Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Dissorophoidea

After Anderson, Reisz, Scott, Fröbisch & Sumida, 2008, Schoch, 2012, 2013, and 2014, with species from Paleobiology Database

<==o Dissorophoidea Boulenger, 1902 sensu Williston, 1910 [non Bolt, 1969]
   |?-o †Melosaurus Meyer, 1857 [Melosauridae Fritsch, 1885]
   |  |-- †M. uralensis Meyer, 1857
   |  |-- †M. kamaensis Gubin, 1991
   |  `-- †M. plathyrhinus Golubev, 1995
   |--o †Micromelerpetontidae
   |  |--o †Micromelerpeton Bulman & Whittard, 1926
   |  |  |-- †M. credneri Bulman & Whittard, 1926 [Branchiosaurus credneri]
   |  |  |-- †M. boyi Heyler, 1994
   |  |  `-- †M. ulmetense Boy, 2002
   |  `--+-- †Limnogyrinus elegans (Fritsch, 1881) Milner, 1986 [Limnerpeton elegans Fritsch, 1881; Limnerpeton elegans Fritsch; Steen, 1938; Limnerpeton Fritsch; Boy, 1972; Limnogyrinus elegans (Fritsch) Milner, 1986; Limnogyrinus elegans (Fritsch) Werneburg, 1989; Limnogyrinus elegans (Fritsch) Werneburg, 1994]
   |     ´-- †Branchierpeton amblystomum Boy, 1972
   `--+--o †Branchiosauridae Cope, 1882 
      |  |?- †Eumicrerpeton parvum Moodie, 1910
      |  |?- †Tungussogyrinus bergi Efremov, 1939
      |  |--o †Branchiosaurus Fritsch 1876
      |  |  |-- †B. darrahi Romer, 1939
      |  |  |-- †B. gracilis Credner, 1881
      |  |  `-- †B. salamandroides Fritsch, 1875
      |  `--+--o †Apateon von Meyer, 1844
      |     |  |?- †A. intermedius Werneburg, 1996
      |     |  |?- †A. umbrosus Fritsch, 1879
      |     |  |-- †A. gracilis
      |     |  |-- †A. kontheri Werneburg, 1988
      |     |  `--+-- †A. pedestris von Meyer, 1840
      |     |     `--+-- †A. dracyi Boy, 1972
      |     |        `--+-- †A. caducus (Ammon, 1889)
      |     |           `-- †A. flagrifer Whittard, 1930
      |     `--+?-o †Melanerpeton Fritsch, 1878
      |        |  |-- †M. arnhardti Werneburg, 1988
      |        |  |-- †M. eisfeldi Werneburg, 1988
      |        |  |-- †M. falax  Fritsch, 1879
      |        |  |-- †M. humbergense Boy, 1978
      |        |  |-- †M. latirostris Credner, 1881
      |        |  |-- †M. longicaudatum Augusta, 1936
      |        |  |-- †M. magnum Augusta, 1936
      |        |  |-- †M. moravicum Fritsch, 1883
      |        |  |-- †M. perneri Augusta, 1936
      |        |  |-- †M. potamites Steen, 1938
      |        |  |-- †M. pulcherrimum Fritsch, 1879
      |        |  |-- †M. pusillum Fritsch, 1878
      |        |  |-- †M. sacheti Saint-Seine, 1949
      |        |  |-- †M. sembachense Werneburg, 1989
      |        |  `-- †M. spiniceps Credner, 1881
      |        `--+-- †Schoenfelderpeton prescheri Boy, 1986
      |           `--o †Leptorophus Bulman & Whittard, 1926
      |              |-- †L. raischi Schoch, 2014
      |              `-- †L. tener (Schönfeld, 1911)
      `--+==o †Amphibamidae Moodie, 1909 sensu Schoch & Rubidge, 2005, and Anderson et al., 2008 [incl.? Micropholidae Abel, 1919; Doleserpetontidae; Batrachia sensu Anderson et al., 2008]
         |  |?- †Georgenthalia clavinasica Anderson, Henrici, Sumida, Martens & Berman, 2008
         |  |?- †Limnerpeton modestumn (Fritsch, 1876) Fritsch, 1881 (nomen dubium) [taxonomic history]
         |  |--o †Micropholidae Abel, 1919
         |  |  |--o †Tersomius Case, 1910 sensu Anderson et al., 2008, and Fröbisch & Reisz, 2008
         |  |  |  |-- †T. texensis Case, 1910
         |  |  |  |-- †T. mosesi Olson 1970 
         |  |  |  `-- †T. dolesensis Anderson and Bolt 2013
         |  |  `--+-- †Pasawioops mayi Fröbisch & Reisz, 2008
         |  |     `-- †Micropholis stowi Huxley, 1859 [taxonomic history]
         |  `--+-- †Eoscopus lockardi Daly, 1994
         |     `--+-- †Plemmyradytes shintoni Huttenlocker, Pardo & Small, 2007
         |        `--+--o †Platyrhinops Steen, 1931 [Ichthycanthus Cope, 1877]
         |           |  |-- †P. lyelli (Wyman 1858) [Amphibamus lyelli (Wyman, 1858); Ichthycanthus platypus Cope, 1877; Tuditanus mordex Cope, 1874; Raniceps lyelli (Wyman)]
