After Mould, 1995-1997, with fossil species from Williams, 1999
<==o Alopiidae (kettuhait; Thresher sharks) |--o †Paranomotodon | |-- †P. angustidens (Ruess, 1845) | `-- †P. sp. `--o Alopias Rafinesque, 1810 [Alopecias, Vulpecula, Usakias] Eoc. NA. Af. Olig. Mioc. Eu. Mioc. WInd. Plioc. SA. R. Oc. (Thresher sharks; kettuhait) [3 recent species] |-- †A. crochardi Ward, 1978 |-- †A. denticulatus Capetta, 1981 [Usakias wardi] |-- †A. cf. denticulatus |-- †A. exigua (Probst, 1879) |-- †A. hassei |-- †A. hermani |-- †A. latidens (Leriche, 1909a) |-- †A. sp. cf. A. latidens |-- †A. alabamensis White, 1956 |-- †A. leeensis Ward, 1978 |-- †A. lerichei |-- †A. sp. |-- A. vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788) [=? A. macrourus Rafinesque, 1810] (Thintail thresher; kettuhai) |-- A. superciliosus (Lowe, 1840) (Bigeye thresher; isosilmäkettuhai) `-- A. pelagicus Nakamura, 1935 (Pelagic thresher; ulappakettuhai)
Reference(s):
- Bourdon, J., 1996?-2000: Carcharodon vs. Carcharocles - Great White Ancestry.
–iNet: WWW.Elasmo.com: Topics: Selachian Topics: Carcharodon vs. Carcharocles - Great White Ancestry - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Cicimurri, D. J. & Knight, J. L., 2009: Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 54, #4, pp. 627-647 [doi: 10.4202/app.2008.0077] - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Mould, B., 1995-1997: The nomenclature and distribution of the recent Elasmobranchii.
–iNet: http://ibis.nott.ac.uk/elasmobranch.html - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600 - Purdy, R. W., Schneider, V. P., Applegate, S. P., McLellan, J. H., Meyer, R. L. & Slaughter, B. H., 2001: The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina. 71-202
in Ray, C. E. & Bohaska, D. J., (eds.) 2001: Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, III.
–Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., 2001, iv-365