After Li, Grande & Wilson, 1997, Zhang, 1998, and Hilton, 2003
<==o Osteoglossomorpha Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966 (bony-tongue fishes and relatives; luukieliset) |?- †Jiaohichthys pulchellus Ma, 1983 [Jiaohichthyidae] |?- †Liaoxiichthys longicephalus Su, 1992 |?- †Nierrkunia liae Su, 1992 |?- †Suziichthys xinbinensis Su, 1992 |?- †Ichthyodectiformes Bardeck & Sprinkle, 1969 |?-o †Juiquanichthyidae Ma, 1984 | |-- †Juiquanichthys liui Ma, 1984 | |-- †Changma shenjiawanensis Ma, 1984 | `--o †Qilianichthys Ma, 1984 | |-- †Q. hanxiaensis Ma, 1984 | `-- †Q. changmaensis Ma, 1984 |-- †Lycopteridae Liu, Su, Huang & Chang, 1963 [Lycopteriformes] `--+?-o †Kuyangichthidae Liu, Ma & Liu, 1982 | |-- †Kuyangichthys microdus Liu, Ma & Liu, 1982 | `-- †Pulinia baojiatunensis Ma, 1983 |-- Hiodontiformes Taverne, 1979 (kuusilmäkalat) `--+--o †Paralycoptera Chang & Chou, 1977; U. Jur. EAs. | |-- †P. wui Chang & Chou, 1977 | `-- †P. changi Ma & Sun, 1988 `--+-- †Jinanichthys longicephalus Ma & Sun, 1988 `--o Osteoglossiformes Regan, 1909 sensu Zhang, 2004 (bony-tongue fishes; arapaimakalat) |-- †Xixiaichthys tongxinensis Zhang, 2004 `--o Osteoglossiformes Regan, 1909 sensu Zhang, 1998 |--o †Huashiidae Chang & Chou, 1977 | |--o †Huashia Chang & Chou, 1977 | | |-- †H. gracilis Chang & Chou, 1977 | | `-- †H. tungi Ma, 1986 | `-- †Kuntulunia longipterus Liu, Ma & Liu, 1982 `-- Osteoglossiformes Regan, 1909 (bony-tongue fishes; arapaimakalat)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas - Fishes.
–Mergus - Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A.Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088. - Hilton, E. J., 2003: Comperative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha).
–Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 137, #1, pp. 1-100 - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Li, G-Q., Grande, L. & Wilson, M. V. H., 1997: The species of †Phareodus (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) from the Eocene of North America and their phylogenetic relationships.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 17, #3, pp. 487-505 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600 - Zhang, J.-Y., 1998: Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of †Kuntulunia (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha).
- –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 18, #2, pp. 280-300
- Zhang, J.-Y., 2004: New fossil osteoglossomoph from Ningxia, China.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 24, #3, pp. 515-524