After Sibley & Monroe, 1990, and Mayr, 2000
<==o Upupiformes (hoopoe-like; harjalintumaiset) |--o †Messelirrisor Mayr, 1998; M.Eoc. Eu. [Messelirrisoridae sensu Mayr, 1998] | |-- †M. halcyorostris Mayr, 1998 | |-- †M. parvus Mayr, 1998 | `-- †M. grandis Mayr, 2000 `--+--o Upupa [Upupidae] (hoopoes; harjalinnut) | |-- †U. antaios Olson, 1975 (santhelenanharjalintu) [St. Helena Isl.] | |-- U. epops (hoopoe; harjalintu) | `-- U. africana (African Hoopoe) `--o Phoeniculidae (säihkykiipijät) |--o Phoeniculus (vihersäihkyjät) | |-- P. purpureus (vihersäihkyjä) | |-- P. somaliensis (abessiniansäihkyjä) | |-- P. bollei (valkopääsäihkyjä) | |-- P. castaneiceps (ruskopääsäihkyjä) | `--o P. damarensis (violettisäihkyjä) | |-- P. d. damarensis (Violet Woodhoopoe) | `-- P. d. granti (Grant's Woodhoopoe) `--o Rhinopomastus (sirppisäihkyjät) |-- R. aterrimus (mustasäihkyjä) |-- R. minor (pikkusirppisäihkyjä) `-- R. cyanomelas (sirppisäihkyjä)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The age of birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachutess. 1980. - Feduccia, A., 1997: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996, - Mayr, G., 2000: Tiny hoopoe-like birds from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Germany).
–The Auk: Vol. 117, #4, pp. 964-970 - Olson, S. L., 1975: Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Baleobiology: Vol. 23, pp. iv-49 - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985, - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990, xxiv-1111