After Carroll 1988, and Milner, 1994
<==o Batrachomorpha [Amphibia sensu lato] |--o †Colosteoidea | `--o †Colosteidae | |-- †Colosteus | |-- †Greererpeton | `-- †Pholidogaster `--o Amphibia sensu stricto [Lissampbibia sensu lato] |?- Microsauria [incl. Gymnophiona and Urodela (salamanders)] `-- Temnospondyli (panssarisammakot, labyrithodontit) [incl. Salientia (frogs)]
Note:
Phylogeny of Amphibias are particulary murky. Carroll (1988) gives view that modern amphibians [Lissamphibia] is a polyphyletic group, gymnophionas and salamanders being advanced microsaurs and frogs being advanced temnospondyls.
Milner (1994) however presents a view of monophyletic Lissamphibia, which sistergroup are plagiosaur-dissorophoids.
Yates & Warren (2000) present a new phylogenetic analysis of Temnospondyli, but it didn't include lissamphibians.
Reference(s):
- Ahlberg, P. E., Clack, J. A. & Luk´sevi´cs, E. 1996: Rapib braincase evolution between Panderichthyes and the earliest tetrapods.
–Nature: vol. 381, 2 May, pp. 61-64 - Ahlberg, P. E. & Milner, A. R. 1994: The origin and early diversification of tetrapods.
–Nature: vol. 368, 7 April, pp. 507-514 - Anderson, J. S. 1998: Phylogenetic analysis of the Lepospondyli –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 18, #3, Suppl. to #3, pp. 24A
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L. 1996: Revealing the patterns of macroevolution.
–Nature: vol. 381, 2 May, pp. 19-20. - Milner, A. R., 1994: Late Triassic and Jurassic amphibians: Fossil record and phylogeny. 5-23
in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
–Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994 - Yates, A. M. & Warren, A. A., 2000: The phylogeny of the “higher” temnospondyls (Vertebrata: Choanata) and its implications for the monophyly and origins of Stereospondyla.
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 128, pp. 77-121