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Kaupunkitutkimuksen = yhteiskuntatieteelliset perusteet
23.1.2006=
tutkija VTT Pasi Mäenpää
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Luentokerta 1. Kaupun= kien ja niiden tutkimis= en historiaa
pkurssin esittely =
pKaup= ungin määritelmä?
pKaup= unkien piirteitä
pKaupunkien synty eli kulttuurin kehitys
pKlas= sisia kaupunkikäsitteitä
pKaup= unkien kehittymisen tapoja eli kaupunkity= yppejä
pL&au= ml;hestymistapoja kaupunkiin
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Kaupungin määritelmä?
ps= anakirja: oman kuntansa muodostava, tiheä= än (suunnitelmallisesti) rakennettu, tavallisesti suuri asutuskeskus
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pRajanti: alkuperäinen moneus
pSennett: city is a human settlement in which stra= ngers are likely to meet
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pminun kaupunkini?&= #13;
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Kaupunkien piirteit&au= ml;
psuuri koko
ptilallinen läheisyys, tiheä kommunikaatio ja vaihto, yhteydet
ptaloudellinen ylijäämä ja= sen vaihto (markkinat)
prakennukset, rakenne, infrastruktuuri= 3;
prituaalit, sivistys, keskus – peri= feria (vaikutusalue)
panonyymiys, kaupunkilaisuus (oikeudet) &= #13;
pvapaus – järjestys
psuuri, tiheä, heterogeeninen (Wirth: moderni kaupunki)
psivilisaatio (Mumford)
pmetaforia: rakennus, punos, rihmasto, ko= ne, näyttämö, sulatusuuni
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Kaupunkien synty eli kulttuurin kehitys
pJeriko, Mesopotamia, Niilin laakso, Indu= s-laakso (9 000–4&= nbsp;000 v. eaa.) pCatal Hüyük (Soja ja synekismi) (kivikautinen Suomi?) pkaupunki vai maaseutu kulttuurin kehto? etäisyys vai läheisyys? (vrt. ”innovatiivisuus”) – suomalainen itseymmärrys? pmyytit: u= topioita ja dystopioita (Moren Utopia, Ideapark), syntymyytit (Romulus & Remus, Viipuri)
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Klassisia kaupunkikäsitteitä
ppolis (kaupunkivaltio ja yhteisön jäsenyys; vs. oikos)&= #13;
purbs – civitas: rakennukset &= #8211; yhteisö
pagora, piazza (campo, plaza)
pbulevardi, pasaasi
pburgenses, po= rvari (”linnalainen”)
pshopping mall <= /span>
pkaupunki =
pflâneur
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Kaupunkien kehittymisen tapoja eli kaupunkityyppejä
pjoki, rannikko
pmaatalous
plinnoitus
pkauppa (luontainen, perustettu; Helsinki= )
p= Weber: keskiajalla länsimainen kaup= unki yhdistää linnoituksen ja markkinat
pkeskiaikainen kaupunki: muurilla suljett= u, markkina-aukio, raatihuone tms., katedra= ali
prenessanssi: taiteen, arkkitehtuurin, hu= manismin ja vaurauden liitto<= /span>
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Lähestymistapoja kaupunkiin&#= 13;
pkaupunki hyvinvoinnin tuottajana (moderni= smi, 1900-luku)
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pkaupunki taideluomana (romantiikka, 1800-luku)
pkaupunki kulttuurin tuottajana (hermeneutiikka, 2000-luku?) (Kervanto Nevanlinna) pkaupunkit= utkimuksen ajattelutapa: 1) kaupunki yhteiskunnan tasona ja yksikkönä 2) tila= ja sen yhteisk= unnallisuus (Mäenpää)
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Kirjallisuutta<= span style=3D'mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
pLewis = Mumford (1961): The City in History
pTaina Rajanti (1999): Kaupunki on ihmisen koti
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pMax Weber (1921): Kaupunki
pPeter Hall (1998): Cities in Civilization
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>p
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2. Kaupunkitutkimuksen perus-kysymyksi= ä – ja reunahuomautuksia
p
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pKaupunkis= osiologian teemoja
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pKlassisia modernin kaupungin tulkintoja
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pModernin kaupungin peruskysymyksiä
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pChicagon koulukunta
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pTeoreetti= sia lähestymistapoja
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pSuomalain= en kaupunki ja kaupunkitutkimus
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pKaupunkit= utkimuksen alat
<= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>pKaupunkit= utkimus tieteenä
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Kaupunkisosiologian teemoja (Savage & <= /span><= span lang=3DFI style=3D'font-size:91%'>Warde)
pkaupunkielämän kokeminen (anonyymiys)
ppaikkojen erityisyys ja identiteetti = ;
ppaikallinen sosiaalinen rakenne (luokka-= , sukupuoli- etninen jne.)
psosiaaliset siteet ja kontaktit (niiden = yhteys ympäristöön) <= /span>
pkaupungistumisen historiallinen selittäminen&= #13;
pkaupunkien tilallinen rakenne ja niiden = yhteys sosiaaliseen vuorovaikutukseen
pkaupungin ongelmat (saasteet, köyhy= ys, rikollisuus jne.)
ppaikallispolitiikka ja sen yhteydet arkielämään
p-> kapitalismi ja moderniteetti
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Klassisia modernin kaupungin tulkintoja
p
pMarx & Engels: tuotantotapa, konflik= ti, ahtaus ja kurjuus, ”kaikki pysyvä haihtuu ilmaan”, työväenluokan <= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:34.75%;left:9.73%;width:84.45%;height:4.75%= '>proletarisoituminen ja politisoituminen&= #13;
pTönnies: Gemeinschaft – Gesellschaft (intiimiys, yksityisyys, sisäänpäin kääntyminen vs. rationaalisuus, muodollisuus, yleispätevyys)
pDurkheim: mekaaninen ja orgaaninen solid= aarisuus (samankaltaisuus vs. työnjako)
pSimmel: ärsykepaljous, järkiperäisyys, rahatalous, kyllästyminen, ruumiillinen läheisyys &#= 8211; henkinen etäisyys, aversio, suuren joukon vapaus, sekä neg. ett&= auml; pos.
