 |
|
|
<==o DASYATOIDEA (keihäsrauskumaiset rauskut; stingray-like rays)
|--o Urolophidae (lautaskeihäsrauskut) [2/35]
| |--o Urolophus [Leiobatis, Trygonoptera] M. Eoc. Eu. Pleist. NA. R. Oc.
| | |-- †U. crassicaudatus
| | `-- U. halleri
| `-- Urotrygon
`--o Dasyatidae [Trygonidae] (keihäsrauskut)
|?- †Gryphodobatis Plioc. NA.
|?- †Hypolophites U. Cret. Eoc. Af.
|?- †Parapalaeobates U. Cret. SWAs. NAf.
|?- †Rhombodus binkhosti U. Cret. Eu. SWAs. NAf. SA.
|--o Dasyatinae (keihäsrauskut; stingrays, whiprays) [6/50]
| |--o Dasyatis [Dasibatus, Dasybatus, Heliobatis, Palaeodasybatis, Pastinachus, Trygon, Xiphotrygus, Xiphotrygon] ?L. Cret. M. Eoc. Eu. U. Cret. NAf. M. Eoc. Pleist. NA. U. Cret. SA. Mioc. As. Aus. Pleist. EInd. R. Oc.
| | |-- †D. radians (Marsh, 1877) [Heliobatis]
| | |-- †D. muricata [Trygon]
| | |-- †D. acutidens (Cope, 1879) [Xiphotrygon]
| |-- Himantura
| |-- Hypolophus
| |-- Taeniura M. Eoc. Plioc. Eu. R. Oc.
| |-- Urogymnus
| `-- Urolophoides
`--o Potamotrygoninae (jokirauskut; river stingrays
|-- Paratrygon [Disceus]
|-- Plesiotrygon
`-- Potamotrygon
Reference(s):
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223
Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600
Mould, B., 1995-1997: The nomenclature and distribution of the recent Elasmobranchii.
–iNet: http://ibis.nott.ac.uk/elasmobranch.html