         |           |  `-- †P. fritschi Werneburg, 2012 [=? Platyrhinops sp. cf. Platyrhinops lyelli]
         |           `--+-- †Amphibamus grandiceps Cope, 1865 [Mazonerpeton longicaudatum Moodie, 1912; Micrerpeton caudatum Moodie, 1909]
         |              `--+-- †Doleserpeton annectens Bolt, 1969 [Doleserpetontidae Bolt, 1969]
         |                 `--+-- †Gerobatrachus hottoni Anderson, Reisz, Scott, Fröbisch & Sumida, 2008; L.Perm. SWNAm.
         |                    `-- Batrachia Latreille, 1800 sensu Anderson et al., 2008 [Salientia+Urodela]
         `--o †Olsoniformes Anderson, Henrici, Sumida, Martens & Berman, 2008
            |--o †Trematopsidae Williston, 1910 sensu Schoch, 2012
            |  |?-o †Mordex Steen, 1938 [taxonomic history] [possibly basal trematopsids (Milner, 2003)]
            |  |  |-- †M. calliprepes (Carroll, 1964a) [taxonomic history]
            |  |  `-- †M. laticeps (Fritsch, 1881) Milner & Sequeira, 2003 [taxonomic history]
            |  |-- †Ecolsonia cutlerensis Vaughn, 1969
            |  |--+-- †Fedexia striegeli Berman, Henrici, Brezinski & Kollar, 2009
            |  |  `--+-- †Anconastes vesperus Berman, Reisz & Eberth, 1987
            |  |     `-- †Tambachia trogallas Sumida, Berman & Martens, 1998
            |  `--+?- †Actiobates peabodyi Eaton, 1973
            |     `--+--  †Rotaryus gothae Berman, Henrici, Martens, Sumida & Anderson, 2011
            |        `--+-- †Phonerpeton pricei (Olson, 1941) Dilkes, 1990 [Acheloma pricei Olson, 1940; Acheloma pricei Olson, 1941; Acheloma whitei Olson, 1941; Phonerpeton Dilkes, 1990]
            |           `--o †Acheloma Cope, 1882 [Trematops Williston, 1909]
            |              |-- †A. cumminsi Cope, 1882 [Trematops milleri Williston, 1909; Trematops thomasi Mahl, 1926]
            |              |-- †A. willistoni (Olson, 1941) [Trematops willistoni Olson, 1941]
            |              `-- †A. stonei (Olson, 1970) [Trematops stonei Olson, 1970]
            `--o †Dissorophidae Boulenger, 1902 (non? Williston, 1910) [paraphyletic?]
               |?- †Alegeinosaurus aphthitos Case, 1911
               |?- †Arkanserpeton arcuatum Lane, 1932
               |?- †Astreptorhachis ohioensis Vaughn, 1971
               |?- †Fayella chickashaensis Olson, 1965
               |?- †Iratusaurus vorax Gubin, 1980
               |-- †Platyhystrix rugosus Berman et al., 1981
               `--+-- †Aspidosaurus chiton Case, 1911
                  `--+-- †Conjunctio multidens Carroll, 1964
                     |--o †Dissorophinae Boulenger, 1902
                     |  `==o †Broiliellus Williston, 1914
                     |     |?- †B. arroyoensis DeMar, 1967
                     |     |?- †B. hektotopos Berman & Berman, 1975
                     |     |-- †B. reiszi Holmes, Berman & Anderson, 2013
                     |     `--+-- †B. brevis Carroll, 1964
                     |        |-- †B. olsoni DeMar, 1967
                     |        |-- †B. texensis Williston, 1914
                     |        `-- †Dissorophus multicinctus Cope, 1895 [taxonomic history]
                     `--+-- †Brevidorsum profundum Carroll, 1964
                        `--+-- Dissorophidae indet. (“Admiral”)
                           |-- Dissorophidae indet. (“Rio Arriba”(“RAT”))
                           `--o †Cacopinae [Aspidosaurinae DaMar, 1966 [Cacopinae sensu Schoch & Rubidge, 2005]
                              `==o †Cacops Williston, 1910 [Trematopsis Olson, 1956]
                                 |-- †C. aspidephorus Williston, 1910
                                 |-- †C. morrisi Reisz, Schoch & Anderson, 2009
                                 |-- †C. woehri Fröbisch & Reisz, 2012
                                 `--+-- †Kamacops acervalis Gubin, 1980
                                    `-- †Zygosaurus lucius Eichwald, 1848