pWeber: kauppa, autonomia, yhdistystoimin= ta
p-> kaupunkitutkimus =3D sosiologia el= i modernin yhteiskunnan tiede
p
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Modernin kaupungin peruskysymyksiä
pteollistuminen ja moderni kaupunki vv. 1850–1900: m= iten kaupunki kasvaa ja kehittyy? millainen ympäristö moderni kaupunki on = ihmiselle? mitä ongelmia kaupungist= uminen ja kaupunk= ien kasvu tuottaa?
pmassa ja väkijoukko: epäyksilöllistyminen, ”joukkosielu” (Le Bon), villiintyjästä mukautujaksi, massayhteiskunta, kokemuksen = välittyneisyys (situationistit) = ;
pongelmalähtöisyys <= /span>
pjulkinen tila yhteisenä tilana (Lof= land: regio incognita?)
prakenne, toimijat vai kulttuuri?<= /span>
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Chicagon koulukunta
pmuodostaa kaupunkisosiologian klassikkoperinnön (n. vv. 1900-1940)
ptaustalla Simmel, amerikkalainen teollisen kaupungin versio
pPark: kaupunki ihmisluonnon tuote
nurbaani laboratorio
netnografia (jengit, hobot, tanssipaikat) (tärkein = perintö?)
nluonto-kulttuuri-jännite
pBurgess: kaupungin kasvun kehämalli
pWirth: suuri koko, tiheys ja heterogeenisyys
p
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Teoreettisia lähestymistapoja
p<= span lang=3DFI style=3D'font-size:86%;display:none'>
ppoliittinen taloustiede 1960–1970-= luvulta (Castells, Harvey): poliittinen analyysi, fordismi pä= äoman, työn ja valtion suhteena, pääomalogiikka, yleiset mutta historiall= iset lainalaisuudet, käyttöarvo-vai= htoarvo (Logan & Molotch)
p= globaalikaupunki 1990-luvulta (Sassen): = talouden keskukset, polarisaa= tio
pinteraktionismi ja urbaani etnografia (k= olme lajia)
ptutkimussuuntausten omat teoriat
peurooppalainen kaupunki?
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Suomalainen kaupunki ja kaupunkitutkimus
p
pteollistuminen ja kaupungistuminen 1870-= l. lähtien
p1900-luvun alussa ”urbaani kansalaisyhteiskunta”
p1920-luku ja kulttuurinen urbanismi: Tulenkantajat, koneromantiikka, ”uusi nainen”
pkaupungin epäily: nationalismi R= 11; luonto
pWaris (1932): teollistumisen ja työväestön ongelmat
pmyöhäinen ja nopea kaupungistu= minen 1965–1975
pKortteinen (1982): puoliurbaanin yhteisk= unnan elämäntapa ja hyvinvointi
p1980-luvun kulttuurinen kaupungistuminen= : alkoholipolitiikka, kulutus, estetiikka,= urbaani media
pkaupunkitutkimuksen kasvu 1990-l. lä= ;htien (kaupunkikulttuuri, kulutus, tilan polit= iikka, aluekeskukset, kaupunkirakenteen muutos, kaupunkipolitiikka jne.)
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Kaupunkitutkimuksen alat
psosiologia: kaupunki yhteiskuntana, vuorovaikutuksena, yleistieteellinen pyrkimys
pmaantiede (aluetiede): tila, paikka, maisema
ptaloustiede: kaupunkitalous <= /span>
ppolitiikan tutkimus: hallinto, demokrati= a, kehittäminen
parkkitehtuurin tutkimus: arkkitehtuuri, tilallisuus, kaupunkirakenne ja sen tuotanto, rakennetun ympäristön estetiikka
ptaidehistoria: rakennetun ympärist&= ouml;n estetiikka, kaupunk= imuodot, arkkitehtuuri, ihanteet
pympäristötieteet ja ekologia: = esim. saastuminen, vesistöt, kaupunkilajisto, virkistysalueet
pesim. asumistutkimus: mikä tieteena= la?        = ;           (kalvo)=
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Kaupunkitutkimus tieteenä
ptieteiden rajat ja kaupunkitutkimuksen <= /span>rajattomuus (esim. tiedotustutkimus?)= 3;
ponko kaikki yhteiskuntatiede kaupunkitutkimusta?
pei kumuloituvaa teoriaa, ei yhtenäi= stä teoriaperinnettä eikä metodologiaa (teoreettiset muodit)
pkaupunki ei teoreettinen kohde eikä= yleistettävissä: miten sit&aum= l; voi tieteellisesti tutkia?
pkaupunkitiede vai kaupunkitutkimuksen monitieteinen kenttä?
purban studies
p<= span style=3D'font-size:86%;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
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Kirjallisuutta
pM= onta kertaa kaupunkiin: http://195.148.247.90= /wandora/ pMike S= avage & Alan Warde (1993): Urban Sociology, Capitalism and Modernity = pHeikki Waris (1932): Työläisyhteiskunnan syntyminen Pitkänsillan pohjoispuolelle
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pMatti Kortteinen (1982): Lähiö
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>p
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3. Kaupunkitilat
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pJulkinen tila
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pOnko julkinen tila kuollut?
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pKulutusyhteiskunnan julkinen tila
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pNykykaupungin julkiset tilat
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pTilallisuus ja tilan teoria
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pSukupuolittunut tila
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-3.89%;top:.3em'>pKuri, järjestys, valvonta, ulossulkeminen
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Julkinen tila
p
pagora, piazza, tori
pkahvilat, salongit ja klubit (lehdist&ou= ml;n eli porvarillisen mediajulkisuuden synty, Habermas)
pSimmel: yhteiskunta on vuorovaikutuksess= a
p= tuntemattomien kohtaaminen, mielipiteenm= uodostus (Arendt, Sennett)= 3;
pGoffman: julkinen käyttäytymin= en, vuorovaikutusjärjestys, impression management
ptheatrum mundi: kaupunki näyttämönä
pjulkinen elämä (Ortega y Gasse= t)
pjulkiset rakennukset, instituutioiden ju= lkisuus (Eräsaari)
ptilojen avoimuus ja niiden kollektiivinen käyttö (Kopomaa): edustuksellisuus, suojelevuus, virkistys, tuottavuus – <= /span>marginaalikäytännöt
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 Onko julkinen tila kuollut?
ppublic life, public sphere, public space
pArendt: yhdistävä “pöytä” kadonnut, talous ja vaurastuminen luoneet sosiaalisen alueen julkisen tilalle
pSennett: poliittisesta tilasta (<= span lang=3DFI style=3D'font-size:71%'>res publica) intiimisyyden kulttuuriin
p= Habermas: porvarillisen julkisuuden kato= aminen (valistus)
ppuolijulkinen tila (semi-public space, quasi-public space)=
pamerikkalainen yhteisöllisyyspainot= us (Sennett, Davis, Putnam, Sorkin et al.)
pyhteisöllisyys vai julkisuus ja sen sisältämä seurallisuus?
pHandelman: julkiset tapahtumat ovat olem= assa, onko yhteis&= ouml;?
pinternet ja virtuaalinen julkinen tila tyhjentää kaupungin?
