After Carroll, 1988 and Nelson, 1994, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]

<==o Scarus [Callyodon, Pseudoscarus, Scarops, Ypsiscarus] Eoc. Eu. Mioc. SAs. R. Oc. ()? [N: 62] [FB: 50]
   |-- S. altipinnis (Steindachner, 1879) (Filament-finned parrotfish)
   |-- S. arabicus (Steindachner, 1902) (Arabian parrotfish)
   |-- S. bataviensis Bleeker 1857
   |-- S. caudofasciatus (Günther, 1862) (Redbarred parrotfish)
   |-- S. chameleon Choat & Randall, 1986 (Chameleon parrotfish)
   |-- S. coelestinus Valenciennes, 1840 (Midnight parrotfish)
   |-- S. coeruleus (Bloch, 1786) (Blue parrotfish)
   |-- S. collana Rüppell, 1835 (Red Sea parrotfish)
   |-- S. compressus (Osburn & Nichols, 1916) (Azure parrotfish)
   |-- S. dimidiatus Bleeker, 1859 (Yellowbarred parrotfish)
   |-- S. dubius Bennett, 1828 (Regal parrot)
   |-- S. falcipinnis (Playfair, 1868) (Sicklefin parrotfish)
   |-- S. ferrugineus Forsskål, 1775 (Rusty parrotfish)
   |-- S. festivus Valenciennes, 1840 (Festive parrotfish)
   |-- S. flavipectoralis Schultz, 1958 (Yellowfin parrotfish)
   |-- S. forsteni (Bleeker, 1861) (Forsten's parrotfish)
   |-- S. frenatus Lacépède, 1802 (Bridled parrotfish)
   |-- S. fuscopurpureus (Klunzinger, 1871) (Purple-brown parrotfish)
   |-- S. ghobban Forsskål, 1775 (Blue-barred parrotfish)
   |-- S. globiceps Valenciennes, 1840 (Globehead parrotfish)
   |-- S. guacamaia Cuvier, 1829 (Rainbow parrotfish)
   |-- S. hoefleri (Steindachner, 1881) (Guinean parrotfish)
   |-- S. hypselopterus Bleeker, 1853 (Yellow-tail parrotfish)
   |-- S. iserti (Bloch, 1789) (Striped parrotfish)
   |-- S. javanicus Bleeker, 1854 (Java parrotfish)
   |-- S. koputea Randall & Choat, 1980 (Marquesan parrotfish)
   |-- S. longipinnis Randall & Choat, 1980 (Highfin parrotfish)
   |-- S. microrhinos Bleeker, 1854 (Steephead parrotfish)
   |-- S. niger Forsskål, 1775 (Dusky parrotfish)
   |-- S. obishime Randall & Earle, 1993
   |-- S. oktodon (Bleeker, 1861)
   |-- S. oviceps Valenciennes, 1840 (Dark capped parrotfish)
   |-- S. ovifrons Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (Knobsnout parrotfish)
   |-- S. perrico Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 (Bumphead parrotfish)
   |-- S. persicus Randall & Bruce, 1983 (Gulf parrotfish)
   |-- S. prasiognathos Valenciennes, 1840 (Singapore parrotfish)
   |-- S. psittacus Forsskål, 1775 (Common parrotfish)
   |-- S. quoyi Valenciennes, 1840 (Quoy's parrotfish)
   |-- S. rivulatus Valenciennes, 1840 (Rivulated parrotfish)
   |-- S. rubroviolaceus Bleeker, 1847 (Ember parrotfish)
   |-- S. russelii Valenciennes, 1840 (Eclipse parrotfish)
   |-- S. scaber Valenciennes, 1840 (Fivesaddle parrotfish)
   |-- S. schlegeli (Bleeker, 1861) (Yellowband parrotfish)
   |-- S. spinus (Kner, 1868) (Greensnout parrotfish)
   |-- S. taeniopterus Desmarest, 1831 (Princess parrotfish)
   |-- S. tricolor Bleeker, 1847 (Tricolour parrotfish)
   |-- S. vetula Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Queen parrotfish)
   |-- S. viridifucatus (Smith, 1956) (Roundhead parrotfish)
   |-- S. xanthopleura Bleeker, 1853 (Red parrotfish)
   `-- S. zufar Randall & Hoover, 1995 (Dhofar parrotfish)

Reference(s):