After McKenna & Bell, 1997, with recent species from Nowak, 1991
<==o Sciurini Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 [taxonomic history] (squirrels; oravat) |?-o †Protosciurus Black, 1963; L.Olig.-L.Mioc. NA. | |-- †P. gondoni | `-- †P. rachelae Black, 1963 |?- †Freudenthalia Cuesca Bescós, 1988; L.Mioc. Eu. |-- Rheithrosciurus macrotis Gray, 1867 [Rhithrosciurus Lydekker, 1891] (Bornean tassel-eared squirrel; töyhtöorava, tupsukorvaorava) |-- Sciurillus pusillus Moore, 1959 (Neotropical pygmy squirrel; amazoninkääpiöorava) [Sciurillina Moore, 1959] `--o Sciurina Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 [taxonomic history] |-- †Douglassciurus jeffersoni (Douglass, 1901) Emry & Korth, 1996 [taxonomic history] |-- †Protoscuirus mengi |?-o †Miosciurus Black, 1963; L.Mioc. NA. | `-- †M. ballovianus (Cope) [Sciurus ballovianus Cope] |-- Syntheosciurus brochus [sgen. => Sciurus??] (panamanvuoriorava) |--o Microsciurus J.A. Allen, 1895 [incl. Leptosciurus Allen, 1915; Simosciurus Allen, 1915] (American dwarf squirrels) | |-- M. alfari (central American dwarf Squirrel) | |-- M. mimulus (western dwarf squirrel) | |-- M. flaviventer (amazon dwarf squirrel) | `-- M. santanderensis (colombian dwarf squirrel) `--o Sciurus Linnaeus, 1758; L.Mioc. Pleist.-R. NA., Plioc.-R. Eu., R. As. [taxonomic history] (Tree squirrels, gray squirrels, fox squirrel, European red squirrel; oravat) |-- †S. olsoni Emry, Korth & Bell, 2005 |-- (Tenes) anomalus (persianorava) |--o (Sciurus) Linnaeus, 1758 | |-- S. (S.) vulgaris (European red squirrel; orava) | |-- S. (S.) lis (japaninorava) | |-- S. (S.) carolinensis (gray squirrel; harmaaorava) | |-- S. (S.) aureogaster (mexican gray squirrel) | |-- S. (S.) colliaei (collie's squirrel) | |-- S. (S.) yucatanensis (yucatan squirrel) | |-- S. (S.) variegatoides (variegated squirrel) | |-- S. (S.) deppei (deppe's squirrel) | |--o S. (S.) niger (Fox squirrel; kettuorava) | | |-- S. (S.) n. niger (kettuorava) | | |-- S. (S.) n. cinereus (delmarvankettuorava) | | |-- S. (S.) n. shermani | | |-- S. (S.) n. vulpinus | | `-- S. (S.) n. avicennia | |-- S. (S.) oculatus (peter's squirrel) | |-- S. (S.) alleni (allen's squirrel) | |-- S. (S.) nayaritensis (nayarit squirrel or Mexican fox squirrel) | `-- S. (S.) arizonensis (arizonanharmaaorava) |-- (Hesperosciurus) griseus (western gray squirrel) |--o (Otosciurus) aberti (abertinorava) | |-- S. (O.) a. aberti | `-- S. (O.) a. kaibabensis |--o (Guerlinguetus) Gray, 1821 | |-- S. (G.) granatensis (red-tailed squirrel) | |-- S. (G.) richmondi (richmond's squirrel) | |-- S. (G.) aestuans (guianan squirrel) | |-- S. (G.) gilvigularis (brazilian squirrel) | |-- S. (G.) ignitus (bolivian squirrel) | |-- S. (G.) pucheranii (colombian squirrel) | |-- S. (G.) stramineus (guayaquil squirrel) | `-- S. (G.) sanborni (sanborn's squirrel) |--o (Hadrosciurus) Allen, 1915 | |-- S. (H.) flammifer (venezuelan squirrel) | `-- S. (H.) pyrrhinus (junin red squirrel) `--o (Uroscuirus) Allen, 1915 |-- S. (U.) igniventris (northern Amazon red squirrel) `-- S. (U.) spadiceus (southern Amazon red squirrel)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Emry, R. J. & Korth, W. W., 1996: The Chadronian squirrel "Sciurus" jeffersoni Douglass, 1901: A new generic name, new material, and its bearing on the early evolution of Sciuridae (Rodentia).
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 16, #4, pp. 775-780 - Emry, R. J., Korth, W. W. & Bell, M. A., 2005: A tree squirrel (Rodentia, Sciuridae, Sciurini) from the Late Miocene (Clarendonian) of Nevada.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 25, #1, pp. 228-235 - Emry, R. J. & Thorington, R. W. Jr., 1982: Descriptive and comperative osteology of the oldest fossil squirrel, Protosciurus (Rodentia: Sciuridae)
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: No. 47, pp. iv-35 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Pratt, A. E. & Morgan, G. S., 1989: New Sciuridae (Mammalia: Rodentia) from the Early Miocene Thomas Farm local fauna, Florida.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 9, #1, pp. 89-100