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Kulutusyhteiskunnan julkinen tila (Mäenpää)
pkulutuksen ja julkisen tilan suhde: kulu= tus nousee kaupunkikulttuurista (anonyymiys,= ärsykkeet, sisäinen maailma, fantasiointi, sattumanvaraisuus, mimeettinen itsesuhde) pkaupunkijulkisuus yksilön ja yhteis= ön välisenä vaihtosuhteena (metakommunikaatio) panti-Arendt: kulutus on julkisuus, yhteenliittävä ja erottava ”pöytä” <= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:69.75%;left:9.73%;width:84.45%;height:5.75%= '>phomo l= udens urbanus: kaupunkitila l= eikin näyttämönä ja kuliss= ina
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Nykykaupungin julkiset tilat (Mäenpää)
p<= span lang=3DFI style=3D'font-size:86%;display:none'>
puusi kaupunkikäsitys: tapahtumisen, toiminnan ja viihtymisen paikka
ptilan tilalle elämyksellinen tila: kaupunkitila kehyksenä
pjulkinen tila jatkuu sisään, sisätila ulos
ppuolijulkisuus, panoptismi, avoimuus = ;
pkaupunki kauppakeskukseen – ja toisinpäin
ppienoiskaupungit, sisäkaupungit, terminaalikaupungit
p= liikkumisen lisääntyminen ja itsetarkoituksellisuus
pliikkuva tietoverkko: toinen kaupunkirak= enne, käyttöliittymä kaupunkiin=
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Tilallisuus ja tilan t= eoria
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>p
pLefebvre: tila yhteiskunnallis-taloudellinen tuotantote= kijä, havaittu tila – käsitetty tila = – eletty tila
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pSoja: tila historian tilalle
pLehtovuori: ”heikko paikka” ja henkilö= ;kohtaisen merkityksenannon hetki
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Sukupuolittunut tila <= /span>
pnaistutkimus 1980-luvulta lähtien: identiteetti, ruumiillisuus
pmale gaze – flâneuse?=
ptilan otto, ajankäyttö
p”julkinen nainen”
pButler: anatominen sukupuoli, sukupuoli-identiteetti ja sukupuoliperformanssi (tuottaa tilaa) <= /span>
ptilan heteronormatiivisuus – homoscene
ppelkoparadoksi: naiset pelkääv= ät väkivaltaa, miehet kohtaavat sitä
pnaisemansipaation tila? (Wilson)
p= kulutuskaupungin feminiinisyys (Zola, Kortelainen): naiset tottuneet kaupungin esityksellisyyteen
p<= span style=3D'font-size:71%;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
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Kuri, järjestys, valvonta, ulossulkeminen
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>p
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pkameravalvonta
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pitsekontrolloiva panoptikon
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>ppuolijulkisten tilojen tutkimuskoe
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>prikollisuuden pelko kasvanut
pSaarikangas: metsälähiö suomalaisen ur= banismin mallina, perheroolien normalisointi<= span lang=3DFI style=3D'display:none'>
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%;top:.3em'>pgated communities
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Kirjallisuutta<= span style=3D'mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
p
pHannah Arendt (2002): Vita activa. Ihmis= enä olemisen ehdot
pRichard Sennett (1977): The Fall of Public Man = ;
pJürgen Habermas (2004): Julkisuuden rakennemuutos
p= Jane Jacobs (1961): The Death and Life of Great Am= erican Cities
pHaarni, Karvinen, Koskela & Tani (to= im.) (1997): Tila, paikka ja maisema
pPanu Lehtovuori (2005): Experience and Conflict
pHille Koskela (1999): Fear, Control & Space
pKirsi Saarikangas (2002): Asunnon muodonmuutoksia
pLeena Eräsaari (1995): Kohtaamisia byrokratian näyttämöillä
pYhdyskuntasuunnittelu 2002: 3-4 (Lefebvre-teemanum= ero)
p<= span lang=3DFI style=3D'font-size:64%;display:none'>
pEkskursio Kampin keskukseen esimerkki= nä leviävästä kulutussuuntautuneesta puolijulkisesta tilasta!=
p
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MakeSldVis(); ChkAutoAdv() if( runAnimations ) { if( document.all("NSPlay") ) document.all("NSPlay").autoStart =3D false; if( sld.filters && sld.filters.revealtrans ) setTimeout( "document.body.start()", sld.filters.revealtrans.duration * = 1000 ); else document.body.start(); } } function MakeSldVis()=20 { var fTrans=3Dg_showAnimation && SldHasTrans() if( fTrans )=09 { if( g_bgSound ) { idx=3Dg_bgSound.indexOf(","); pptSound.src=3Dg_bgSound.substr( 0, idx ); pptSound.loop=3D -(parseInt(g_bgSound.substr(idx+1))); } SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Apply()=09 } SlideObj.style.visibility=3D"visible" if( fTrans ) SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Play() } function MakeNotesVis()=20 { if( !IsNts() ) return false=20 SlideObj.style.display=3D"none" nObj =3D document.all.item("NotesObj") parent.SetHasNts(0) if( nObj ) {=20 nObj.style.display=3D"" parent.SetHasNts(1) } return 1 } function ChkAutoAdv() { if(SldHasTrans()) SlideObj.onfilterchange=3DAutoAdv else AutoAdv() } function AutoAdv() { if(!IsWin("PPTSld") || !gUseSldTimings )return var sld=3DGetCurSld() if( (sld.mAdvDelay>0) && !parent.IsFramesMode() ) setTimeout("parent.GoToNextSld()",sld.mAdvDelay) } function GetObj(id) { if(g_supportsPPTHTML) return document.all(id); else return document.getElementById(id); } function SldHasTrans() { return SlideObj.style.filter !=3D ""; } function GetSldId()=20 { var regExp =3D /file:\/\/\//i var pos =3D location.href.search(regExp) if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "" && pos !