After Cooke & Wilkinson, 1978, Nowak, 1991 and McKenna & Bell, 1997
<==o Suinae Gray, 1821 (non Zittel, 1893) sensu McKenna & Bell, 1997 (modern pigs; siat) |--o Suini (metsäsiat) | |-- †Korynochoerus palaeochoerus | |--o †Hippopotamodon Lydekker, 1877 [Dicoryphochoerus Pilgrim, 1926, Hyosus; Limnostonyx Ginsburg] | | |-- †H. binxianensis (Liu et al., 1978) [Dicoryphochoerus binxianensis Liu et al., 1978] | | |-- †H. medius (Tang et al., 1985) [Dicoryphochoerus medius Tang et al., 1985] | | |-- †H. hyotheroides (Schlosser, 1903) [Propotamochoerus hyotheroides] | | |-- †H. antiquus (Kaup, 1832) [Sus antiquus Kaup, 1832; Microstonyx antiquus (Kaup, 1832); Limnostonyx antiquus (Kaup, 1832) Ginsburg] | | `-- †H. sivalense Lydekker, 1877 [Sus titan Lydekker, 1884; Dicoryphochoerus robustus Pilgrim, 1926; Dicoryphochoerus titanoides Pilgrim, 1926] | |-- †Eumaiochoerus | |--o †Microstonyx Pilgrim, 1926 [= Hippopotamodon?] | | `-- †M. major (Gervais, 1848-1952) [Sus erymanthius Roth & Wagner, 1854; Sus (Microstonyx) erymanthius Pearson, 1928; Dicoryphochoerus binxianensis Liu et al., 1978; Dicoryphochoerus medius Tang et al., 1985; ?Dicoryphochoerus meteai Ozansoy, 1965] | `--o Sus Linnaeus, 1758 (siat) | |-- S. (Porcula) salvanius (kääpiösika) | `--o (Sus) Linnaeus, 1758 | |?- S. (S.) bucculentus (vietnaminpahkasika; Vietnamese Warty Pig) [possibly a variant of Sus scrofa (Robins et al., 2006)] | |?- S. (S.) cebifrons (visayanpartasika) | |?-+-- S. (S.) heureni (floressaarenpahkasika; Flores Warty Pig) | | `-- S. (S.) philippensis (filippiinienpahkasika; Philippine Warty Pig) | |?- S. (S.) timoriensis (Timor Warty Pig) | |--o S. (S.) scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 (Eurasian wild pig; villisika, metsäkarju) | | |-- S. (S.) s. domesticus Erxleben, 1777 (domesticated pig; kesysika) [polyphyletic] | | |-- S. (S.) s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 (wild boar; villisika (Keski-Eurooppa)) | | |-- S. (S.) s. riukiuanus (riukiunvillisika) | | `-- S. (S.) s. vittatus (juovasika (Kaakkois-Aasia)) | |--o S. (S.) barbatus (partasika) | | |-- S. (S.) b. barbatus (partasika) | | `-- S. (S.) b. oi (lännenpartasika) | |-- S. (S.) celebensis (celebesinsika) | `-- S. (S.) verrucosus (käsnäsika) `--+-- Potamochoerini (pensselisiat) `--+--o †Hippohyini | |-- †Sivahyus Pilgrim, 1926 [Hyosus Pilgrim, 1926] | |-- †Sinohyus | `-- †Hippohyus Falconer & Gautley, 1847 `--+-- Babyrousa babyrussa [Babyrousini] (hirvisika, babirussa) `--o Phacochoerini (pahkasiat) |-- †Potamochoeroides shawi (Dale, 1948) Dale, 1948 [Pronotochoerus shawi Dale, 1948, incl. Potamochoeroides hypsodon Dale, 1948] |--o †Metridiochoerus Hopwood, 1926 [taxonomic history] | |-- †M. jacksoni (Leakey, 1943) [taxonomic history] | |?- †M. modestus | |-- †M. nyanzae (Leakey, 1958) [taxonomic history] | `--+-- †M. andrewsi Hopwood, 1926 | `-- †M. campactus (E.C.N. van Hoepen & H.E. van Hoepen, 1932) [taxonomic history] `--o Phacochoerus Cuvier, 1817 [taxonomic history] (warthogs; pahkasiat) |-- †P. modestus (E.C.N. van Hoepen & H.E. van Hoepen, 1932) [taxonomic history] |-- †P. kabuae Whitworth, 1965 `--+-- †P. aethiopicus (Pallas, 1767) [taxonomic history] (kapinpahkasika; Cape warthog) `-- P. africanus Gmelin, 1788 [taxonomic history] (pahkasika; Common Warthog)
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Cooke, H. B. S. & Wilkinson, A. F., 1978: Suidae and Tayassuidae. 435-482.
in Maglio, V. J. & Cooke, H. B. S., (eds.) 1978: Evolution of African mammals.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1978, xiv-641 - Gentry, A., Clutton-Brock, J. & Groves, C. P., 1996: Case 3010: Proposed conservation of usage of 15 mammal specific names based on wild species which are antedated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals.
–Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature: Vol. 53, #1, pp. 28-37 - Geraads, D., Kaya, T. & Mayda, S., 2005: Late Miocene large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, Turkey, and their biogeographic implications.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 50, #3, pp. 523-544 - Groves, C. P., Scheller, G. B., Amato, G., & Khounboline, K., 1997: Rediscovery of the wild pig Sus bucculentus.
–Nature: Vol. 386, 27 March, pp. 335 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Pickford, M. & Liu, L., 2001: Revision of the Miocene Suidae of Xiaolongtan (Kaiyuan), China.
–Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana: Vol. 40, #2, pp. 275-283 - Robins, J. H., Ross, H. A., Allen, M. S. & Matisoo-Smith, E., 2006: Sus bucculentus revisited.
–Nature: Vol. 440, pp. E7