After Fink, 1984 [from Harold & Weitzman, 1996]
Alternative classification after Nelson, 1994 [genera only]
<==o Stomiidae (lohikäärmekalat) |?- †Eostomias Mioc. NA. |?- Parabathophilus |--o Neonesthes [2] | |-- N. capensis (Gilchrist & von Bonde, 1924) | `-- N. microcephalus Norman, 1930 `--+-- Astronesthes [36] |--o Borostomias [Diplolychnus] [6] | |-- B. abyssorum (Koehler, 1896) | |-- B. antarcticus (Lönnberg, 1905) | |-- B. elucens (Brauer, 1906) | |-- B. mononema (Regan & Trewavas, 1929) | |-- B. pacificus (Imai, 1941) | `-- B. panamensis Regan & Trewavas, 1929 Panama snaggletooth `--+--+-- Heterophotus ophistoma Regan & Trewavas, 1929 | `-- Rhadinesthes decimus (Zugmayer, 1911) `--+--o Stomiinae (lohikäärmekalat) | |--o Chauliodus Mioc. NA. R. Oc. [Chauliondontini] (sapelihammaskalat) [8] | | |-- C. barbatus Garman, 1899 | | |-- C. danae Regan & Trewavas, 1929 (Dana viperfish) | | |-- C. macouni Bean, 1890 (Pacific viperfish) | | |-- C. minimus Parin & Novikova, 1974 | | |-- C. pammelas Alcock, 1892 | | |-- C. schmidti Ege, 1948 | | |-- C. sloani Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Sloane's viperfish) | | `-- C. vasnetzovi Novikova, 1972 | `--o Stomiini (lohikäärmekalat) | |?- Macronestes | `--o Stomias [N: 11] [FB: 7] | |-- S. affinis Günther, 1887 (Günther's boafish) | |-- S. atriventer Garman, 1899 (Black-belly dragonfish) | |--o S. boa (Risso, 1810) | | |-- S. b. boa (Risso, 1810) (Scaly dragonfish) | | |-- S. b. colubrinus Garman, 1899 | | |-- S. b. danae Ege, 1933 | | `-- S. b. ferox Reinhardt, 1842 (Boa dragonfish) | |-- S. brevibarbatus Ege, 1918 | |-- S. gracilis Garman, 1899 | |-- S. lampropeltis Gibbs, 1969 | |-- S. longibarbatus (Brauer, 1902) | `-- S. nebulosus Alcock, 1889 (Alcock's boafish) `--+--+-- Chirostomias pliopterus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | `-- Trigonolampa miriceps Regan & Trewavas, 1930 (Threelight dragonfish) `--+--+-- Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer, 1913) | `--+--+--o Odontostomias [2] | | | |-- O. masticopogon Norman, 1930 | | | `-- O. micropogon Norman, 1930 | | `--o Opostomias [2] | | |-- O. micripnus (Günther, 1878) | | `-- O. mitsuii Imai, 1941 (Pitgum lanternfish) | `--+-- Thysanactis dentex Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | `--o Leptostomias [11] | |-- L. analis Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- L. bermudensis Beebe, 1932 | |-- L. bilobatus (Koefoed, 1956) | |-- L. gladiator (Zugmayer, 1911) | |-- L. gracilis Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- L. haplocaulus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- L. leptobolus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- L. longibarba Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- L. macronema Gilbert, 1905 (Long-threaded dragon fish) | |-- L. multifilis Imai, 1941 | `-- L. robustus Imai, 1941 `--+--o Photonectes [Photonectoides] [12] | |-- P. achirus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- P. albipennis (Döderlein, 1882) | |-- P. braueri (Zugmayer, 1913) | |-- P. caerulescens Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- P. dinema Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- P. gracilis Goode & Bean, 1896 | |-- P. leucospilus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- P. margarita (Goode & Bean, 1896) | |-- P. mirabilis Parr, 1927 | |-- P. munificus Gibbs, 1968 | |-- P. parvimanus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | `-- P. phyllopogon Regan & Trewavas, 1930 `--+--+-- Echiostoma barbatum Lowe, 1843 [Echistosomias] | `--o Melanostomias [12] | |-- M. bartonbeani Parr, 1927 | |-- M. biseriatus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- M. globulifer Fowler, 1934 | |-- M. macrophotus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- M. margaritifer Regan and Trewavas, 1930 | |-- M. melanopogon Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- M. melanops Brauer, 1902 | |-- M. niger Gilchrist & von Bonde, 1924 | |-- M. paucilaternatus Parin & Pokhil'skaya, 1978 | |-- M. pollicifer Parin & Pokhil'skaya, 1978 | |-- M. tentaculatus (Regan & Trewavas, 1930) | `-- M. valdiviae Brauer, 1902 (Valdivia black dragon fish) `--+--+-- Tactostoma macropus Bolin, 1939 Longfin dragonfish | `--o Idiacanthus [Idiacanthinae] (nauhakitakalat) | |-- I. antrostomus Gilbert, 1890 (Pacific blackdragon) | |-- I. atlanticus Brauer, 1906 | `-- I. fasciola Peters, 1877 (Ribbon sawtail fish) `--+--o “Eustomiinae” | |-- Eustomias [Nelson: over 100 species] [FB: 60] | `--+--o Bathophilus [15] | | |-- B. abarbatus Barnett & Gibbs, 1968 | | |-- B. altipinnis Beebe, 1933 | | |-- B. ater (Brauer, 1902) | | |-- B. brevis Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | | |-- B. digitatus (Welsh, 1923) | | |-- B. filifer (Garman, 1899) (Sparing) | | |-- B. flemingi Aron & McCrery, 1958 (Highfin dragonfish) | | |-- B. indicus (Brauer, 1902) | | |-- B. irregularis Norman, 1930 | | |-- B. kingi Barnett & Gibbs, 1968 | | |-- B. longipinnis (Pappenheim, 1914) | | |-- B. nigerrimus Giglioli, 1882 (Scaleless dragonfish) | | |-- B. pawneei Parr, 1927 | | |-- B. schizochirus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | | `-- B. vaillanti (Zugmayer, 1911) | `--o Grammatostomias [3] | |-- G. circularis Morrow, 1959 | |-- G. dentatus Goode & Bean, 1896 | `-- G. flagellibarba Holt & Bryne, 1910 `--o Malacosteinae (kitakalat) [Nelson: 3 genera, 15 species] |--o Aristostomias [6] | |-- A. grimaldii Zugmayer, 1913 | |-- A. lunifer Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- A. polydactylus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | |-- A. scintillans (Gilbert, 1915) (Shiny loosejaw) | |-- A. tittmanni Welsh, 1923 (Loosejaw) | `-- A. xenostoma Regan & Trewavas, 1930 |-- Malacosteus niger Ayres, 1848 (Stoplight loosejaw) |-- Pachystomias microdon (Günther, 1878) `--o Photostomias [Ultimostomias] [2] |-- P. guernei Collett, 1889 `-- P. mirabilis (Beebe, 1933)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Harold, A. S. & Weitzman, S. H., 1996: Interrelationships of Stomiiform fishes. 333-353
in Stiassny, M. L. J., Parenti, L. R. & Johnson, G. D., (eds.) 1996: Interrelationships of Fishes.
–Academic Press, New York, 1996, xiii-496 - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600