=3D -1) sId =3D location.href.substring(pos) else { sId =3D RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(location.href); var regExp =3D /\// var fixedHref =3D sId var pos =3D -1 =09 pos =3D fixedHref.search(regExp) while (pos !=3D -1) { fixedHref =3D fixedHref.replace(regExp, "\\") pos =3D fixedHref.search(regExp) } =09 if (g_fBaseHyperlink =3D=3D true) sId =3D "file:///" + fixedHref; else sId =3D fixedHref.substring(fixedHref.lastIndexOf('\\') + 1) } =09 return sId } function HideMenu() { if( frames["PPTSld"] && PPTSld.document.all.item("ctx= tmenu") && PPTSld.ctxtmenu.style.display!=3D"none" ) { PPTSld.ctxtmenu.styl= e.display=3D'none'; return true } return false } function IsWin( name ) { return window.name =3D=3D name } function IsNts() { return IsWin("PPTNts") } function IsSldOrNts() { return( IsWin("PPTSld")||IsWin("PPTNts") ) } function SupportsPPTAnimation() { return( navigator.platform =3D=3D "Win32"= && navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Windows")>0 ) } function SupportsPPTHTML() { var appVer=3Dnavigator.appVersion, msie=3DappVer.indexOf("MSIE "), ver=3D0 if( msie >=3D 0 ) ver=3DparseFloat( appVer.substring( msie+5, appVer.indexOf(";",msie) ) ) else ver=3DparseInt(appVer) return( ver >=3D 4 && msie >=3D 0 ) } function _RSW() { if( !g_supportsPPTHTML || IsNts() || ( !g_scaleInFrame && (!IsWin("PPTSld") || !parent.IsFullScrMode()) ) ) return var padding=3D0; if( IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFramesMode() ) padding=3D6 cltWidth=3Ddocument.body.clientWidth-padding cltHeight=3Ddocument.body.clientHeight-padding factor=3D(1.0*cltWidth)/g_origW if( cltHeight < g_origH*factor ) factor=3D(1.0*cltHeight)/g_origH newSize =3D g_origSz * factor if( newSize < 1 ) newSize=3D1 s=3DSlideObj.style s.fontSize=3DnewSize+"px" s.posWidth=3Dg_origW*factor s.posHeight=3Dg_origH*factor s.posLeft=3D(cltWidth-s.posWidth+padding)/2 s.posTop=3D(cltHeight-s.posHeight+padding)/2 if( g_scaleHyperlinks ) ScaleHyperlinks( factor ) } function _InitAnimations() { animRuntimeInstalled =3D ''+document.body.localTime !=3D 'undefined'; isFullScreen =3D (window.name =3D=3D "PPTSld") && !parent.IsFramesMode(); g_animUseRuntime =3D g_showAnimation && animRuntimeInstalled && !(isFullSc= reen && parent.IsSldVisited()); if( g_animUseRuntime ) { collSeq =3D document.all.tags("seq"); if( collSeq !=3D null ) { for(ii=3D0;ii numSlds ) gSldJumpIdx =3D numSlds; if ( gSldJumpIdx >=3D 0 ) { if ( gSldJumpIdx =3D=3D 0 ) gSldJumpIdx =3D 1; var jumpTo =3D parseInt(gSldJumpIdx); gSldJump =3D 0; gSldJumpIdx =3D ""; win.GoToSld( parent.GetSldList().mList[jumpTo-1].mSldHref ) } } } function _KDH() { if( event.keyCode =3D=3D 8 ) { event.returnValue =3D 0; parent.GoToPrevSld(); } } function PlaySound( href, loop ){ href=3D unescape(href); if( window.event ) window.event.cancelBubble =3D true; pptSound.src =3D href; pptSound.loop =3D loop ? -1 : 0; } function DocumentOnClick() { if( IsNts() || parent.HideMenu() ) return; if( ( g_allowAdvOnClick && !parent.IsFramesMode() ) || (event && (event.keyCode=3D=3D32) ) ) parent.GoToNextSld(); } var g_supportsPPTHTML =3D SupportsPPTHTML(), g_scaleInFrame =3D 1, gId=3D""= , g_bgSound=3D"", g_scaleHyperlinks =3D false, g_allowAdvOnClick =3D 1, g_showInBrowser = =3D 0, gLoopCont =3D 0, gUseSldTimings =3D 1; var g_showAnimation =3D g_supportsPPTHTML && SupportsPPTAnimation() && ( (w= indow.name=3D=3D"PPTSld" && !parent.IsFramesMode()) || g_showInBrowser );va= r g_animManager =3D null; var g_animUseRuntime =3D false; var g_animItemsToHide, g_animInteractiveItems, g_animSlideTime; var g_animMainSequence =3D null; var ENDSHOW_MESG=3D"End of slide show, click to exit.", SCREEN_MODE=3D"Fram= es", gIsEndShow=3D0, NUM_VIS_SLDS=3D28, SCRIPT_HREF=3D"script.js", FULLSCR_= HREF=3D"fullscreen.htm"; var gCurSld =3D gPrevSld =3D 1, g_offset =3D 0, gNtsOpen =3D gHasNts =3D gO= tlTxtExp =3D 0, gHasNarration =3D 0, gOtlOpen =3D true window.gPPTHTML=3DSupportsPPTHTML() var g_fBaseHyperlink =3D false; var gMainDoc=3Dnew Array(new hrefList("slide0001.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList(= "slide0008.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0009.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("= slide0004.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0010.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("s= lide0011.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0012.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("sl= ide0013.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0014.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("sli= de0015.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0016.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slid= e0017.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0018.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide= 0019.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0020.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0= 021.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0022.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide00= 23.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0024.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide002= 5.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0026.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0027= .htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0028.