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |-- †Micromelerpeton
   `--+--+-- †Platyrhinops
      |  `-- †Doleserpeton
      `--+--o †Trematopsidae(?)
         |  |-- †Fedexia
         |  `--+-- †Ecolsonia
         |     `--+-- †Tambachia
         |        |-- †Anconastes
         |        `--+-- †Phonerpeton
         |           `-- †Acheloma
         `--+-- †Platyhystrix
            `--+-- †Brevidorsum
               |==o †Broiliellus
               |  |-- †B. reiszi
               |  `--+-- †B. olsoni
               |     |-- †B. brevis
               |     |-- †B. texensis
               |     `-- †Dissorophus
               `--+-- †Aspidosaurus
                  |-- †Conjunctio
                  |-- Dissorophidae indet. (“Admiral”)
                  |-- Dissorophidae indet. (“Rio Arriba”(“RAT”))
                  `==o †Cacops
                     |-- †Kamacops
                     `-- †Zygosaurus

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |-- †Micromelerpeton
   `--+--+-- †Platyrhinops
      |  `-- †Doleserpeton
      `--o †Olsoniformes
         |--o †Trematopsidae(?)
         |  |-- †Ecolsonia
         |  |-- †Fedexia
         |  `--+-- †Tambachia
         |     |-- †Anconastes
         |     `--+-- †Phonerpeton
         |        `-- †Acheloma
         `--o †Dissorophidae
            |-- †Platyhystrix
            `--+-- †Aspidosaurus
               `--+-- †Conjunctio
                  |--o †Dissorophinae
                  |  `==o †Broiliellus
                  |     |-- †B. olsoni
                  |     |-- †B. brevis
                  |     |-- †B. texensis
                  |     `-- †Dissorophus
                  `--+-- †Brevidorsum
                     `--+-- Dissorophidae indet. (“Admiral”)
                        |-- Dissorophidae indet. (“Rio Arriba”(“RAT”))
                        `--o †Cacopinae
                           |== †Cacops
                           |-- †Kamacops
                           `-- †Zygosaurus

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |--+-- †Micromelerpeton
   |  `-- †Amphibamidae
   `--o Olsoniformes
      |--o †Trematopsidae(?)
      |  |--+-- †Acheloma
      |  |  `-- †Phonerpeton
      |  `--+-- †Actiobates
      |     `--+-- †Anconastes
      |        `-- †Tambachia
      `--+-- †Platyhystrix
         `--+-- †Ecolsonia
            `--+--+-- †Broiliellus
               |  `-- †Dissorophus
               `--+-- †Cacops
                  `-- †Kamacops

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |--o †Trematopsidae(?)
   |  |-- †Tambachia
   |  `--+-- †Acheloma
   |     `-- †Ecolsonia
   `--+--+-- †Branchiosauridae
      |  `-- †Micromelerpetontidae
      `--+--+-- †Micropholis
         |  `-- †Tersomius
         `--+-- †Eoscopus
            `--+-- †Platyrhinops
               `--+-- †Amphibamus
                  `--+-- †Doleserpeton
                     `--+-- †Gerobatrachus
                        `-- Batrachia

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |--o †Olsoniformes
   |  |-- †Trematopsidae
   |  `--+-- †Ecolsonia
   |     `--+-- †Dissorophinae
   |        `-- †Cacopinae
   `--o †Amphibamidae
      |--+-- †Micropholis
      |  `-- †Tersomius
      `--+?- †Georgenthalia_1
         `--+-- †Eoscopus
            `--+?- †Georgenthalia_2
               `--+-- †Platyrhinops
                  `--+?- †Georgenthalia_3
                     ´--+-- †Amphibamus
                        `-- †Doleserpeton

<==o †Dissorophoidea
   |-- †Tersomius
   `--+-- †Dissorophus
      `-- †Trematopsidae

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |-- †Eoscopus
   `--+-- Amphibamidae n. gen. & sp. [†Georgenthalia]
      |-- †‘Tarsomius’
      |--o †Trematopsidae
      |  |-- †Tambachia
      |  `--+-- †Ecolsonia
      |     `-- †Acheloma/Trematops
      `--+--+-- †Micromelerpetontidae
         |  `-- †Branchiosauridae
         `--+-- †Doleserpeton
            `-- Lissamphibia

