Sarothurini after Livezey, 1998

<==o Sarothurini Verheyen, 1957 sensu Livezey, 1998 (räikkäset ja sukulaiset; flufftais and allies)
   |--o Rallina eurizonoides (Lafresnaye, 1845) G.R. Grey, 1846 (savikoipirääkkä; )
   |  |-- R. e. eurizonoides (Lafresnaye, 1845) [incl. R. minahasa, R. alvarezi] (savikoipirääkkä)
   |  `-- R. e. amauroptera (Eyton, 1845) [incl. R. nigrolineata, R. telmatophila, R. sepiaria, R. formosana] (white-throated chestnut-rail)
   `--+--+-- Rallina canningi (Blyth, 1863) G.R. Grey, 1846 (andamaanienräikkä; Andaman chestnut-rail)
      |  `-- Rallina fasciata (Raffles, 1822) G.R. Grey, 1846 (punakoipiräikkä; red-legged chestnut-rail)
      `--+--o Rallina tricolor G.R. Grey, 1858 (saagoräikkä; bar-bellied chestnut-rail)
         |  |-- R. t. tricolor G.R. Grey, 1858 (saagoräikkä; bar-bellied chestnut-rail)
         |  `-- R. t. victa Hartert, 1901 [incl. R. convicta] (red-necked chestnut-rail)
         `--+--o Rallicula Schlegel, 1871 (uudenguineanluhtakanat;  forest-rails)
            |  |?- R. paykullii (rumpaliräikkä)
            |  |-- R. forbesi Sharpe, 1887 (papuankanaräikkä; Forbes' forest-rail)
            |  |-- R. leucospila (Salvadori, 1875) (papuankirjoräikkä; white-striped forest-rail)
            |  `--+-- R. rubra Schlegel, 1871 (papuanpunaräikkä New Guinean forest-rail)
            |     `-- R. mayri Hartert, 1930 (papuanmetsäräikkä; Mayr's forest-rail)
            `--o Sarothrura Heine, 1890 (kääpiörääkät, räikkäset; flufftails)
               |-- S. pulchra (J.E. Gray, 1829) (rämerääkkiäinen; white-spotted flufftail)
               `--+-- S. elegans (Smith, 1839) (rokkorääkkiäinen; buff-spotted flufftail)
                  `--+-- S. rufa (Vieillot, 1819) (viitarääkkiäinen; red-chested flufftail)
                     `--+--+-- S. ayresi (Gurney, 1877) (pilkkarääkkiäinen; white-winged flufftail)
                        |  `-- S. watersi (Bartlett, 1879) (kaislarääkkiäinen; Waters' flufftail)
                        `--+--+-- S. boehmi Reichenow, 1900 (luhtarääkkiäinen; streak-breasted flufftail)
                           |  `--o S. lugens (Böhm, 1884) (Crakeyskärääkkiäinen; African flufftail)
                           |     |?- S. l. lugens (Böhm, 1884) (chestnut-headed flufftail)
                           |     `?- S. l. lynesi (Lynes's flufftail)
                           `--+-- S. insularis (Sharpe, 1870) (madagaskarinrääkkiäinen; Madagascan flufftail)
                              `--o S. affinis (Smith, 1828 (ylänkörääkkiäinen; chestnut-tailed flufftail)
                                 |-- S. a. affinis (Smith, 1828 (ylänkörääkkiäinen; chestnut-tailed flufftail)
                                 `-- S. a. antonii Madarasz & Neumann, 1911 (chestnut-breasted flufftail)

Reference(s):

Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196

Feduccia, A., 1996: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996, x-420

Livezey, B. C., 1998: A phylogenetic analysis of the Gruiformes (Aves) based on morphological characters, with an emphasis on the rails (Rallidae).
–Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (Biology): Vol. 353, pp. 2077-2151

Olson, S. L., 1975: Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Baleobiology: Vol. 23, pp. iv-49

Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985.

Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B, L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.

Last updated: 2002-09-15