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0033.= htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0029.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0030.h= tm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0031.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0032.ht= m",1,-1,1)); /********************************************* Frameset functions These functions control slide navigation and state of the frameset. **********************************************/ function RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(href) { var regExp =3D /^file:\/\/\//i; return href.replace(regExp, "") } function FullScrInit() { g_allowAdvOnClick =3D GetCurSld().mAdvOnClk document.body.style.backgroundColor=3D"black" document.oncontextmenu=3Dparent._CM; document.onkeydown =3D _KDH; document.ondragstart=3DCancel document.onselectstart=3DCancel self.focus() } function Redirect( frmId ) {=09 var str=3Ddocument.location.hash,idx=3Dstr.indexOf('#'), sId=3DGetSldId() if(idx>=3D0) str=3Dstr.substr(1); if( window.name !=3D frmId && ( sId !=3D str) ) { obj =3D GetObj("Main-File") window.location.href=3Dobj.href+"#"+sId return 1 } return 0 } var MHTMLPrefix =3D CalculateMHTMLPrefix();=20 function CalculateMHTMLPrefix() { if ( document.location.protocol =3D=3D 'mhtml:') {=20 href=3Dnew String(document.location.href)=20 Start=3Dhref.indexOf('!')+1=20 End=3Dhref.lastIndexOf('/')+1=20 if (End < Start)=20 return href.substring(0, Start)=20 else=20 return href.substring(0, End)=20 } return ''; } function GetTags(base,tag) { if(g_supportsPPTHTML) return base.all.tags(tag); else return base.getElementsByTagName(tag); } function UpdNtsPane(){ if(frames["PPTNts"]) PPTNts.location.replace( MHTMLP= refix+GetHrefObj( gCurSld ).mNtsHref ) } function UpdNavPane( sldIndex ){ if(gNavLoaded) PPTNav.UpdNav() } function UpdOtNavPane(){ if(gOtlNavLoaded) PPTOtlNav.UpdOtlNav() } function UpdOtlPane(){ if(gOtlLoaded) PPTOtl.UpdOtl() } function SetHasNts( fVal ) { if( gHasNts !=3D fVal ) { gHasNts=3DfVal UpdNavPane() } } function ToggleOtlText() { gOtlTxtExp=3D!gOtlTxtExp UpdOtlPane() } function ClearMedia() { // Clear any sounds playing before launching another browser window. Other= wise, // in fullscreen mode, you'll continue to hear the sound in the frames mod= e. if (PPTSld.pptSound) PPTSld.pptSound.loop =3D 0; } function FullScreen() {=20 if ( PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) PPTSld.document.body.pause(); ClearMedia(); var href =3D ( document.location.protocol =3D=3D 'mhtml:') ? FULLSCR_HREF = : FULLSCR_HREF+"#"+GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mSldHref; if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "") href =3D RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(href) if(PPTNav.event.ctrlKey) { var w =3D (window.screen.availWidth * 1.0) / 2.0 var h =3D w * (PPTSld.g_origH * 1.0) / PPTSld.g_origW win =3D window.open( MHTMLPrefix+href,null,"toolbar=3D0,resizable=3D1,top= =3D0,left=3D0," + "width=3D"+ w + ",height=3D" + h ); if( win.document.body && PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) win.document.body.PPTSldFrameset=3Dwindow; } else { win =3D window.open( MHTMLPrefix+href,null,"fullscreen=3Dyes" ); if( win.document.body && PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) win.document.body.PPTSldFrameset=3Dwindow; } } function ToggleVNarration() { rObj=3DPPTSld.document.all("NSPlay") if( rObj && !PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) { if( (rObj.playState =3D=3D 1)||(rObj.playState =3D=3D 0) ) rObj.Play() else if( rObj.playState =3D=3D 2 ) rObj.Pause() else return; } else if( PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) { narObj =3D PPTSld.document.all("narrationID") if( narObj ) narObj.togglePause() } } function GetCurSldNum() { =20 obj=3DGetHrefObj(gCurSld) if( obj.mOrigVis =3D=3D 1 ) return obj.mSldIdx else =20 return gCurSld } function GetNumSlds() { =20 if( GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mOrigVis =3D=3D 1 ) return GetSldList().mNumVisSlds; else return GetSldList().mList.length } function GetSldNum( href ) { for(ii=3D0; ii 1 ) PopSldList(); else if( !IsFramesMode() ) { if( gLoopCont ) GoToFirst() else EndShow() } } function GoToPrevSld() { ii=3DgCurSld-1 if( ii > 0 ) { obj=3DGetHrefObj(ii) while ( obj && ( obj.mVis =3D=3D 0 ) && ( ii>0 ) ) obj=3DGetHrefObj(--ii) if( ii =3D=3D 0 ) ii=3D1 GoToSldNum(ii) } } function GoToFirst(){ GoToSld( GetHrefObj(1).mSldHref ) } function GoToLast() { ii=3DGetSldList().mList.length if( ii !=3D gCurSld ) GoToSld( GetHrefObj(ii).mSldHref ) } function GoToSldNum( num ) { if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue obj =3D GetHrefObj( num ) obj.mVis=3D1 gPrevSld=3DgCurSld gCurSld =3D num; =09 if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "") PPTSld.location.replace(MHTMLPrefix+RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(obj.mSldHref= )) else PPTSld.location.replace(obj.mSldHref) =09 if( IsFramesMode() ) { UpdNavPane(); UpdOtlPane(); UpdNtsPane() } } function GoToSld( href ) { if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue GetHrefObj( GetSldNum(href) ).mVis=3D1 if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "") PPTSld.location.replace(MHTMLPrefix+RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(href)) else PPTSld.location.replace(href) } function SldUpdated( id ) { if( id =3D=3D GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mSldHref ) return gPrevSld=3DgCurSld gCurSld=3DGetSldNum(id) if( IsFramesMode() ) { UpdNavPane(); UpdOtlPane(); UpdNtsPane() } } function PrevSldViewed(){ GoToSld( GetHrefObj(gPrevSld).mSldHref ) } function HasPrevSld() { return ( gIsEndShow || ( gCurSld !