After Birstein, Doukakis & DeSalle, 2002 [Fig. 1a.], and Grande & Hilton, 2009, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]
<==o Acipenseridae Bonaparte, 1831 sensu Bemis, et al., 1997 (sammet; Sturgeons) |?- †“Acipenser” albertensis Lambe, 1902 [Acipenser albertensis Lambe, 1902; Wilimovsky, 1956; “Acipenser” albertensis Lambe; Bryant, 1989; Hilton & Grande, 2006] U.Cret. WNAm. |?- †“Acipenser” eruciferus (Cope, 1876) [Ceratodus eruciferus Cope, 1876; Ceratodus hieroglyphus Cope, 1876; Estes, 1964; Rhineastes eruciferus (Cope) Lambe, 1902; Acipenser eruciferus (Cope) Estes, 1964; Estes, Berberian & Meszoely, 1969; “Acipenser” eruciferus (Cope) Bryant, 1989; Hilton & Grande, 2006] U.Cret. WNAm. |?- †“Acipenser” ornatus Leidy, 1873a [Acipenser ornatus Leidy, 1873a, 1873c; Wilimovsky, 1956; Acipenser oxyrhynchus Mitchell, 1815; Purdy et al., 2001; “Acipenser” ornatus Leidy; Hilton & Grande, 2006] U.Cret. WNAm. |-- †Protoscaphirhynchus squamosus Wilimovsky, 1956; U.Cret. NAm. `--+-- †Priscosturion longipinnis (Grande & Hilton, 2006) Grande & Hilton, 2009 [Psammorhynchus longipinnis Grande & Hilton, 2006, non Psammorhynchus Meixner, 1938, a flatworm (Platyhelmithes)] [Priscosturioninae Grande & Hilton, 2009] |--o Scaphirhynchini Bonaparte, 1846 | |?- Pseudoscaphirhynchus rossikowi Nikolskii, 1900 | `--o Scaphirhynchus | |-- S. albus (Forbes & Richardson, 1905) (Pallid sturgeon) | |-- S. platorynchus (Rafinesque, 1820) (Shovelnose sturgeon) | `-- S. suttkusi Williams & Clemmer, 1991 (Alabama sturgeon) `--o Acipenserinae Bonaparte, 1831 `==o Acipenser Linnaeus, 1758 [incl. Huso Brandt, 1869] |--+-- Acipenser sturio Linnaeus, 1758 (sampi; Sturgeon) | `--o Acipenser oxyrhynchus Mitchill, 1815 [A. oxyrinchus] | |-- A. o. desotoi Vladykov, 1955 (Gulf sturgeon) | `-- A. o. oxyrhynchus Mitchill, 1815 (Atlantic sturgeon) `--+-- Acipenser sinensis Gray, 1835 (Chinese sturgeon) |--+-- Acipenser schrenckii Brandt, 1869 (Amur sturgeon) | `--+-- Acipenser medirostris Ayres, 1854 (Green sturgeon) | `-- Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836 (valkosampi; White sturgeon) `--+?- Acipenser dabryanus Duméril, 1869 (jangtsensampi; Yangtze sturgeon) [not treated by Birstein, Doukakis & DeSalle (2002)] |?- Acipenser multiscutatus Tanaka, 1908 (Japanese sturgeon) [not treated by Birstein, Doukakis & DeSalle (2002)] |-- Acipenser mikadoi Hilgendorf, 1892 (Sakhalin sturgeon) `--+-- Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, 1817 (järvisampi; Lake sturgeon) |-- Acipenser nudiventris Lovetzky, 1828 (Fringebarbel sturgeon) |--+-- Huso dauricus (Georgi, 1775) (kaluga) | `--+-- Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758) (kitasampi; beluga) | `-- Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758 (sterletti; Sterlet) |--+-- Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771 (Starry sturgeon) | `--o Pseudoscaphirhynchus [Kessleria] | |?- P. fedtschenkoi (Kessler, 1872) (Syr Darya sturgeon) [not treated by Birstein, Doukakis & DeSalle (2002)] | |-- P. hermanni (Kessler, 1877) (Dwarf sturgeon) | `-- P. kaufmanni (Kessler, 1874) (Amu Darya sturgeon) `--+-- Acipenser brevirostrum Lesueur, 1818 (Shortnose sturgeon) `--+--o Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869 (siperiansampi) | |-- A. b. baerii Brandt, 1869 (siperiansampi; Siberian sturgeon) | |-- A. b. baicalensis Nikolskii, 1896 (baikalinsampi; Baikal sturgeon) | `-- A. b. stenorrhynchus Nikolskii, 1896 (lenansampi; Lena River `--+-- Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeberg, 1833 (venäjänsampi; russian sturgeon) `--+-- Acipenser naccarii Bonaparte, 1836 (Adriatic sturgeon) `-- Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 (Persian sturgeon)
Reference(s):
- Birstein, V. J., Doukakis, P. & DeSalle, R., 2002: Molecular phylogeny of Acipenseridae: Nonmonophyly of Scaphirhynchinae.
–Copeia: Vol. 102, #2, pp. 287-301 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698 - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Grande, L. & Bemis, W. E. 1991: Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of fossil and recent paddlefishes (Polyodontidae) with comments on the interrelationships of Acipenseriformes.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: vol. 11, #1, supplement to #1, pp. viii-121. - Grande, L. & Hilton, E. J., 2009: A replacement name for †Psammorhynchus Grande & Hilton, 2006 (Actinopterygii, Acipenseriformes, Acipenseridae).
–Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 83, #2, pp. 317-318 - Hilton, E. J. & Grande, L., 2006: Review of the fossil record of sturgeons, family Acipenseridae (Actinopterygii: Acipenseriformes), from North America.
–Journal of Paleontology: Vol. 80, #4, pp. 672-683 - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600