After Nelson, 1994
<==o Stomiidae (lohikäärmekalat) |-- †Eostomias Mioc. NA. |--o Astronesthinae (piikkihammaskalat) [5 genera, 30 species] | |-- Astronesthes | |-- Borostomias [Diplolychnus] | |-- Heterophotus | |-- Neonesthes | `-- Rhadinesthes `--+--o Stomiinae (lohikäärmekalat) | |-- Chauliodus Mioc. NA. R. Oc. [Chauliondontini] (sapelihammaskalat) [8 species] | `--o Stomiini (lohikäärmekalat) | |?- Macronestes | `-- Stomias [11 species] `--+==o Melanostomiinae (nahkakitakalat) [16 genera, 160 species] [paraphyletic?] | |?- Chirostomias | |?- Echiostoma [Echistosomias] | |?- Flagellostomias | |?- Leptostomias | |?- Melanostomias | |?- Odontostomias | |?- Opostomias | |?- Parabathophilus | |?- Photonectes [Photonectoides] | |?- Tactostoma | |?- Thysanactis | `?- Trigonolamba `--+--o "Eustomiinae" | |-- Bathophilus | `--+-- Eustomias [over 100 species] | `-- Grammatostomias `--+-- Idiacanthus Idiacanthinae (nauhakitakalat) `--o Malacosteinae (kitakalat) [3 genera, 15 species] |?- Pachystomias [a melanostomiine??] `--+-- Aristostomias |-- Malacosteus `-- Photostomias [Ultimostomias]
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600