=3D 1 && GetHrefO= bj( gCurSld-1 ).mVis =3D=3D 1 )||( GetCurSldNum() > 1 ) ) } function HasNextSld() { return (GetCurSldNum() !=3D GetNumSlds()) } function CloseWindow() { if( HideMenu() ) return; =09 var event =3D PPTSld.event; if( !IsFramesMode() && event && (event.keyCode=3D=3D27 || event.keyCode=3D= =3D32 || event.type=3D=3D"click" ) ) window.close( self ); CatchNumKeys( self, event ); } function Unload() { gIsEndShow=3D0; } function SetupEndShow() { gIsEndShow=3D1; PPTSld.document.body.scroll=3D"no"; PPTSld.document.onkeypress=3DCloseWindow; PPTSld.document.onclick=3DCloseWindow; PPTSld.document.oncontextmenu=3D_CM; } function EndShow() { if( IsFramesMode() ) return if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue doc=3DPPTSld.document var dir =3D doc.body.dir if( dir !=3D "rtl" ) dir =3D "ltr"; doc.open() doc.writeln('


' + ENDSHOW_MESG + '

') doc.close() } function SetSldVisited(){ GetSldList().mList[gCurSld-1].mVisited=3Dtrue } function IsSldVisited(){ return GetSldList().mList[gCurSld-1].mVisited } function hrefList( sldHref, visible, advDelay, advClk ) { this.mSldHref=3D this.mNtsHref =3D sldHref this.mOrigVis=3D this.mVis =3D visible this.mVisited=3D false this.mAdvDelay=3D advDelay this.mAdvOnClk=3D advClk } function SldList(arr,curSld,fEnd) { this.mCurSld =3D curSld; this.mList =3D new Array(); var idx =3D 1; for(ii=3D0;ii 0) { PushSldList(sldList,fEnd); gCurSld =3D 1; } else if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue } function PushSldList(arr,fEnd) { var ii =3D gSldStack.length; gSldStack[ii] =3D new SldList(arr,gCurSld,fEnd); GoToSld( gSldStack[ii].mList[0].mSldHref ); } function PopSldList() { if (gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1].fEndShow) EndShow() else { gCurSld =3D gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1].mCurSld; gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1] =3D null; gSldStack.length--; var sldList =3D gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1]; GoToSld( sldList.mList[gCurSld - 1].mSldHref ); } } var custShowList=3Dnew Array(); /********************************************* Navigation button implementation There are 2 types of buttons: ImgBtn, TxtBtn implemented as function objects. They share a similiar interface so the event handlers can call SetActive, for example, on a button=20 object without needing to know exactly=20 what type of button it is. **********************************************/ //---------------------------------- function ImgBtn( oId,bId,w,action ) //---------------------------------- { var t=3Dthis t.Perform =3D _IBP t.SetActive =3D _IBSetA t.SetInactive=3D _IBSetI t.SetPressed =3D _IBSetP t.SetDisabled=3D _IBSetD t.Enabled =3D _IBSetE t.ChangeIcon =3D null t.UserAction =3D action t.ChgState =3D _IBUI t.mObjId =3D oId t.mBorderId=3D bId t.mWidth =3D w t.mIsOn =3D t.mCurState =3D 0 } function _IBSetA() { if( this.mIsOn ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,2 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0 } } function _IBSetI() { if( this.mIsOn ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,1 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0=20 } } function _IBSetP() { if( this.mIsOn ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,2 ) obj.style.posLeft+=3D1; obj.style.posTop+=3D1 } } function _IBSetD() { =20 obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0=20 } function _IBSetE( state ) { var t=3Dthis GetObj( t.mBorderId ).style.visibility=3D"visible" if( state !=3D t.mIsOn ) { t.mIsOn=3Dstate if( state ) t.SetInactive() else t.SetDisabled() } } function _IBP() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn ) { if( t.UserAction !=3D null ) t.UserAction() if( t.ChangeIcon ) { obj=3DGetObj(t.mObjId) if( t.ChangeIcon() ) obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-4)*t.mWidth else obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-0)*t.mWidth } t.SetActive() } =20 } function _IBUI( clr1,clr2,nextState ) { var t=3Dthis SetBorder( GetObj( t.mBorderId ),clr1,clr2 ) obj=3DGetObj( t.mObjId ) obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-nextState)*t.mWidth-obj= .style.posTop t.mCurState=3DnextState return obj } //----------------------------------------- function TxtBtn( oId,oeId,action,chkState ) //----------------------------------------- { var t=3Dthis t.Perform =3D _TBP t.SetActive =3D _TBSetA t.SetInactive=3D _TBSetI t.SetPressed =3D _TBSetP t.SetDisabled=3D _TBSetD t.SetEnabled =3D _TBSetE t.GetState =3D chkState t.UserAction =3D action t.ChgState =3D _TBUI t.mObjId =3D oId t.m_elementsId=3D oeId t.mIsOn =3D 1 } function _TBSetA() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn && !t.GetState() ) t.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,0,0 ) } function _TBSetI() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn && !t.GetState() ) t.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 ) } function _TBSetP() { if( this.mIsOn ) this.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,1,1 ) } function _TBSetD() { =20 this.