<==o OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES (arapaimakalat)
   |--o OSTEOGLOSSOIDEI [Osteoglossidae sensu Li, Grande & Wilson, 1997] (arapaimamaiset)
   |  |-- Heterotididae [-inae] (arapaimat)
   |  `--+-- Pantopontidae (perhoskala)
   |     `--+?- †Singidididae
   |        `-- Osteoglossidae [-inae] (arawanat)
   `--o NOTOPTEROIDEI (teräkalamaiset)
      |-- †Ostariostomidae
      `--+--o NOTOPTEROIDEA (teräkalansukuiset)
         |  `-- Notopteridae (teräkalat)
         `--o MORMYROIDEA (norsukalansukuiset)
            |-- Gymnarchidae (nauhanorsukalat)
            `-- Mormyridae (varsinaiset norsukalat) [18/198]


Reference(s):

Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.

–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698

 
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648

in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.

–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.

–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088.

    Li, G-Q., Grande, L. & Wilson, M. V. H., 1997:
The species of †Phareodus (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) from the Eocene of
North America and their phylogenetic relationships.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 17, #3, pp. 487-505

Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.

–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223

Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.

–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600