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |-- †Platyrhinops
   `--o †Amphibamidae(?)
      |-- †Amphibamus
      `--+-- †Tersomius
         `-- †Doleserpeton

<==o Dissorophoidea
   |--o †Trematopsidae(?)
   |  |-- †Actiobates
   |  `-- †Acheloma
   `--+-- †Broiliellus
      |-- †Dissorophus
      `--+--o †Amphibamidae(?)
         |  |-- †Tersomius
         |  `--+-- †Doleserpeton
         |     `-- †Amphibamus
         `--+-- †Micromelerpeton
            `==o Branchiosauridae(?)
               |-- †Leptorophus
               `--+-- †Schoenfelderpeton
                  |-- †Branchiosaurus
                  `--+-- †Apateon
                     `-- Lissamphibia

Reference(s):

• Anderson, J. S. 1998: Phylogenetic analysis of the Lepospondyli (Tetrapoda).
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 18, #3, Suppl. to #3, pp. 24A
• Anderson, J. S., Henrici, A. C., Sumida, S. S., Martens, T. & Berman, D. S., 2008: Georgenthalia clavinasica, A New Genus and Species of Dissorophoid Temnospondyl from the Early Permian of Germany, and the Relationships of the Family Amphibamidae.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 28, #1, pp. 61-75 [doi: 10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[61:gcanga]2.0.co;2]
• Anderson, J. S., Reisz, R. R., Scott, D. M., Fröbisch, N. B. & Sumida, S. S., 2008: A stem Batrachian from the early Permian of texas and the origin of frog and salamanders.
  –Nature: Vol. 453, pp. 515-518 [doi: 10.1038/nature06865]
• Berman, D. S., Henrici, A. C., Brezinski, D. K. & Kollar, A. D., 2009: A New Trematopid Amphibian (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Western Pennsylvania: Earliest Record of Terrestrial Vertebrates Responding to a Warmer, Drier Climate.
  –Annals of Carnegie Museum: Vol. 78, #4, pp. 289-318 [doi: 10.2992/007.078.0401]
• Berman, D. S., Henrici, A. C., Martens, T., Sumida, S. S. & Anderson, J. S., 2011: Rotaryus gothae, a New Trematopid (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Lower Permian of Central Germany.
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• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698.
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698, 698
• Dilkes, D. W., 1990: A new trematopsid amphibian (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Lower Permian of Texas.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 10, #2, pp. 222-243 [doi: 10.1080/02724634.1990.10011809]
• Fröbisch, N. B. & Reisz, R. R., 2008: A new Lower Permian amphibamid (Dissorophoidea, Temnospondyli) from the fissure fill deposits near Richards Spur, Oklahoma.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 28, #4, Art.nr. pp. (1015-1030) [doi: 10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1015]
• Gee, B. M. & Reisz, R. R., 2018: Cranial and postcranial anatomy of Cacops morrisi, a eucacopine dissorophid from the early Permian of Oklahoma.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. Art.nr. pp. (e1433186) [doi: 10.1080/02724634.2018.1433186]
• Holmes, R., Berman, D. S. & Anderson, J. S., 2013: A new dissorophid (Temnospondyli, Dissorophoidea) from the Early Permian of New Mexico (United States).
  –Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciencies, Paris: Palevol: Vol. 12, #7, Art.nr. pp. (419-435) [doi: 10.1016/j.crpv.2013.07.002]
• Huttenlocker, A. K., Pardo, J. D. & Small, B. J., 2007: Plemmyradytes shintoni, gen. et sp. nov., an Early Permian amphibamid (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Eskridge Formation, Nebraska.
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• Milner, A. R., 1994: Late Triassic and Jurassic amphibians: Fossil record and phylogeny. 5-23
  in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
  –Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994, x-433
• Milner, A. R. & Sequeira, S. E. K., 2003: Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic.
  –Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 48, #1, pp. 123-141
• Reisz, R. R., Schoch, R. R. & Anderson, J. S., 2009: The armoured dissorophid Cacops from the Early Permian of Oklahoma and the exploitation of the terrestrial realm by amphibians.
  –Naturwissenschaften: Vol. 96, #7, pp. 789-796 [doi: 10.1007/s00114-009-0533-x]
• Schoch, R. R., 2004: Skeleton formation in the Branchiosauridae: a case study in comparing ontogenetic trajectories.
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• Schoch, R. R., 2012: Character distribution and phylogeny of the dissorophid temnospondyls.
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• Schoch, R. R., 2013: The evolution of major temnospondyl clades: an inclusive phylogenetic analysis.
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• Witzmann, F. & Pfretzschner, H.-U., 2003: Larval ontology of Micromelerpeton credneri (Temnospondyli, Dissorophoidea).
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