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 ) this.mIsOn =3D 0 } function _TBSetE() { var t=3Dthis if( !t.GetState() ) t.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 ) else t.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,1,1 ) t.mIsOn =3D 1 } function _TBP() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn ) {=20 if( t.UserAction !=3D null ) t.UserAction() if( !t.GetState ) return if( t.GetState() ) t.SetPressed() else t.SetActive() } =20 } function _TBUI( clr1,clr2,lOffset,tOffset ) { SetBorder( GetObj( this.mObjId ),clr1,clr2 ) Offset( GetObj( this.m_elementsId ),lOffset,tOffset ) } function Offset( obj, top, left ){ obj.style.top=3Dtop; obj.style.left=3Dle= ft } function SetBorder( obj, upperLeft, lowerRight ) { s=3Dobj.style; s.borderStyle =3D "solid" s.borderWidth =3D 1=20 s.borderLeftColor =3D s.borderTopColor =3D upperLeft s.borderBottomColor=3D s.borderRightColor =3D lowerRight } function GetBtnObj(){ return gBtnArr[window.event.srcElement.id] } function BtnOnOver(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetActive() } function BtnOnDown(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetPressed() } function BtnOnOut(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetInactive() } function BtnOnUp() { b=3DGetBtnObj() if( b !=3D null ) b.Perform() else Upd() } function GetNtsState(){ return parent.gNtsOpen } function GetOtlState(){ return parent.gOtlOpen } function GetOtlTxtState(){ return parent.gOtlTxtExp } function NtsBtnSetFlag( fVal ) { s=3Ddocument.all.item( this.m_flagId ).style s.display=3D"none" if( fVal ) s.display=3D"" else s.display=3D"none" } function _BSetA_Border(){ b =3D gBtnArr[this.mObjId]; if( b !=3D null ) b.S= etActive() } function _BSetI_Border(){ b =3D gBtnArr[this.mObjId]; if( b !=3D null ) b.S= etInactive() } function _BSetP_Border(){ b =3D gBtnArr[this.mObjId]; if( b !=3D null ) b.S= etPressed() } function _BSetA_BorderImg() {=20 b =3D gBtnArr[this.mBorderId]=20 if( b !=3D null && this.mIsOn && !b.GetState() ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,2 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0 } } function _BSetI_BorderImg() {=20 b =3D gBtnArr[this.mBorderId] if( b !=3D null && this.mIsOn && !b.GetState() ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,1 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0 } } var gHiliteClr=3D"THREEDHIGHLIGHT",gShadowClr=3D"THREEDSHADOW",gFaceClr=3D"= THREEDFACE" var gBtnArr =3D new Array() gBtnArr["nb_otl"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_otl","nb_otlElem",parent.ToggleOtlPan= e,GetOtlState ) gBtnArr["nb_otlElem"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_otl","nb_otlElem",parent.ToggleOt= lPane,GetOtlState ) gBtnArr["nb_nts"] =3D new ImgBtn( "nb_nts","nb_ntsBorder",10,parent.ToggleN= tsPane ) gBtnArr["nb_nts"].SetActive =3D _BSetA_BorderImg; gBtnArr["nb_nts"].SetInactive =3D _BSetI_BorderImg; gBtnArr["nb_ntsBorder"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_ntsBorder","nb_ntsElem",parent.= ToggleNtsPane,GetNtsState ) gBtnArr["nb_ntsElem"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_ntsBorder","nb_ntsElem",parent.To= ggleNtsPane,GetNtsState ) gBtnArr["nb_prevBorder"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_prev"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_prev","n= b_prevBorder",30,parent.GoToPrevSld ) gBtnArr["nb_nextBorder"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_next"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_next","n= b_nextBorder",30,parent.GoToNextSld ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshw"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwBorder",18,parent= .FullScreen ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshwBorder"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwBorder",pa= rent.FullScreen,null ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshwBorder"].SetActive =3D _BSetA_Border; gBtnArr["nb_sldshwBorder"].SetInactive =3D _BSetI_Border; gBtnArr["nb_sldshwText"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwText",parent= .FullScreen,null ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshwText"].SetActive =3D _BSetA_Border; gBtnArr["nb_sldshwText"].SetInactive =3D _BSetI_Border; gBtnArr["nb_voice"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_voiceBorder"] =3D new ImgBtn( "nb_voice= ","nb_voiceBorder",18,parent.ToggleVNarration ) gBtnArr["nb_otlTxtBorder"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_otlTxt"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_otlT= xt","nb_otlTxtBorder",23,parent.ToggleOtlText ) gBtnArr["nb_ntsBorder"].m_flagId=3D "nb_nts" gBtnArr["nb_ntsBorder"].SetFlag =3D NtsBtnSetFlag gBtnArr["nb_otlTxt"].ChangeIcon=3D GetOtlTxtState /********************************************* Context menu implementation _CM() is the function that's hooked up to the oncontextmenu event. Once we're asked to show the menu, we first build it by creating DIVs on-the-fly. Then we position it=20 within the screen area so it doesn't get clipped. Creating the DIVs using createElement() means we don't have to write out any extra HTML into the slide HTML files. **********************************************/ var sNext=3D"Next",sPrev=3D"Previous",sEnd=3D"End Show",sFont=3D"Arial",sAr= row=3D"Arrow",sFreeform=3D"Freeform",sRect=3D"Rectangle",sOval=3D"Oval" function ShowMenu() { BuildMenu(); var