peltophryne Fitzinger, 1843
Phrynoidis Fitzinger, 1843
Pseudepidalea Frost et al, 2006
Rhaebo Cope, 1862
Rhamphophryne Trueb, 1971
Rhinella Fitzinger, 1826
Spinophrynoides osgoodi
Vandijkophrynus Frost et al., 2006
Wolterstorffina Mertens, 1939
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Frost, D. R., 2000: Amphibian species of the World: An Online Reference.
–iNet: American Museum of Natural History, Department of Herpetology: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html - Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R. H., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., de Sá, R. O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. M. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: The amphibian tree of life.
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: #297, pp. 1-370 - Gustaffson, J., 2002: [Nykysammakkoeläinten] Suomalaisia nimiä.
–iNet: Suomen herpentologinen yhdistys: http://www.herpentomania.fi/sammakkolampi/suomennokset/suomennokset.html - Grant, T., Frost, D. R., Caldwell, J. P., Gagliardo, R., Haddad, C. F. B., Kok, P. J. R., Means, D. B., Noonan, B. P., Schargel, W. E. & Wheeler, W. C., 2006: Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae).
–Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History: Vol. #299, pp. 1-262 - Graybeal, A., 1997: Phylogenetic relationships of bufonid frog and test of alternate macroevolutionary hypotheses characterizing their radiation.
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 119, pp. 297-338 - Holman, J. A., 1987: Herpetofauna of the Egelhoff site (Miocene: Barstovian) of North-Central –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 7, #2, pp. 109-120
- Rage, J.-C., 2003: Oldest Bufonidae (Amphibia, Anura) from the Old World: a bufonid from the Paleocene of France.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 23, #2, pp. 462-463 - –iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree