After Livezay, 1998 and Sibley & Monroe, 1990
<==o Fulicarina (Nitzsch, 1820) sensu Livezey, 1998 (lieju- ja nokikanat; moorhens and coots) |--o Pareudiastes Hartlaub & Finsch, 1871 | |-- P. silvestris (Mayr, 1933) (salomonliejukana; San Cristobal moorhen) | `-- †P pacificus Hartlaub & Finsch, 1871 (samoanliejukana; Samoan moorhen, Tahiti rail??) `--+--+-- Gallicrex cinerea (Gmelin, 1789) Blyth, 1852 (kukkorääkkä; watercock) | `-- Porphyriops melanops (Vieillot, 1819) Pucheran, 1845 (täpläliejukana, nauruliejukana; spot-flanked moorhen) |--o Tribonyx Du Bus, 1840 (native-hens) | |-- T. ventralis (Gould, 1836) (australianlijukana; black-tailed native-hen) | |--o T. mortierii Du Bus, 1840 (tasmanianliejukana; Tasmanian native-hen) | | `-- †T. (m.) repertus (De Vis, 1888) (De Vis' native-hen) | `-- †T. hodgenorum (Scarlett, 1955) (uudenseelanninliejukana; New Zealand native-hen) `--+--o Gallinula Brisson, 1760 (liejukanat; moorhens) | |?- †hodgenorum | |--o G. (Porphyriornis) nesiotis (Sclater, 1861) Allen, 1892 (etelänliejukana; South Atlantic moorhens) | | |-- †G. (P.) n. nesiotis (Sclater, 1861) (Tristan Moorhen;) | | `-- G. (P.) n. comeri (Allen, 1892) (Gough Moorhen) | `--o (Gallinula) Brisson, 1760 (liejukanat; typical moorhens) | |-- G. (G.) tenebrosa Gould, 1846 (tummaliejukana; dusky moorhen) | `--+-- G. (G.) angulata Sundevall, 1850 (pikkuliejukana; lesser moorhen) | `--o G. (G.) chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) (liejukana; moorhen) | |-- G. (G.) c. chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) [incl. indica, orientalis, correiana, guami] (euraasianliejukana; Eurasian moorhen) | |-- G. (G.) c. pyrrhorrhoa Newton, 1861 [incl. seychellarum] (madagaskarinliejukana; Madagascan moorhen) | |-- G. (G.) c. cachinnans Bangs, 1915 [incl. cerceris] (pohjoisamerikanliejukana; North American moorhen) | |-- G. (G.) c. galeata (Lichtenstein, 1818) [incl. garmani, pauxilla] (eteläamerikanliejukana; South American moorhen) | |-- G. (G.) c. sandvicensis Streets, 1877 (havajinliejukana; Havaiian moorhen | `?- G. (G.) c. meridionalis ()? `--o Fulica Linnaeus, 1758 (nokikanat; coots) |?- †F. newtoni Milne-Edwards, 1867 (mauritiuksennokikana; Mauritius coot) |-- F. rufifrons Philippi & Landbeck, 1861 (lymynokikana; red-fronted coot) `--+--+-- F. cornuta Bonaparte, 1853 (sarvinokikana; horned coot) | `-- F. gigantea Eydoux & Sauleyet, 1841 (punannokikana; giant coot) `--+--+-- F. armillata Vieillot, 1817 (isonokikana; red-gartered coot) | `-- F. leucoptera Vieillot, 1817 (pikkunokikana; white-winged coot) `--+--o F. americana Gmelin, 1789 (amerikannokikana) | |-- F. a. americana Gmelin, 1789 (amerikannokikana; American coot) | |-- F. a. ardesiaca Tschudi, 1843 (andiennokikana; Andean coot, slate-colored coot) | |-- F. a. alai Peale, 1848 (havajinnokikana; Hawaiian coot) | `-- F. a. caribaea Ridgway, 1884 (karibiannokikana; Caribbean coot) `--+-- F. atra Linnaeus, 1758 (nokikana; black coot) `--+-- F. cristata Gmelin, 1789 (syylänokikana) `?-o †F. chathamensis Forbes, 1892 (uudenseelanninnokikana; New Zealand coot) |-- †F. c. chathamensis Forbes, 1892 (chathamsaartennokikana; Chatham Islands coot) `-- †F. c. prisca Hamilton, 1893 (uudenseelanninnokikana; New Zealand coot)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196 - Feduccia, A., 1996: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996, x-420 - Holdaway, R. N., Worthy, T. H. & Tennyson, A. J. D., 2001: A working list of breeding bird species of the New Zealand region at first human contact.
–New Zealand Journal of Zoology: Vol. 28, pp. 119-187 - Livezey, B. C., 1998: A phylogenetic analysis of the Gruiformes (Aves) based on morphological characters, with an emphasis on the rails (Rallidae).
–Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (Biology): Vol. 353, pp. 2077-2151 - Olson, S. L., 1975: Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Baleobiology: Vol. 23, pp. iv-49 - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B, L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.