doc=3DPPTSld.document.body,x=3DPPTSld.event.clientX+doc.scrollLeft,y= =3DPPTSld.event.clientY+doc.scrollTop m =3D PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu") m.style.pixelLeft=3Dx if( (x+m.scrollWidth > doc.clientWidth)&&(x-m.scrollWidth > 0) ) m.style.pixelLeft=3Dx-m.scrollWidth m.style.pixelTop=3Dy if( (y+m.scrollHeight > doc.clientHeight)&&(y-m.scrollHeight > 0) ) m.style.pixelTop=3Dy-m.scrollHeight m.style.display=3D"" } function _CM() { if( !parent.IsFullScrMode() ) return; if(!PPTSld.event.ctrlKey) { ShowMenu() return false } else HideMenu() } function BuildMenu() { if( PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu") ) return var mObj=3DCreateItem( PPTSld.document.body ) mObj.id=3D"ctxtmenu" mObj.style.visibility=3D"hidden" var s=3DmObj.style s.position=3D"absolute" s.cursor=3D"default" s.width=3D"120px" SetCMBorder(mObj,"menu","black") var iObj=3DCreateItem( mObj ) SetCMBorder( iObj, "threedhighlight","threedshadow" ) iObj.style.padding=3D2 CreateMenuItem( iObj,sNext,M_GoNextSld,M_True ) CreateMenuItem( iObj,sPrev,M_GoPrevSld,M_HasPrevSld ) =09 CreateSeparator( iObj ) CreateMenuItem( iObj,sEnd,M_End,M_True ) mObj.style.visibility=3D"visible" } function Cancel() { window.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue; window.event.returnVa= lue=3Dfalse } function Highlight() { ChangeClr("activecaption","threedhighlight") } function Deselect() { ChangeClr("threedface","menutext") } function Perform() { e=3DPPTSld.event.srcElement if( e.type=3D=3D"menuitem" && e.IsActive() ) e.Action() else PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue } function ChangeClr( bg,clr ) { e=3DPPTSld.event.srcElement if( e.type=3D=3D"menuitem" && e.IsActive() ) { e.style.backgroundColor=3Dbg e.style.color=3Dclr } } function M_HasPrevSld() { return( parent.HasPrevSld() ) } function M_GoNextSld() { if( gIsEndShow ) M_End(); else GoToNextSld() } function M_GoPrevSld() { if( gIsEndShow ) { gIsEndShow=3D0; history.back();= PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue; } else GoToPrevSld() } function M_True() { return true } function M_End() { window.close( self ) } function CreateMenuItem( node,text,action,eval ) { var e=3DCreateItem( node ) e.type=3D"menuitem" e.Action=3Daction e.IsActive=3Deval e.innerHTML=3Dtext if( !e.IsActive() ) e.style.color=3D"threedshadow" e.onclick=3DPerform e.onmouseover=3DHighlight e.onmouseout=3DDeselect s=3De.style; s.fontFamily=3DsFont s.fontSize=3D"9pt" s.paddingLeft=3D2 } function CreateSeparator( node ) { var sObj=3DCreateItem( node ) SetCMBorder(sObj,"menu","menu") var s=3DsObj.style s.borderTopColor=3D"threedshadow" s.borderBottomColor=3D"threedhighlight" s.height=3D1 s.fontSize=3D"0px" } function CreateItem( node ) { var elem=3DPPTSld.document.createElement("DIV") node.insertBefore( elem ) return elem } function SetCMBorder( o,ltClr,rbClr ) { var s=3Do.style s.backgroundColor=3D"menu" s.borderStyle=3D"solid" s.borderWidth=3D1 s.borderColor=3DltClr+" "+rbClr+" "+rbClr+" "+ltClr } ------=_NextPart_01C6274E.182AAC60 Content-Location: file:///C:/B15B5951/Kaupunkikurssi1_files/fullscreen.htm Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" ------=_NextPart_01C6274E.182AAC60 Content-Location: file:///C:/B15B5951/Kaupunkikurssi1_files/buttons.gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Type: image/gif R0lGODlhWAESAPf4AAAAAIAAAACAAICAAAAAgIAAgACAgICAgAQEBISEBASEBISEhAQEhMTExAQE /KTM9Pz8/ERERPz8BAT8/KSkpGRkhMTcxCRkxAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMDAwP8AAAD/AP//AAAA//8A/wD//////yH5BAEAAPgALAAAAABYARIA QAj/APEJHEiwoMGDCBMqXMiwocOHECNKnEixosWLGCEiQKCRo8YDIEHig2DxAD4LKD1avDDhgUuV GUOGbHBR5QGYFBG4fHAB58EKECJEwCfUYAWPFGAygLCRKQIIUKM6WAohKUGgCikcFWh1INWoYKVS 7SrQ41GbIhGYLAuVQVOoC+IyXUuUAkG1HE3KFDhAwkgJc5/qDZmxsOHDiBMrXsy4sePDGyP7lChT 5MULmDPnlDw5YmW6FTNrfgi0aNGEZPEtbfo2bNTUpYeeRph69dPWrqvCNFuBIGG1A59CYPAVQtwF cw0OxWdTIOiBCQAjaAB17fOFII8voGmRc+eOkilm/z9OvTtnjN4hYk1YoT3H2rnBOphPAB9skgq3 2lcaX/5YnJVt9BloAar12UEIRGCZdQghMABI1Tn32IQUVthYexhmqGGGMBHAgIfEhSiiiATAtOGJ GnYI4ogsEldicAYOGNJGZaml3Y0L3NTZUBz1xlB0PUoUI0jlVWRSVN89xBKSGB1YU1TMoRfVBEle hR9HQs1GEHxQ3RZZbveZthxt/LEmXHyp5XWABSCpaRJwbM13gAACPHVccgJFgF+NEhqUAEkQSCfc ddhVhh5dVTaEAEsTUNlkZUWKN9BNGDE6QU8OrSdbllzpxyVTTrU21Uj3scfhp7nNpyoDaTIEJ3P9 If8J2kbLNYegg9JRBwGhFvbq66+ZUiDssMQWK2yHxiZLrInKNotss8l+B5yBrr5p2UIJvortANoC 6+234IbLla/elRtZjeamh5CC3Sb0YLvixivvYkDFGlZqBNh7r4n6goVvv6/ZlCicN+kL71ALTnpQ dCIZp7CihkLA3UQmoWRBogyxtBPGCTnZncVR1rSTo5nuydC/Eo8kUH+lOoTyyvjoCuZu+PjYIKLD rZybtrM1d10C0QXKEVz48GrQkEeWdFJKlbb0UmEeV0SzyC6RvNB646LWIVjUNeC1zAFb+RDKXksM 9r531bwmpQW9+hQDDsx5pqwDRWBXcFES2hc+gEn/wJGdEEWdE6LoWcoxQweaTNmkhydkKaYMYY2Q p1unbLl/pPKbn3v7EZRvrKvqlja2ONvrtoIw9tn2g32/tQBlhtYkU+MNikZ7QYlPDPuMldpOmuJX nVo5VF3HjI+q89mteX5IDd/fVFClma5kiE4f2XUJhlz09gj2NbTDRifkmu7zXjR++RVJ/lPznuvr QH2iD6S+UewP9Dnon6d2NLwN8n90BB6hC68cFMCHoe+ACASP9c4DowUyEF0OPFcDI0ij/VXPaAKC UfhS95AKGoQ7IBRICI1HwhGaUIQoLGEKT6jCFrLwhSuMoQtlCMMZ2rCGOKShDm+4wxzy8Ic+DGIP B4cIRCKGMCAAOy== ------=_NextPart_01C6274E.182AAC60 Content-Location: file:///C:/B15B5951/Kaupunkikurssi1_files/frame.htm Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Kaupunkitutkimuksen yhteiskuntatieteelliset perusteet ------=_NextPart_01C6274E.182AAC60 Content-Location: file:///C:/B15B5951/Kaupunkikurssi1_files/outline.htm Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"
 No= tes
Slide Show
Outline
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